García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during CHEROKEE cruise from Plymouth to Charlestown started at 1775-07-08 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747887, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 31.611778 * Median Longitude: -40.882000 * South-bound Latitude: 23.830000 * West-bound Longitude: -78.500000 * North-bound Latitude: 46.480000 * East-bound Longitude: -8.600000
Date/Time Start: 1775-07-08T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1775-09-06T17:00:00
Event(s):
Cherokee_17750708_NMM_ADM/L/C284 * Latitude Start: 50.299000 * Longitude Start: -4.150000 * Latitude End: 31.830000 * Longitude End: -77.920000 * Date/Time Start: 1775-07-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1775-09-06T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Cherokee (Transport), Voyage: Plymouth - Charlestown, 1st Observer: John Ferguson (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 177BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
871 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1775-07-08T13:00 | 46.22 | -8.60 | 238 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N32:00E | 84 | S71:00W | 13.00 | -21 | SW, WSW, WBS | FIRST FRESH BREEZES, MID FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41234 | |||
| 1775-07-09T13:00 | 46.48 | -9.18 | 227 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N34:00E | 93 | N65:20W | 29.00 | -21 | SWBW, WNW, WSW | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MID STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41235 | ||
| 1775-07-10T13:00 | 45.38 | -9.02 | 260 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N32:00E | 107 | S6:00E | 67.00 | -21 | WNW, W, WBN | FIRST MODERATE, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41236 | |||
| 1775-07-11T13:00 | 44.20 | -9.65 | 283 | 15.4 | LIZARD | N28:50E | 128 | S21:00E | 76.00 | -21 | WBN, NWBW | MODEATE GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41237 | |||
| 1775-07-12T13:00 | 43.10 | -10.24 | 283 | 15.4 | CAPE FINNISTER | N82:00E | 14 | S82:00E | 42.00 | -21 | NW, NWBN, NWBW | MODEATE GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41238 | |||
| 1775-07-13T13:00 | 41.70 | -11.59 | 306 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N48:44E | 46 | S34:00W | 102.00 | -20 | N, NBE, NWBN | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MID FRESH GALES | FIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MID CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41239 | |||
| 1775-07-14T13:00 | 40.10 | -13.00 | 296 | 19.0 | CAPE FINNISTER | N41:59E | 83 | S34:00W | 115.00 | -19 | N, NW | FIRST MODERATE, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST FAIR, MID AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41240 | |||
| 1775-07-15T13:00 | 38.53 | -14.35 | 296 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N39:26E | 121 | S34:00W | 113.00 | -19 | NNW, NW | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALES | FIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MID CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41241 | |||
| 1775-07-16T13:00 | 36.62 | -15.19 | 308 | 15.4 | CAPE FINNISTER | N35:52E | 154 | S22:00W | 103.00 | -18 | NW1/2W, W, NWBN | MODERATE GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41242 | |||
| 1775-07-17T13:00 | 35.58 | -15.74 | 252 | 9.3 | CAPE FINNISTER | N34:20E | 176 | S19:00W | 86.00 | -18 | NWBW, NWBN, W | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES, MID LIGHT WINDS | DRIZZLING RAIN | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41243 | ||
| 1775-07-18T13:00 | 34.43 | -17.84 | 332 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N36:55E | 219 | S56:00W | 121.00 | -17 | NEBN, ENE, NBW | FIRST AND MID FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | DRIZZLING RAIN | FIRST AND MID HAZY, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41244 | ||
