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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during CATHARINA cruise from Batavia to Rotterdam started at 1840-04-23 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747845, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -4.986780 * Median Longitude: 12.436780 * South-bound Latitude: -36.530000 * West-bound Longitude: -40.230000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.170000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.750000
Date/Time Start: 1840-04-23T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-08-22T12:00:00
Event(s):
Catharina_18400423_C_REIS_9_P142-162 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 51.900000 * Longitude End: 3.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1840-04-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-08-22T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Catharina, Voyage: Batavia - Rotterdam, 1st Observer: T. Rietmeijer (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
10 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
11 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
12 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
13 Present weatherwwWeather description
14 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
15 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
16 Cloud typeCloud type
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 CommentComment
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2022 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

-

Watch

Glasses

Decl [deg]
10 
Wind scale ref [#]
11 
Wind dir descr
12 
Wind force descr
13 
ww
14 
Precip descr
15 
State sea descr
16 
Cloud type
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
19 
Rain
20 
Fog
21 
Snow
22 
Thunder
23 
Hail
24 
Sea ice
25 
Comment
26 
ID
1840-04-23T05:00-6.92104.7512512.3VM816ZOTO6000000038421
1840-04-24T05:00-7.75102.20906.7VM804O4H00000000038422
1840-04-25T05:00-8.8599.65569.3VM805NOTO5W00W20V10110000038423
1840-04-26T05:00-9.5897.87566.7VM804NOTO4W20V10H00110000038424
1840-04-27T06:00-10.8096.151239.3VM8-15ZOTO5Z04V03000000038425
1840-04-28T06:00-12.0293.95899.3VM8-15O5W20V10110000038426
1840-04-29T06:00-13.1591.90996.7VM8-24OTZ4W20V04, V10110000038427
1840-04-30T06:00-14.0389.35776.7VM8-24OTN4V03000000038428
1840-05-01T06:00-15.0586.95652.6VM8-32ONO2000000038429
1840-05-02T06:00-15.5585.27652.6VM8-32ONO2V04000000038430
1840-05-03T06:00-15.9783.67426.7VM8-34NO4000000038431
1840-05-04T07:00-16.7381.452909.3VM8-35WNW5V10100000038432
1840-05-05T07:00-18.5879.771299.3VM8-65ZO5W20V10110000038433
1840-05-06T07:00-18.4877.6711812.3VM8-66ZOTO6V03, V10100000038434
1840-05-07T07:00-19.0574.1010712.3VM8-66OZO6000000038435
1840-05-08T07:00-19.3070.5011712.3VM8-76ZOTO6W00V04100000038436
1840-05-09T08:00-19.5867.32929.3VM8-95OTZ5000000038437
1840-05-10T08:00-20.2364.231376.7VM8-94ZOTZ4V04000000038438
1840-05-11T08:00-20.8561.70466.7VM8-104NOTO4V04000000038439
