Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 40.256957 * Median Longitude: -6.148261 * South-bound Latitude: 35.520000 * West-bound Longitude: -11.820000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.400000 * East-bound Longitude: 5.150000

Date/Time Start: 1836-02-04T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-02-27T00:00:00

Event(s):

Castor_18360204_MAR_D23905_823 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: 41.390000 * Longitude End: 4.940000 * Date/Time Start: 1836-02-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-02-27T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Castor (Korvet), Voyage: Nederland - Marseille, 1st Observer: F.H. Ampt (Kltz), Company: MAR

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
8	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
9	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
10	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
11	Landmark	Landmark		Name of second landmark
12	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the second landmark
13	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the second landmark
14	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
15	Watch	Watch		Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
16	Glasses	Glasses		Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
17	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
18	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
19	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
20	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
21	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
22	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
23	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
24	Present weather	ww		Weather description
25	Precipitation description	Precip descr
26	Cloud type	Cloud type
27	Clearness	Clearness
28	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
29	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
30	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
31	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
32	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
33	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
34	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
35	Comment	Comment
36	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

612 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...)	7 TTT [°C]	8 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	9 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	11 Landmark (Name of second landmark)	12 Bearing (Bearing of the second landmark)	13 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the second landmark)	14 - (1 If position is considered t...)	15 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...)	16 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...)	17 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	18 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	19 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	20 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...)	21 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure)	22 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	23 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	24 ww (Weather description)	25 Precip descr	26 Cloud type	27 Clearness	28 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	29 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	30 Fog (1 If fog was reported)	35 Comment	36 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1836-02-04T12:00	50.40	-1.07	45	6.7	1009.3	8.9	SINGELS, VUURTOREN (11:00)	N	0				1	VM	8	ZW 3/4 W	36.50	-23	48.00	757.00	OTN-ONO	MARSZEILSKOELTE		MOTREGEN	BETROKKEN LUCHT	DIKKE LUCHT	0	1	0	a trivial correction was made in this observation	37605
1836-02-05T12:00	50.17	-4.51	20	9.3	1022.9	8.3	EDDYSTONE (GIS)	NWTW 1/4 W	2				1	VM	8	WZW 7/8 W	48.50	-25	47.00	767.20	NTO-NO	GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN AFNEMENDE KOELTE				DIKKE LUCHT	0	0	0		37606
1836-02-06T12:00	48.33	-7.34	290	4.9	1024.1	11.1	KAAP FINISTERRE (GIS)	ZTW 3/4 W	85					VM	8	ZW 5/8 W	26.50	-25	52.00	768.10	NWTW-NW	FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE	MISTIGE LUCHT			DIKKE LUCHT	0	0	1		37607
