Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -20.871220 * Median Longitude: 18.052561 * South-bound Latitude: -38.320000 * West-bound Longitude: -32.270000 * North-bound Latitude: 18.730000 * East-bound Longitude: 70.550000

Date/Time Start: 1771-05-16T14:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1771-08-11T07:00:00

Event(s):

Clive_17710516_BL_L/MAR/B/533D * Latitude Start: 51.530000 * Longitude Start: 1.920000 * Latitude End: 18.500000 * Longitude End: 72.820000 * Date/Time Start: 1771-05-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1771-08-11T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Clive, Voyage: England - Bombay, 1st Observer: John Allen (Captain), Company: EIC

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
7	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
8	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
9	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
10	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
14	Current speed description	V descr
15	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
16	Present weather	ww		Weather description
17	Precipitation description	Precip descr
18	State of the sea description	State sea descr
19	Clearness	Clearness
20	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
21	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
22	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
23	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
24	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
26	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27	Comment	Comment
28	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1350 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	9 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	13 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...)	14 V descr	15 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	16 ww (Weather description)	17 Precip descr	18 State sea descr	19 Clearness	20 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	21 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	27 Comment	28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1771-05-16T14:00	-7.20	-28.63	156	9.3				S40W	83.00	-2	SEBS, SEBE, SSE			PLEASANT GALES	FAIR		SEA VERY SMOOTH		0	0		43105
1771-05-17T14:00	-8.52	-29.47	123	6.7				S30W	89.00	-1	ESE, SE, ESE, SE, SEBE			MODERATE	FAIR		LARGE SOUTH SWELL		0	0		43106
1771-05-18T14:00	-10.45	-30.20	134	19.0				S27W	110.00	-1	SEBE, ESE, SE			FRESH GALES, SOME SQUALLS		RAIN	VERY LARGE SOUTHERLY SWELL HEADING US		0	1		43107
1771-05-19T14:00	-12.27	-30.78	112	6.7				S17W	109.00	-1	SE, ESE, SEBE, ESE, ESE			MODERATE	FAIR		LARGE SOUTHERLY SWELL		0	0		43108
1771-05-20T14:00	-13.90	-31.53	113	6.7				S24W	109.00	0	SE, SEBE, EE, SEBE, SE, SEBE, ESE			MODERATE WINDS THE TRADE IS AND HAS BEEN VERY SOUTHERLY					0	0		43109
1771-05-21T14:00	-15.45	-32.27	135	15.4				S26W	97.00	0	SEBE, SE, SEBE, SE			MODERATE GALES	FAIR				0	0		43110
1771-05-22T14:00	-16.87	-31.60	135	6.7				S7W	82.00	0	SEBE, EBN, EBS, SE			FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, MIDDLE PART VARIABLE CALM	FIRST AND LATTER FAIR	MIDDLE RAIN			0	1	a trivial correction was made in this observation	43111
