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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during CAROLINE cruise from Funchal started at 1799-09-22 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747803, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 34.961017 * Median Longitude: -24.715763 * South-bound Latitude: 29.620000 * West-bound Longitude: -32.430000 * North-bound Latitude: 41.850000 * East-bound Longitude: -17.730000
Date/Time Start: 1799-09-22T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1799-11-19T13:00:00
Event(s):
Caroline_17990922_NMM_ADM/L/C59 * Latitude Start: 32.270000 * Longitude Start: -16.930000 * Latitude End: 32.370000 * Longitude End: -17.820000 * Date/Time Start: 1799-09-22T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1799-11-19T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Caroline, Voyage from: Funchal Towards Azores And Back, 1st Observer: William Bowen (Captain), Company: Royal Navy
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
14 Current speed descriptionV descr
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
17 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
18 ClearnessClearness
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1122 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
14 
V descr
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
Precip descr
17 
State sea descr
18 
Clearness
19 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
20 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
21 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
22 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
23 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
24 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
25 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1799-09-22T13:0031.90-17.732859.3NORTH POINT OF MADEIRASSW46.00-19WBN, WNW, NWBWMODERATE, AT 12 FRESH BREEZESCLEAR, AT 12 HAZY WEATHER000000035761
1799-09-23T13:0031.97-18.253629.3WEST POINT OF MADEIRANEBE13-19NBW, NNW, VARIABLEMODERATE, AT 12 FRESH BREEZESCLEAR, AT 12 HAZY WEATHER000000035762
1799-09-24T13:0032.45-18.77491.0ST MARIESNW1/2W133W1/2S69.00-19NW, NE, ENELIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE000000035763
1799-09-25T13:0033.55-19.95936.7ST MARIESNW3/4W105NW1/2N88.00-20ENE, EBS, ESEFRESH BREEZES, AT 12 MODERATEAT 12 A SWELL FROM THE NORTH000000035764
1799-09-26T13:0033.67-20.132396.7ST MARIESNWBW100NWBN16.00-20SSE, WSW, WBSLIGHT BREEZES, AT 12 MODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY, AT 12 HAZY000000035765
1799-09-27T13:0033.47-20.583629.3ST MARIESNW1/2W94SWBW1/2W25.00-20WNW, WBN, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000035766
1799-09-28T13:0034.70-21.232732.6ST MARIESNWBW72NNW82.00-20WBN, VARIABLE, WNWFRESH BREEZES, AT 7 LIGHT BREEZESAT 7 RAIN010000035767
1799-09-29T13:0034.33-21.713621.0ST MARIESNW3/4W71SSW3/4W25.00-20SE, NWBN, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, AT 12 CALM AM LIGHT AIRSAT 12 CLEAR000000035768
1799-09-30T13:0035.72-22.183629.3ST MARIESWBN3/4N50NBW3/4W94.00-20WBN, WNW, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000035769
1799-10-01T14:0036.05-22.623629.3ST MARIESWBN1/2N40NW1/2W27.00-19W, NNW, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES, AT NOON FRESH BREEZECLOUDY000000035770
1799-10-02T14:0036.52-22.93379.3ST MARIESW3/4N31NNW1/2W32.00-19N, NE, NEBEMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESCLEAR, AM CLOUDY000000035771
1799-10-03T14:0036.85-22.65946.7ST MARIESW1/2N34NE1/4N21.00-19E, NEBE, ESEMODERATECLOUDY000000035772
1799-10-04T14:0037.85-22.981362.6ST MICHAELW31NBW1/4W61.00-22ESE, SE, SSELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY, AM CLEAR000000035773