1840-05-12T08:00-21.9259.80244.6VM8-103NOTN3V04000000038440
1840-05-13T08:00-22.6558.032806.7VM8-134WNW4V05, V10100000038441
1840-05-14T08:00-23.9556.071436.7VM8-154ZZO4V04000000038442
1840-05-15T08:00-23.7554.909812.3VM8-156OZO6000000038443
1840-05-16T09:00-25.1552.072812.3VM8-176NO6H01000000038444
1840-05-17T09:00-26.3249.2729812.3VM8-176NW6000000038445
1840-05-18T09:00-27.4846.121844.6VM8-193ZZW3W20V10110000038446
1840-05-19T09:00-28.1545.151129.3VM8-235ZO5V03000000038447
1840-05-20T09:00-27.9742.77452.6VM8-232ONO2W20V10110000038448
1840-05-21T09:00-28.0041.63202.6VM8-252NO2V03, V10100000038449
1840-05-22T09:00-28.4240.47439.3VM8-255ONO5W00W20V04110000038450
1840-05-23T09:00-29.1538.239912.3VM8-256ZOTO6V04000000038451
1840-05-24T10:00-29.8034.7289.3VM8-265NOTN5V04000000038452
1840-05-25T10:00-31.1332.103119.3VM8-275NNW5H01000000038453
1840-05-26T10:00-33.2228.982196.7VM8-294WZW4W30000010038454
1840-05-27T10:00-34.1327.382642.6VM8-292WNW2000000038455
1840-05-28T10:00-34.3826.02162.6VM8-292NO2H00000000038456
1840-05-29T10:00-34.5224.332309.3VM8-295WTZ5Z01000000038457
1840-05-30T10:00-34.4823.503544.6VM8-293NNO3H01000000038458
1840-05-31T10:00-34.8822.922522.6VM8-292WTN2V05000000038459
1840-06-01T11:00-35.2821.23207VM8-29ZWTWW00W20V10110000038460
1840-06-02T11:00-35.1822.332192.6VM8-292WZW2W20V03, V05010000038461
1840-06-03T11:00-35.3821.223312.6VM8-292N2000000038462
1840-06-04T11:00-35.4320.772302.6VM8-292WTZ2V10100000038463
1840-06-05T11:00-35.7020.382642.6VM8-292WNW20000000a trivial correction was made in this observation38464
1840-06-06T11:00-35.8020.822412.6VM8-292W2V03H01000000038465
1840-06-07T11:00-35.4020.932752.6VM8-292NWTW2H01000000038466
1840-06-08T11:00-35.8020.7725230.9VM8-2911WTN11Z01H01000000038467
1840-06-09T11:00-35.7321.3726430.9VM8-2911WNW11Z01V05H01000000038468
1840-06-10T11:00-36.5321.631964.6VM8-293ZW3W20V10110000038469
1840-06-11T11:00-35.9020.871064.6VM8-293ZO3V03000000038470
1840-06-12T11:00-35.1318.922304.6VM8-293WTZ3V03, V04, V05000000038471
1840-06-13T11:00-35.0018.382752.6VM8-292NWTW2V04000000038472
1840-06-14T11:00-34.8817.871624.6VM8-293ZTW3W20V05010000038473
1840-06-15T11:00-35.1317.523092.6VM8-292NNW2000000038474
1840-06-16T11:00-34.1216.721072.6VM8-282ZO2V04000000038475
1840-06-17T11:00-33.6316.422876.7VM8-284NW4V04000000038476
1840-06-18T11:00-31.9315.202204.6VM8-283WZW3W20V10110000038477
1840-06-19T11:00-30.8815.301302.6VM8-282ZZO2V01000000038478
1840-06-20T11:00-30.7814.98859.3VM8-285OZO5V03000000038479
1840-06-21T11:00-29.3013.6710715.4VM8-287ZO7V04000000038480
1840-06-22T11:00-27.2710.407515.4VM8-267OTZ7V05000000038481
1840-06-23T12:00-25.277.33889.3VM8-255OZO5V04, V05000000038482
1840-06-24T12:00-23.134.38999.3VM8-255ZOTO5V03000000038483
1840-06-25T12:00-21.372.181346.7VM8-244ZZO4V05000000038484
1840-06-26T12:00-19.830.18899.3VM8-245OZO5V03000000038485
1840-06-27T12:00-18.28-1.53899.3VM8-245OZO5V04000000038486
1840-06-28T00:00-16.881242.61VM82ZOTO2V05000000038487
1840-07-02T12:00-15.53-6.32686.7VM8-224O4000000038488