1771-05-23T14:00	-17.88	-31.50	46					S88E	87.00	1	NEBE, NE			VARIABLE WIND	VARIABLE				0	0		43112
1771-05-24T14:00	-18.93	-30.93	57	2.6				SE1/4E	53.00	1	SE, ESE, EBN, NEBE			LIGHT BREEZES	VARIABLE				0	0		43113
1771-05-25T14:00	-20.60	-31.23	102	2.6				SBW	90.00	1	SEBE, ESE, EBS, EBS			LIGHT WINDS, VARIABLE WITH SOME SQUALLS			VERY LARGE SOUTHERLY SWELL		0	0		43114
1771-05-26T14:00	-22.25	-31.43	114	6.7				S1/2W	106.00	1	EBS, SEBE, EBS, ESE, EBS, E, ESE			MODERATE WINDS AND SOME LIGHT SQUALLS		RAIN			0	1		43115
1771-05-27T14:00	-24.17	-30.00	103	6.7				SE1/4E	133.00	2	ENE, NNE, EBS			MODERATE	FAIR				0	0		43116
1771-05-28T14:00	-26.00	-28.25	351	12.3				SE	135.00	2	NBW			STEADY GALE	FINE				0	0		43117
1771-05-29T14:00	-27.93	-26.77	226	9.3				SE	119.00	1	SW			A PLEASANT GALE	FAIR		LARGE WESTERLY SWELL		0	0		43118
1771-05-30T14:00	-29.45	-25.47	339	9.3				S38E	111.00	1	S, NNW			FIRST AND LATTER PART A PLEASANT GALE, MIDDLE INCLINING TO LITTLE WIND			LATTER THE WESTERLY SWELL ABATED		0	0		43119
1771-05-31T13:00	-32.38	-22.13	358	22.6				S56E	207.00	-2	N			STRONG GALES				HAZY	0	0		43120
1771-06-01T13:00	-33.28	-20.38	314	9.3				S59E	105.00	-1	N, NW			FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LOOKING VARIABLE AND CALM, LATTER PART A FINE GALE AND INCREASING					0	0		43121
1771-06-02T13:00	-33.70	-18.03	359	2.6				ESE1/4S	131.00	-1	WNW, WSW, N			FIRST PART FRESH TRADE, THE WEATHER SQUALLY, LATER LITTLE WIND	LATTER CLOSE	FIRST PART RAIN		LATTER PART CLOUDY	0	1		43122
1771-06-03T13:00	-34.85	-16.28	244	6.7				S52E	111.00	-4	SW, WSW			MODERATE	MOSTLY FAIR				0	0		43123
1771-06-04T13:00	-35.58	-15.17	244	2.6				S55E	69.00	-4	NW, NWBW, WSW			LIGHT WINDS, VARIABLE			VERY LARGE SWELL		0	0		43124
1771-06-05T13:00	-36.13	-14.08	244	0.0				EBS3/4S	57.00	-4	WSW, WSW			WINDS VARIABLE INCLINING TO CALM			VERY DEEP SOUTHERLY SWELL		0	0		43125
1771-06-06T13:00	-36.57	-12.22	309					S74E	94.00	-6	SBE, SSE, NW			VARIABLE WINDS	VARIABLE		THE SWELL FALLEN		0	0		43126
1771-06-07T13:00	-35.67	-10.13	118					N64E	113.00	-6	SE, ESE, E, ESE, SEBE			VARIABLE WINDS				CLOUDY	0	0		43127
1771-06-08T13:00	-36.53	-8.82	107					SE1/2E	83.00	-6	EBS, ESE, EBS, NEBE, NE, NEBN, ESE			VARIABLE WINDS				CLOUDY	0	0		43128
1771-06-09T12:00	-37.22	-5.47	2	19.0				EBS1/4S	165.00	-9	NBE			FRESH GALES	UNCERTAIN				0	0		43129
1771-06-10T12:00	-37.38	-2.32	360					E1/4S	151.00	-11	NEBN, NW, NBW, SWBW, SW, NBE			WINDS CHANGEABLE	UNCERTAIN				0	0		43130
1771-06-11T12:00	-37.85	-1.25	204	2.6				E1/4S	51.00	-10	WBS, E, SWBE			FIRST PART A FRESH GALE BUT SOON FALLING TO LITTLE WIND				CLOUDY	0	0		43131
1771-06-12T12:00	-38.08	0.05	58					S78E	63.00	-10	EBN, E, EBN, EBS, SE, SSE, ENE			WINDS VARIABLE				CLOUDY	0	0		43132
1771-06-13T12:00	-38.18	2.08	215	4.6				E3/4S	120.00	-10	WSW, W, WSW, SW			LIGHT GALES	MOSTLY FAIR				0	0		43133
1771-06-14T12:00	-38.32	4.33	235	6.7				E1S	122.00	-13	W, NW, WSW			MODERATE BREEZES	FINE				0	0		43134