| 1775-07-19T13:00 | 33.33 | -19.44 | 39 | 19.0 | CAPE FINNISTER | N38:34E | 252 | S50:00W | 103.00 | -17 | EBN, NEBE | FRESH GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41245 | |||
| 1775-07-20T13:00 | 32.62 | -20.44 | 51 | 15.4 | CAPE FINNISTER | N39:23E | 274 | S50:00W | 66.00 | -17 | NE, NBW, ENE | MODERATE GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41246 | |||
| 1775-07-21T13:00 | 32.02 | -21.15 | 8 | 1.0 | CAPE FINNISTER | N39:44E | 291 | S46:00W | 52.00 | -15 | WNW, NNE | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MID LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41247 | |||
| 1775-07-22T13:00 | 30.83 | -22.35 | 289 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N38:31E | 316 | S40:00W | 93.00 | -15 | WBS, NNE, NWBW | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE | RAIN | SWELL FROM THE NNW | FIRST AND LATTER CLOUDY, MID HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41248 | |
| 1775-07-23T14:00 | 29.73 | -23.90 | 346 | 15.4 | CAPE FINNISTER | N41:00E | 347 | S51:00W | 105.00 | -14 | ENE, NEBE, N | MODERATE GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41249 | |||
| 1775-07-24T14:00 | 28.93 | -25.12 | 54 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N41:50E | 388 | S53:00W | 80.00 | -14 | ENE | MODERATE | FIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MID CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41250 | |||
| 1775-07-25T14:00 | 28.08 | -26.54 | 54 | 15.4 | CAPE FINNISTER | N43:00E | 416 | S55:00W | 90.00 | -14 | ENE | MODERATE GALES | FINE PLEASANT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41251 | |||
| 1775-07-26T14:00 | 27.25 | -27.80 | 58 | 15.4 | CAPE FINNISTER | N43:30E | 440 | S54:00W | 84.00 | -10 | ENE | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE GALES, MID MODERATE | FIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MID CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41252 | |||
| 1775-07-27T14:00 | 26.30 | -29.30 | 58 | 15.4 | CAPE FINNISTER | N43:45E | 471 | S52:00W | 92.00 | -10 | ENE | MODERATE GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41253 | |||
| 1775-07-28T14:00 | 25.33 | -30.97 | 58 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N44:32E | 501 | S57:00W | 107.00 | -10 | NEBE, ENE | FIRST AND MID FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41254 | |||
| 1775-07-29T14:00 | 24.93 | -32.52 | 48 | 2.6 | CAPE FINNISTER | N46:16E | 529 | S71:00W | 88.00 | -8 | NEBE | FIRST MODERATE, MID AND LATTER LITTLE WIND | FIRST FAIR, MID AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41255 | |||
| 1775-07-30T14:00 | 24.88 | -35.52 | 48 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N48:33E | 554 | S88:30W | 107.00 | -8 | NEBE | MODERATE | FIRST FAIR, MID AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41256 | |||
| 1775-07-31T14:00 | 24.88 | -36.85 | 48 | 19.0 | CAPE FINNISTER | N57:13E | 585 | W | 127.00 | -8 | NEBE | FIRST MODERATE, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41257 | |||
| 1775-08-01T15:00 | 24.92 | -39.22 | 62 | 6.7 | CAPE FINISTER | N53:20E | 613 | N89:00W | 129.00 | -6 | ENE | FIRST FRESH GALES, MID SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | LIGHTNING TO THE S | FIRST FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 41258 | ||
| 1775-08-02T15:00 | 24.97 | -41.52 | 84 | 6.7 | CAPE FINISTER | N55:20E | 643 | N89:00W | 125.00 | -6 | E | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MID FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41259 | |||
| 1775-08-03T15:00 | 23.98 | -43.42 | 64 | 6.7 | CAPE FINISTER | N55:36E | 680 | N60:00W | 119.00 | -4 | ENE | FIRST FRESH GALES, MID SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | RAIN | FIRST CLOUDY, LATTER HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41260 | ||
| 1775-08-04T15:00 | 23.90 | -45.42 | 41 | 19.0 | CAPE FINISTER | N56:59E | 705 | S87:00W | 110.00 | -4 | NNE, NE | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MID FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41261 | |||