1836-02-07T13:00	45.67	-10.59	211	4.6	1028.4	12.8	KAAP FINISTERRE (GIS)	ZTO 1/2 O	39	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	Z 3/4 O	124		VM	8	ZW 1/8 Z	43.00	-25	55.00	771.30	ZWTW	BRAMZEILSKOELTE			BEWOLKTE, OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT		0	0	0		37608
1836-02-08T13:00	43.77	-11.77	290	1.0	1032.0	13.9	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	ZZO 1/2 O	105					VM	8	ZZW 2/3 W	32.00	-25	57.00	774.00	NW	FLAUWE KOELTE			BEWOLKTE LUCHT		0	0	0		37609
1836-02-09T13:00	42.98	-11.72	65	1.0	1027.9	15.6	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	ZTO 2/3 O	90					VM	8	Z 1/3 O	8.25	-25	60.00	770.90	O	FLAUW EN STIL	MISTIGE LUCHT		OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT		0	0	1		37610
1836-02-10T13:00	42.35	-11.82	202	0.0	1026.7	15.0	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	ZZO	85					VM	8	Z	8.00	-23	59.00	770.00	ZW	STIL EN FLAUW			BEWOLKTE LUCHT		0	0	0		37611
1836-02-11T13:00	41.41	-11.41	56	4.6	1032.0	15.0	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	ZZO	69					VM	8	ZTO	13.25	-23	59.00	774.00	NO-OTN	BRAMZEILSKOELTE					0	0	0		37612
1836-02-12T13:00	39.35	-10.67	45	1.0	1028.8	15.6	KAAP ESPICHEL (GIS)	ZO 1/4 O	22	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	ZZO 2/3 O	39		VM	8	ZTO 3/8 O	29.00	-23	60.00	771.60	NNO-ONO	FLAUWE KOELTE			BEWOLKTE LUCHT		0	0	0		37613
1836-02-13T13:00	38.02	-10.16	112	1.0	1024.0	16.1	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	ZO	23					VM	8	ZTO 1/2 O	17.00	-23	61.00	768.00	O-ZO	FLAUWE KOELTE			BEWOLKTE LUCHT		0	0	0		37614
1836-02-14T13:00	37.56	-10.16	67	1.0	1025.2	16.1	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	ZOTO 1/2 O	15					VM	8	ZTO 5/8 O	4.00	-23	61.00	768.90	O	FLAUWE KOELTE			BEWOLKTE LUCHT		0	0	0		37615
1836-02-15T13:00	35.78	-10.18	69	9.3	1027.2	16.7	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	NO	21					VM	8	Z 1/8 O	27.25	-21	62.00	770.40	O	GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN AFNEMENDE KOELTE				HELDERE LUCHT	0	0	0		37616
1836-02-16T13:00	35.57	-9.69	47	2.0	1027.7	16.7	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	NTO 1/2 O	23	KAAP SPARTEL (GIS)	O 1/2 N	43		VM	8	OZO 5/8 O	6.00	-21	62.00	770.80	ONO	FLAUWE AFNEMENDE KOELTE				HELDERE LUCHT	0	0	0		37617
1836-02-17T13:00	35.52	-9.25	24	2.6	1026.7	17.8	KAAP ST VINCENT (GIS)	N W/Z O	21					VM	8	ZO 1/8 O	5.50	-21	64.00	770.00	NOTO-NO	FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE				HELDERE LUCHT	0	0	0		37618
1836-02-18T12:00	35.82	-6.74	295	2.6	1019.7	16.7	TARIFFA (GIS)	O 7/8 N	16	KAAP SPARTEL (GIS)	O IETS Z	12		VM	8	OTN	15.75	-20	62.00	764.80	NW	FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE				HELDERE LUCHT	0	0	0		37619
1836-02-19T12:00	36.46	-3.74	295	4.6	1019.2	16.7							1	VM	8	ONO 1/4 O	14.00	-20	62.00	764.40	NNW-NW	ONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTE				HELDERE LUCHT	0	0	0		37620
1836-02-20T12:00	36.42	-2.71	70	4.9	1017.6	16.1	KAAP DE GATA (GIS)	OTN 3/4 N	15				1	VM	8	O 3/8 Z	11.75	-20	61.00	763.20	O	ONGESTADIGE AANNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTE			BEWOLKTE LUCHT		0	0	0	a trivial correction was made in this observation	37621
1836-02-21T12:00	36.22	-2.14	71	9.3	1020.0	13.9							1	VM	8	ZOTO 1/2 O	9.25	-19	57.00	765.00	NOTO-O	GEREEFRDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN ONGESTADIGE KOELTE	BUIIGE LUCHT		BEWOLKTE LUCHT		1	0	0		37622
1836-02-22T12:00	36.57	-1.72	49	6.7	1022.7	13.9	KAAP DE GATA	NW 3/4 W		KAAP DE PALOS (GIS)	NO 1/3 N	22	1	VM	8	NTO 7/8 O	4.50	-19	57.00	767.00	ONO	ONGELIJKE MARSZEILSKOELTE			BEWOLKTE LUCHT		0	0	0		37623
1836-02-23T12:00	36.85	-1.34	296	1.0	1020.7	14.4	KAAP PALOS (GIS)	NOTN	15				1	VM	8	NOTO 1/8 O	7.50	-19	58.00	765.50	W-NW	FLAUW EN STIL	BUIEN	MET REGEN			1	1	0		37624
1836-02-24T12:00	37.96	0.19	228	2.6	1013.3	15.0	KAAP DE LA NAU (GIS)	NNO 1/2 O	13				1	VM	8	NO 1/4 N	18.75	-20	59.00	760.00	NW-WZW	ONGELIJKE EN FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE				HELDERE LUCHT	0	0	0		37625
1836-02-25T12:00	40.54	1.98	295	9.3	998.0	15.0	BARCELONA (GIS)	NNO 1/4 O	16				1	VM	8	NNO 1/2 O	43.00	-20	59.00	748.50	W-NW	ONGESTADIGE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE				HELDERE LUCHT	0	0	0		37626
1836-02-26T12:00	42.19	5.15	229	9.3	993.2	15.0	MARSEILLE (GIS)	NO 1/4 N	22				1	VM	8	NO 1/2 O	36.00	-19	59.00	744.90	ZW-WZW	GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN MARSZEILSKOELTE			BEWOLKTE LUCHT	HEIIGE LUCHT	0	0	0		37627
1836-02-27T00:00													1	VM	8												0	0	0		37628