1771-06-15T12:00	-37.80	7.35	302					EBN	159.00	-13	NNW, NW			STEADY WIND	FAIR				0	0		43135
1771-06-16T11:00	-37.58	9.95	322	6.7				E1/2N	139.00	-16	NNW			MODERATE AND VARIABLE WINDS					0	0		43136
1771-06-17T11:00	-37.52	11.85	344	6.7				E10N	108.00	-16	N			MODERATE WINDS	VERY SERENE				0	0		43137
1771-06-18T11:00	-37.30	13.42	341	4.6				EBN	93.00	-19	NNW, W, NW, N			LIGHT GALES	FINE				0	0		43138
1771-06-19T11:00	-36.97	15.06	296	6.7				N69E	101.00	-19	NNW, NBE, NW			MODERATE			SEA WAS REMARKABLY SMOOTH	CLOUDY	0	0		43139
1771-06-20T11:00	-35.88	17.04	330					N66E	123.00	-19	N, SW, NBW			WINDS VARIABLE				CLOUDY	0	0		43140
1771-06-21T11:00	-35.67	18.53	215					N84E	89.00	-21	WBN, WSW, WBN, SWBW			VARIABLE WINDS	VERY CHANGBLE				0	0		43141
1771-06-22T11:00	-35.55	18.38	114					NBE1/2E	30.00	-21	SSE, SE			VARIABLE AND STRONG GALES, SQUALLS		RAIN			0	1		43142
1771-06-23T11:00	-35.68	18.41	159	14.7				NE1/4N	27.00	-21	SBW, S			GALE ABATING			VERY LARGE SWELL		0	0		43143
1771-06-24T11:00	-35.75	18.88	182	0.0				E	39.00	-21	WSW, SSW			FAINT BREEZES DECREASING TO A CALM	FAIR				0	0		43144
1771-06-26T11:00	-35.80	18.92	204	6.7				EBN	19.00	-21	NW, SW			CALMS, LATTER A BREEZES SPRINGING UP IN THE NW QUARTER	FAIR				0	0		43145
1771-06-27T11:00	-35.73	22.00	272	19.0				N83E	166.00	-21	WNW			A STEADY FRESH GALE	FAIR				0	0		43146
1771-06-28T10:00	-36.43	24.10	292	19.0	CAPE LAGULLAS	N	19	S79E	195.00	-23	WSW, W, NW			A FRESH GALE THROUGHOUT			FOLLOWING SEA		0	0		43147
1771-06-29T10:00	-36.43	27.98	268	22.6				E	172.00	-25	WNW			STRONG GALES			VERY HIGH SEA FOLLOWING US		0	0		43148
1771-06-30T10:00	-35.88	32.23	245	19.0				E1/4N	198.00	-25	W			FRESH GALES			FOLLOWING SEA		0	0		43149
1771-07-01T10:00	-34.92	35.17	244	13.1				N68E	156.00	-26	W			FRESH STEADY GALES	FINE				0	0		43150
1771-07-02T10:00	-32.42	37.40	244	19.0				N37E	172.00	-26	W			FRESH GALE			VERY LARGE SWELL FROM THE SW	CLOUDY	0	0		43151
1771-07-03T09:00	-31.48	38.12	199					NE3/4E	61.00	-26	S, SE, EBS, ESE, E, SW			FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER THE WIND DECREASING AND BECOMING VARIABLE					0	0		43152
1771-07-04T09:00	-32.30	39.07	42					SE	69.00	-26	ESE, EBN, ENE, NEBE, EBN, ENE			VARIABLE WINDS, SQUALLY				CLOUDY	0	0		43153
1771-07-05T09:00	-32.25	39.98	8	19.0				S59E	54.00	-26	NE, NEBE, ENE, NEBE, ENE, NEBN			FRESH SERLY GALES AND SQUALLY AT TIMES		SOME SHOWERS OF RAIN			1	1		43154
1771-07-06T09:00	-32.12	40.20	19	1.0				N81E	11.00	-26	NNW, NE, N, NNW, NE	SOUTHWARD		LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS	FAIR		SEA SMOOTH		0	0		43155
1771-07-07T09:00	-31.73	40.43	289					N19E	38.00	-26	W, SSW, WNW, W, NW	NORTHERLY	STRONG	CALMS AND FAINT WINDS TOWARDS THE LATTER PARTS FRESHNING UP IN THE SW QUARTER					0	0		43156
1771-07-08T09:00	-29.30	41.25	165	9.3				N19E	130.00	-26	SWBS, SBW	NORTHERLY	STRONG	FINE BREEZES	FAIR				0	0		43157
1771-07-09T09:00	-27.53	41.87	199	4.6				N20E	97.00	-26	SW			GENTLE GALES	FAIR		SEA SMOOTH		0	0		43158
1771-07-10T09:00	-25.62	41.97	156	4.6				N3E	107.00	-24	S			EASY GALES	FAIR		SEA SMOOTH		0	0		43159
