García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during CHESTERFIELD cruise from Spithead to Senegal started at 1759-08-28 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747890, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 35.011515 * Median Longitude: -13.521515 * South-bound Latitude: 16.200000 * West-bound Longitude: -19.250000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.500000 * East-bound Longitude: -6.250000
Date/Time Start: 1759-08-28T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1759-10-12T00:00:00
Event(s):
Chesterfield_17590828_NMM_ADM/L/C138 * Latitude Start: 50.680000 * Longitude Start: -0.960000 * Latitude End: 16.170000 * Longitude End: -17.650000 * Date/Time Start: 1759-08-28T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1759-10-12T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Chesterfield (5th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Spithead - Senegal, 1st Observer: John Scaife (Captain), 2nd Observer: Richard Llewhellin (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 44G 706BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 10 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 11 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 15 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 16 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 17 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 18 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 19 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 20 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 21 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 22 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 23 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 24 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 25 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 26 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
638 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 10 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 15 V descr | 16 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 17 State sea descr | 18 Clearness | 19 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 20 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 21 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 22 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 23 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 24 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 25 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 26 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1759-08-28T12:00 | 49.10 | -6.25 | 274 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N36E | 22 | S36W | 67.00 | -19 | N, NWBW, NNE, WNW | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS,MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST PART CLEAR MID AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41351 | ||||
| 1759-08-29T12:00 | 49.50 | -7.13 | 4 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N60W | 27 | N55W | 42.00 | -19 | W, SWBW, NBW, NNE | MID PART FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | MID CLOUDY, LATTER FOGGY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41352 | ||||
| 1759-08-30T13:00 | 48.17 | -9.17 | 49 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N58E | 63 | SW | 113.00 | -19 | NBE, NNE, ENE | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MID AND LATTER MODERATE | CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41353 | ||||
| 1759-08-31T13:00 | 47.53 | -10.25 | 296 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N53E | 82 | S49W | 58.00 | -19 | NEBN, NWBW, NW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41354 | ||||
| 1759-09-01T13:00 | 46.77 | -11.10 | 320 | LIZARD | N50E | 101 | S37W | 58.00 | -18 | NEBN, NE, NWBN, NNW | FIRST MODERATE, MID LIGHT AIRS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41355 | |||||
| 1759-09-02T13:00 | 46.10 | -11.50 | 230 | LIZARD | N47E | 114 | SSW | 43.00 | -18 | NW, ENE, WSW | FIRST MODERATE, MID LIGHT AIRS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41356 | |||||
| 1759-09-03T13:00 | 44.72 | -10.40 | 331 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N34E | 127 | S29E | 95.00 | -18 | SWBW, WBS, NBW | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41357 | ||||
| 1759-09-04T13:00 | 44.38 | -11.12 | 207 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N36E | 138 | S56W | 36.00 | -18 | NW, SWBS, SW | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND INTERMIXED WITH CALM | GREAT SWELL FROM THE NW | FIRST AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41358 | |||
| 1759-09-05T13:00 | 43.58 | -10.78 | 241 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N31E | 149 | S16E | 36.00 | -18 | SW, WSW, WBS | FRESH GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41359 | ||||
| 1759-09-06T13:00 | 43.30 | -10.57 | 230 | 0.0 | LIZARD | N29E | 153 | S28E | 19.00 | -18 | WSW, SWBW, WSW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MID AND LATTER CALM | LONG SWELL FROM THE NW | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41360 | |||