| 1775-08-05T15:00 | 24.00 | -47.55 | 88 | CAPE FINISTER | N58:30E | 738 | N87:00W | 117.00 | -2 | ENE, E | FIRST AND MID MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY | RAIN | FIRST FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41262 | |||
| 1775-08-06T15:00 | 24.02 | -49.79 | 77 | 6.7 | CAPE FINISTER | N60:32E | 780 | W | 123.00 | -2 | EBN | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MID FRESH GALES | FIRST FAIR, MID AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41263 | |||
| 1775-08-07T15:00 | 23.88 | -52.24 | 88 | 19.0 | CAPE FINISTER | N61:26E | 808 | S86:30W | 133.00 | -2 | ENE, E | FRESH GALES WITH SQUALLS | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41264 | |||
| 1775-08-08T16:00 | 23.83 | -54.54 | 78 | 19.0 | CAPE FINISTER | N62:37E | 842 | S88:30W | 126.00 | -1 | EBS, EBN | FRESH GALES WITH SQUALLS | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41265 | |||
| 1775-08-25T17:00 | 29.08 | -68.35 | 237 | 1.0 | CAPE FINNISTER | N73:24E | 988 | N84:00W | 21.00 | 1 | SEBS, NE, SWBW | LIGHT AIRS | GREAT SWELL FROM THE N | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41266 | ||
| 1775-08-26T17:00 | 29.75 | -69.92 | 24 | CAPE FINNISTER | N74:30E | 1006 | N61:00W | 91.00 | 1 | NE, NNE, NNE | FIRST LIGHT AIRS, MID AND LATTER SQUALLY | RAIN | GREAT SWELL FROM THE NE | FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41267 | ||
| 1775-08-27T17:00 | 30.45 | -71.57 | 46 | 19.0 | CAPE FINNISTER | N75:36E | 1027 | N64:00W | 96.00 | 1 | E, NE | FRESH GALES WITH SQUALLS | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41268 | |||
| 1775-08-28T17:00 | 30.55 | -73.19 | 82 | 2.6 | CAPE FINNISTER | N76:03E | 1040 | N86:00W | 83.00 | 3 | SW, NE, EBN | FIRST MODERATE, MID AND LATTER LITTLE WIND | FIRST FAIR, MID AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41269 | |||
| 1775-08-29T17:00 | 30.63 | -74.69 | 71 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N76:26E | 1078 | N86:00W | 78.00 | 3 | ESE, S, ENE | MODERATE | LIGHTNING IN SE QTR | GREAT SWELL FROM SE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 41270 | |
| 1775-08-30T17:00 | 30.68 | -76.20 | 161 | 19.0 | CAPE FINNISTER | N76:36E | 1094 | N88:00W | 78.00 | 3 | S, ESE, SSE | FRESH GALES | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41271 | ||
| 1775-08-31T17:00 | 30.50 | -77.65 | 184 | 22.6 | CAPE FINNISTER | N76:52E | 1118 | S82:00W | 76.00 | 4 | SBE, SE, S | FIRST SQUALLY, MID AND LATTER STRONG GALES AND HEAVY SQUALLS | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41272 | |||
| 1775-09-01T17:00 | 31.05 | -77.99 | 117 | 22.6 | CAPE FINNISTER | N77:27E | 1123 | N26:00W | 36.00 | 4 | SEBE, E, ESE | STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | HARD SHOWERS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41273 | |||
| 1775-09-02T17:00 | 31.60 | -78.29 | 139 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N72:00E | 1116 | N26:00W | 36.00 | 4 | S, SW, SE | FIRST AND MID HARD GALES, LATTER MORE MODERATE | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41274 | ||
| 1775-09-03T17:00 | 32.57 | -77.99 | 227 | 19.0 | CAPE FINNISTER | N73:52E | 1102 | N15:00W | 60.00 | 2 | W, SSW, WSW, SW | FRESH GALES WITH HARD SQUALLS | HARD SHOWERS OF RAIN | GREAT SEA FROM THE W | CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41275 | |
| 1775-09-04T17:00 | 33.22 | -77.95 | 238 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N79:29E | 1094 | N1:00E | 39.00 | 2 | SBW, WNW, WSW, SWBW | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MID STRONG GALES | LIGHTNING TO NW | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 41276 | ||
| 1775-09-05T17:00 | 34.03 | -77.40 | 259 | 6.7 | CAPE FINNISTER | N80:16E | 1084 | N3:00E | 49.00 | 0 | SWBS, NNW, ENE, WBS | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41277 | |||
| 1775-09-06T17:00 | 33.47 | -78.50 | 92 | 19.0 | CAPE FINNISTER | N79:42E | 1107 | S59:00W | 66.00 | 2 | NWBN, NE, E | FIRST LIGHT AIRS, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41278 |