1771-07-11T09:00	-24.42	42.93	112	4.6				N40E	81.00	-23	SSE, SBE, SE			LIGHT GALES	FINE		SMOOTH WATER		0	0		43160
1771-07-12T09:00	-24.05	43.33	180		EXTREMES OF MADAGASCAR	ENE TO SEBS	7	ENE1/4E	81.00	-23	ESE, ENE, E, SE, SSW				FINE		SMOOTH WATER		0	0	a trivial correction was made in this observation	43161
1771-07-13T09:00	-21.77	43.22	114	21.7				NNW	156.00	-21	SE			FIRST AND MIDDLE A STRONG GALE, THE LATTER PART DECREASING	FINE				0	0		43162
1771-07-14T09:00	-19.65	43.47	182	9.3				N7W	121.00	-21	NE, SSW			PLEASANT GALES	FAIR		SEA SMOOTH		0	0		43163
1771-07-15T09:00	-18.32	43.72	159	2.6				N9E	75.00	-21	S			LIGHT WINDS	FAIR				0	0		43164
1771-07-16T09:00	-16.82	44.18	206	9.3				NEBE1/2E	16.00	-19	SW	NORTHERLY	STRONG	FINE GALES	PLEASANT				0	0		43165
1771-07-17T09:00	-14.55	44.90	217	12.3				N13E	138.00	-19	SWBW			A STEADY GALE	FAIR				0	0		43166
1771-07-18T09:00	-12.28	45.00	208		EXTREMES OF JOANNA	N TO ENE	5	N15E	137.00	-17	SW								0	0		43167
1771-07-23T00:00	-11.25		191	2.6				SBE	96.00		SSE, SBW, SBW			LIGHT BREEZES	FINE				0	0		43168
1771-07-24T09:00	-9.17	44.53	174	12.3				N9W	182.00	-17	SSE, SBW, SBW			A STEADY GALE	FINE				0	0		43169
1771-07-25T09:00	-7.07	44.55	334	9.3				N1E	133.00	-15	SBE, NBW			FRESH AND STEADY BREEZES			SMOOTH SEA		0	0		43170
1771-07-26T09:00	-4.77	44.82	154	9.3				N	139.00	-15	SBE			PLEASANT GALES	FAIR				0	0		43171
1771-07-27T09:00	-3.07	45.43	165					N27E	114.00	-15	S			A STEADY WIND	VERY CHANGEABLE				0	0		43172
1771-07-28T09:00	-1.38	47.02	144	12.3				N51E	123.00	-14	SSE	NORTHERLY	STRONG	STEADY GALES	FINE				0	0		43173
1771-07-29T09:00	0.30	48.47	213	15.4				N47E	119.00	-12	S, SW			AGREABLE GALES	FINE				0	0		43174
1771-07-30T09:00	1.50	50.50	157					N78E	145.00	-12	SBE, SBE			STEADY WINDS	FAIR				0	0		43175
1771-07-31T09:00	2.90	52.48	169	12.3				N69E	128.00	-11	SSW, S	NORTHERLY	21	STEADY GALES	PLEASANT				0	0		43176
1771-08-01T08:00	4.23	54.65	228					N61E	125.00	-8	SWBW, SWBW	SOUTHERLY	35	A CONSTANT WIND		FLYING SHOWERS			1	0		43177
1771-08-02T08:00	4.72	55.98	240	6.7				N51E	103.00	-8	WSW			MODERATE AND STEADY WINDS	FAIR				0	0		43178
1771-08-03T08:00	5.40	56.63	228	2.0				N43E	58.00	-8	SWBW	NORTHERLY	21	VERY FAINT BREEZES	HOT		SWELL FROM THE SW		0	0		43179
1771-08-04T08:00	7.07	57.70	264	6.7				N39E	102.00	-6	W			MODERATE BREEZES	FINE				0	0		43180
1771-08-05T08:00	9.43	58.95	242	10.0				N33E	133.00	-6	SW, WSW, WSW	NORTHERLY	6	A FRESH STEADY BREEZES					0	0		43181
1771-08-06T08:00	12.28	60.02	253	12.3				N22E	167.00	-6	WBS			FRESH AND STEADY WIND	FINE		LARGE FOLLOWING SEA		0	0		43182
1771-08-07T08:00	14.65	61.52	231	22.6				N43E	137.00	-5	SWBW	NORTHERLY	14	A STRONG GALE			FOLLOWING SEA		0	0		43183
1771-08-08T08:00	17.10	63.10	232	12.3				N34E	161.00	-4	SWBW			STEADY GALES	VERY THICK		FOLLOWING SEA		0	0		43184
1771-08-09T08:00	18.70	65.25	232	19.0				N52E	156.00	-4	SWBW			FRESH AND STEADY GALES				HAZY	0	0		43185
1771-08-10T07:00	18.73	67.73	257					N86E	141.00	-2	WBS			STEADY AND FRESH GALES			LARGE SEA FOLLOWING US		0	0		43186
1771-08-11T07:00	18.10	70.55	246	22.6				N75E	147.00	-2	WSW			STRONG GALES, THE WEATHER SQUALLY		RAIN		HAZY	0	1		43187