| 1759-09-07T13:00 | 42.07 | -11.03 | 17 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N27E | 178 | S15W | 76.00 | -17 | NW, NWBW, NNW, NEBN | FIRST LIGHT AIRS, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST HAZY, MID AND LATTER FOGGY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41361 | ||||
| 1759-09-08T13:00 | 40.75 | -11.37 | 208 | LIZARD | N24E | 210 | S8W | 100.00 | -17 | NNE, NE, NNE, W, SW | THICK FOGG ALL THIS 24 HOURS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41362 | ||||||
| 1759-09-09T13:00 | 39.67 | -11.25 | 264 | 1.0 | LIZARD | N22E | 223 | S6E | 46.00 | -17 | WSW, SSW, WBN | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MID AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER PART HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41363 | ||||
| 1759-09-10T13:00 | 39.43 | -11.10 | 174 | LIZARD | N21E | 227 | S24E | 16.00 | -17 | WBS, SSW, SBW | HAZY THESE 24 HOURS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41364 | ||||||
| 1759-09-11T13:00 | 38.87 | -10.60 | 62 | 1.0 | ROCK OF LISBON | EBS | 13 | -17 | NBW, SSW, WSW, NEBN, EBN | FIRST AND LATTER PART LIGHT AIRS | FIRST PART HAZY, MID FOGGY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41365 | ||||||
| 1759-09-12T13:00 | 38.22 | -11.17 | 208 | 1.0 | ROCK OF LISBON | N59E | 25 | S34W | 47.00 | -17 | ENE, SEBE, SSE, SSW, SW | LIGTH AIRS | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41366 | ||||
| 1759-09-13T13:00 | 37.32 | -11.97 | 29 | 19.0 | ROCK OF LISBON | N47E | 46 | S35W | 66.00 | -16 | SSW, NE, NE | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS AND CALM, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41367 | |||||
| 1759-09-14T13:00 | 35.73 | -13.20 | 334 | 19.0 | ROCK OF LISBON | N41E | 82 | S32W | 112.00 | -15 | EBN, NE, NBW | FRESH GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41368 | ||||
| 1759-09-15T13:00 | 34.83 | -13.87 | 53 | 19.0 | ROCK OF LISBON | N39E | 103 | S31W | 63.00 | -15 | N, NNW, NNE, ENE | FIRST AND MID LIGHT WINDS, LATTER FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41369 | ||||
| 1759-09-16T13:00 | 33.58 | -14.55 | 30 | 9.3 | ROCK OF LISBON | N36E | 130 | SSW1/4W | 83.00 | -15 | NNW, NBE, NE | FRESH BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41370 | ||||
| 1759-09-17T13:00 | 32.42 | -15.12 | 357 | 19.0 | ROCK OF LISBON | N34E | 155 | S49W | 105.00 | -14 | NE, NEBN, NBE | FRESH GALES | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41371 | ||||
| 1759-09-18T13:00 | 32.45 | -16.92 | 31 | 19.0 | TENERIFFE | NNW | 12 | N88W | 19.00 | -14 | NBE, NNE, NE | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41372 | ||||
| 1759-09-19T13:00 | 29.98 | -16.97 | 54 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N | 50 | S | 151.00 | -14 | NE, EBN, ENE | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41373 | ||||
| 1759-09-20T13:00 | 28.90 | -17.24 | 20 | 2.6 | TENERIFFE | SE | 4 | 1 | S12E | 67.00 | -14 | ENE, E, NEBN | FIRST AND MID FRESH GALES, LATTER LIGHT BREEZES | FIRST AND MID HAZY, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41374 | |||
| 1759-10-03T13:00 | 26.80 | -16.73 | 32 | 9.3 | PICO (TENERIFFE) | N1W | 31 | S1:08E | 94.00 | -13 | ENE, NEBE, NE | FRESH BREEZES | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41375 | ||||
| 1759-10-04T13:00 | 24.77 | -17.33 | 32 | 19.0 | PICO (TENERIFFE) | N13E | 76 | SBW1/4W | 120.00 | -13 | NE, EBN, NE | FRESH GALES | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41376 | ||||
| 1759-10-05T13:00 | 23.47 | -17.73 | 338 | 6.7 | PICO (TENERIFFE) | N14E | 99 | SBW1/2W | 71.00 | -11 | NEBN, NNE, NBW | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41377 | ||||
| 1759-10-06T13:00 | 21.95 | -18.40 | 24 | 6.7 | PICO (TENERIFFE) | N12:13E | 133 | SBW1/2W | 106.00 | -10 | NBW, ENE, NEBN | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41378 | ||||
| 1759-10-07T13:00 | 20.55 | -19.16 | 103 | 19.0 | PICO (TENERIFFE) | N14:14E | 136 | SBW1/2W | 88.00 | -10 | NNE, SEBE, ESE | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41379 | ||||
| 1759-10-08T13:00 | 19.22 | -19.25 | 69 | 6.7 | PICO (TENERIFFE) | N10:19E | 182 | S1/2E | 62.00 | -10 | SEBE, EBS, EBN | MODERATE | A SOUTH SWELL | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41380 | |||
| 1759-10-09T13:00 | 18.13 | -18.19 | 46 | 9.3 | PICO (TENERIFFE) | N3E | 207 | SE1/2S | 106.00 | -10 | ENE, NEBN, NEBE | FRESH BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41381 | ||||
| 1759-10-10T13:00 | 16.92 | -17.79 | 59 | PICO (TENERIFFE) | N2E | 231 | SSE | 79.00 | -9 | NEBN, NEBE, ENE | FIRST PAND MID PART MODERATE BREEZES | FIRST AND MID PART HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41382 | |||||
| 1759-10-11T13:00 | 16.20 | -17.00 | 202 | 9.3 | SENEGALL ENTRANCE | S19E | 23 | SBE | 63.00 | -12 | ENE, NEBN, SWBS | FRESH BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41383 | ||||
| 1759-10-12T00:00 | 23 | 6.7 | PICO (TENERIFFE) | SBE | WSW, NBW, NEBN, NNE | NW | 1.1/2 MPH | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41384 |