1840-07-03T13:00-14.55-7.631046.7VM8-204ZOTO4V05000000038489
1840-07-04T13:00-13.35-9.37939.3VM8-205OZO5000000038490
1840-07-05T13:00-11.78-11.55939.3VM8-205OZO5V04000000038491
1840-07-06T13:00-10.05-13.971069.3VM8-185ZOTO5V04000000038492
1840-07-07T13:00-7.68-15.9511712.3VM8-186ZO6V04000000038493
1840-07-08T13:00-5.82-18.077412.3VM8-166O6000000038494
1840-07-09T13:00-3.90-20.53529.3VM8-165ONO5V04000000038495
1840-07-10T14:00-2.17-22.601329.3VM8-145ZOTZ5V03000000038496
1840-07-11T14:00-0.05-23.481442.6VM8-142ZZO2V04000000038497
1840-07-12T14:001.88-23.821326.7VM8-144ZOTZ4000000038498
1840-07-13T14:003.65-24.721312.6VM8-152ZOTZ2V04000000038499
1840-07-14T14:006.17-25.172666.7VM8-154WTN4W00100000038500
1840-07-15T14:008.23-25.02192.6VM8-152NOTN2W20V10110000038501
1840-07-16T14:009.20-25.321546.7VM8-154ZTO4V03000000038502
1840-07-17T14:009.27-25.852664.6VM8-153WTN3W00W20110000038503
1840-07-18T14:0010.93-25.433342.6VM8-152NTW2V05, V10100000038504
1840-07-19T14:0011.62-24.973562.6VM8-152NTO2H01000000038505
1840-07-20T14:0012.15-24.973112.6VM8-152NWTN2H01000000038506
1840-07-21T14:0012.47-25.350.0VM8-15STIL000000038507
1840-07-22T14:0012.82-25.673552.6VM8-162NTO2000000038508
1840-07-23T14:0013.07-25.973554.6VM8-163NTO3V04000000038509
1840-07-24T14:0013.67-27.10189.3VM8-165NOTN5000000038510
1840-07-25T14:0015.47-28.77319.3VM8-145NO5V05, V10100000038511
1840-07-26T14:0017.58-30.65299.3VM8-165NO5V03000000038512
1840-07-27T14:0019.67-32.05299.3VM8-165NO5V04, V05000000038513
1840-07-28T14:0022.13-33.05439.3VM8-135NOTO5V04, V05000000038514
1840-07-29T14:0024.52-33.87419.3VM8-165NOTO5V04000000038515
1840-07-30T14:0027.28-34.6889.3VM8-165NNO5V04000000038516
1840-07-31T14:0029.43-36.70279.3VM8-185NO5V05000000038517
1840-08-01T15:0031.68-38.50296.7VM8-164NO4000000038518
1840-08-02T15:0033.82-39.85606.7VM8-194OTN4V04000000038519
1840-08-03T15:0035.63-40.122292.6VM8-192WZW2000000038520
1840-08-04T15:0036.15-39.05266.7VM8-194NO4H01000000038521
1840-08-05T15:0037.45-39.42602.6VM8-192OTN2000000038522
1840-08-06T15:0038.32-40.17672.6VM8-232O2000000038523
1840-08-07T15:0039.45-40.20562.6VM8-232OTN2000000038524
1840-08-08T15:0040.20-39.70562.6VM8-232OTN2000000038525
1840-08-09T15:0040.90-39.70222.6VM8-232NO2V04000000038526
1840-08-10T15:0041.55-40.23672.6VM8-232O2V04000000038527
1840-08-11T15:0042.55-39.631634.6VM8-283ZTW3000000038528
1840-08-12T15:0043.12-37.922206.7VM8-284WZW4000000038529
1840-08-13T14:0043.28-35.572316.7VM8-284WTZ4V03H01000000038530
1840-08-14T14:0044.80-32.532209.3VM8-285WZW5W20V04, V10110000038531
1840-08-15T14:0045.88-28.722209.3VM8-285WZW5000000038532
1840-08-16T14:0047.03-24.322539.3VM8-285WTN5W20V05010000038533
1840-08-17T13:0047.83-19.621739.3VM8-305ZZW5000000038534
1840-08-18T13:0048.25-15.481854.6VM8-293ZWTZ3V03H01000000038535
1840-08-19T13:0048.65-11.701536.7VM8-274Z4V05H00000000038536
1840-08-20T12:0049.02-7.401892.6VM8-252ZWTZ2W10V05001000038537
1840-08-21T12:0049.48-4.982236.7VM8-254WZW4V05000000038538
1840-08-22T12:0050.17-2.202139.31VM8-235ZWTW5V04000000038539