Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 11.082941 * Median Longitude: 86.650588 * South-bound Latitude: 9.030000 * West-bound Longitude: 81.050000 * North-bound Latitude: 15.970000 * East-bound Longitude: 93.600000

Date/Time Start: 1754-03-11T06:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1754-03-27T07:00:00

Event(s):

Colchester_17540311_BL_L/MAR/B/113C * Latitude Start: 15.970000 * Longitude Start: 93.600000 * Latitude End: 12.100000 * Longitude End: 80.500000 * Date/Time Start: 1754-03-11T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1754-03-27T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Colchester, Voyage: Negrais Burma - Madras, 1st Observer: Roger Mainwaring (Captain), 2nd Observer: Frances Reed (1st Officer/Master), Company: EIC

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
7	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
8	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
9	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
10	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
11	Current speed description	V descr
12	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
13	State of the sea description	State sea descr
14	Clearness	Clearness
15	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
16	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
17	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
18	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
19	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
20	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
21	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
22	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

286 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg]	5 ff [m/s]	6 Course	7 Distance [arbitrary units]	9 Wind dir descr	10 Cur dir descr	11 V descr	12 Wind force descr	13 State sea descr	14 Clearness	22 ID
1754-03-11T06:00	15.97	93.60	293	1.0	S50W	18.00	WNW, NWBW, NW, WBS, W, WSW, SWBW, WNW			LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS	SWELL FROM THE NW	FAIR WEATHER	43460
1754-03-12T06:00	15.13	92.75	11	6.7	S78W	52.00	NW, NW, NNW, NWBN, NBE			FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE AND LATTER A PLEASANT BREEZE		MIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR WEATHER	43461
1754-03-13T06:00	14.30	90.73	11	9.3	S76W	124.00	NBE			A FINE PLEASANT GALE	SMOOTH WATER	FAIR WEATHER	43462
1754-03-14T06:00	12.78	89.50	23	12.3	S40W	114.00	NNE, NE, NNE			A STEADY GALE	SMOOTH WATER	HAZY WEATHER	43463
1754-03-15T06:00	11.38	88.92	68	6.7	S22W	90.00	NNE, NE, ENE			A PLEASANT BREEZES	SMOOTH WATER	FAIR WEATHER	43464
1754-03-16T06:00	10.65	88.58	45	2.6	S27W	45.00	ENE, NE			A LIGHT BREEZE	SWELL FROM THE NE	FAIR WEATHER	43465
1754-03-17T06:00	10.12	88.27	11	0.0	S47W	25.00	NE, NBE			FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER PART CALM	LATER PART A SWELL FROM THE NE	LATTER PART FAIR WEATHER	43466
1754-03-18T06:00	9.77	87.62	11	2.6	S67W	42.00	NBE	S		LIGHT BREEZES		FAIR WEATHER	43467
1754-03-19T06:00	9.42	86.97	113	1.0	S78W	40.00	SE, E, NBE, ESE			LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS	LARGE SWELL FROM THE SOUTHWARD	FAIR WEATHER	43468
1754-03-20T06:00	9.17	85.05	11	9.3	S87W	57.00	NBE, N, NBE			LIGHT AIRS THE FIRST PART, MIDDLE AND LATTER A PLEASANT GALE	FIRST PART A LARGE SWELL FROM THE SOUTHWARD, MIDDLE AND LATTER SMOOTH WATER		43469
1754-03-21T06:00	9.03	84.75	11	6.7	W	78.00	NBE			A PLEASANT BREEZE	SMOOTH WATER	FAIR WEATHER	43470
1754-03-22T06:00	9.27	83.97	68	1.0	N77W	48.00	NBE, NNE, ENE			A PLEASANT BREEZE THE FIRST PART, MIDDLE AND LATTER PARTS LIGHT AIRS	MIDDLE AND LATTER SMOOTH WATER	MIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR WEATHER	43471
1754-03-23T06:00	9.33	83.77	315	1.0	N81W	13.00	NEBN, NW			LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS	SMOOTH WATER	FAIR WEATHER	43472
1754-03-24T06:00	9.42	83.30	191	2.6	N87W	28.00	SE, SBW			FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT BREEZES	SMOOTH WATER	FAIR WEATHER	43473
1754-03-25T07:00	10.12	82.45	180	6.7	N66W	56.00	S			MODERATE BREEZES	SMOOTH WATER	FAIR WEATHER	43474
1754-03-26T07:00	10.92	81.78	113	2.6	N48W	53.00	SE, ENE, ESE			LIGHT BREEZESS THE FIRST AND LATTER PARTS, MIDDLE PART A PLEASANT GALE	SMOOTH WATER	MIDDLE AND LATTER PARTS FAIR WEATHER	43475
1754-03-27T07:00	11.63	81.05	23		N83W	44.00	SBE, NE, EBN, NNE	N	STRONG			FAIR WEATHER	43476