1799-10-05T14:0037.85-24.301586.7ST MICHAELS, E-POINTW10W62.00-22SSE, SEBS, SMODERATECLEAR000000035774
1799-10-06T14:0039.80-26.282262.6GRACIOSAWSW28NW1/2N150.00-22S, SW, SSW, WSW, WSWFRESH BREEZES, AT NOON LIGHT BREEZESAT NOON RAINCLOUDY010000035775
1799-10-07T14:0040.00-26.832590.0GRACIOSASSW3/4W21NW1/4W33.00-22SW, WBNFRESH BREEZES, AM CALMCLOUDY, AM CLOUDY000000035776
1799-10-08T14:0039.92-28.033509.3GRACIOSASBE1/2E15WBS3/4S57.00-21NNE, SE, E, ENE, NBEFRESH BREEZE, AM FRESH BREEZESRAIN, AM HEAVY RAINCLOUDY010000035777
1799-10-09T14:0039.02-29.62219.0FLORESWBN30SWBW90.00-21NNE, NBE, NE, NNESTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, AM FRESH GALESAM CLOUDY000000035778
1799-10-10T14:0037.33-30.6736212.3FLORESN1/2W47SSW1/2W112.00-18ENE, NEBE, VARIABLESTRONG BREEZESCLOUDY000000035779
1799-10-11T14:0036.60-30.483420.0ST MARIESE1/2N90SBE45.00-18NE, VARIABLE, NMODERATE, CALMCLEAR, CLOUDY000000035780
1799-10-12T14:0036.42-30.5830819.0ST MARIESE3/4N92SWBW9.00-18NNW, WBN, NWBNFRESH BREEZES, FRESH GALES AND SQUALLYCLOUDY000000035781
1799-10-13T14:0034.75-30.2727512.3ST MARIESNEBE1/2E95SBE103.00-18NW, WNWSTRONG BREEZESCLOUDY000000035782
1799-10-14T14:0034.57-28.673626.7ST MARIESNE1/2E82EBS3/4S75.00-18NWBN, NW, VARIABLEMODERATECLOUDY000000035783
1799-10-15T14:0034.52-28.951172.6ST MARIESNEBE1/2E85WSW8.00-18SWBW, NBW, SELIGHT AIRS, AT 12 LIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY, AT 12 HAZY000000035784
1799-10-16T14:0034.80-29.30612.6ST MARIESNBW1/2W100NW1/4N25.00-18SSE, NE, EBNLIGHT AIRS AND SQUALLY, LIGHT BREEZESRAIN010000035785
1799-10-17T14:0035.03-29.501400.0FLORESNEBE1/4E85NW3/4N16.00-18SE, SSELIGHT AIRS AND SQUALLY, AT 10 CALMRAINAT 10 CLEAR010000035786
1799-10-18T14:0034.67-30.433312.6FLORESN1/2W95W1/4S46.00-18NWBN, NW, NBE, NBWCALMS, AM LIGHT BREEZESCLEAR, AM CLOUDY000000035787
1799-10-19T14:0034.83-31.4259.3FLORESN1/4W98W48.00-18N, NEBN, NNEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY000000035788
1799-10-20T14:0035.05-32.22162.6FLORESNBE1/4E108WBN1/2N42.00-18N, NBE, VARIABLE, NEBNMODERATE, AT 8 LIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000035789
1799-10-21T14:0035.17-32.383629.3FLORESNBE1/2E93NWBN9.00-18NEBN, VARIABLEWBS1FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY000000035790
1799-10-22T14:0035.03-32.25619.3FLORESNBE1/4E94SE1/4S9.00-18WBS, NE, EBNLIGHT AIRS, LIGHT BREEZES, FRESH BREEZESSWELL FROM THE NNWHAZY000000035791
1799-10-23T14:0036.33-32.433629.3FLORESNBE3/4E65N1/2W79.00-18EBS, E, VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESSTRONG SWELL FROM THE NBECLOUDY000000035792
1799-10-24T14:0037.37-32.101626.7FLORESNNE1/4E50NBE1/4E64.00-18SSE, SBE, SMODERATECLOUDY000000035793
1799-10-25T14:0037.95-32.222609.3FLORESNNE3/4E38N3/4E34.00-21SSW, SWBW, WBN, WBNMODERATE, FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYRAINCLOUDY010000035794
1799-10-26T14:0039.02-31.831379.3FLORESNE1/2E19NBE1/2E65.00-21SEBS, SE, SSELIGHT BREEZES, AT NOON FRESH BREEZESCLEAR, AT NOON CLOUDY000000035795
1799-10-27T14:0040.95-29.481599.3GRASIOSASE3/4S48NE1/2N100.00-21SSE, S, SEBS, SFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000035796
1799-10-28T14:0041.85-28.321939.3GRASIOSAS3/4E52NE75.00-21SWBS, SSW, SBW, SWBSFRESH BREEZESRAINAM CLEAR010000035797
1799-10-29T14:0040.57-25.6729319.0ST MICHAELSBE1/4S52SEBE1/4E144.00-22SW, WBN, NWFRESH GALESCLOUDY, AT 8 HAZY000000035798
1799-10-30T14:0038.93-23.182939.3ST MICHAELSW1/2S35SE1/2E156.00-22NNW, NBE, NEBN, NWFRESH BREEZESRAIN010000035799
1799-10-31T13:0036.68-21.6334019.0ST MARIESW1/2N50SSE1/2E155.00-20WNW, WBN, NFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000035800
1799-11-01T13:0035.60-21.637019.0ST MARIESNW1/4W39S65.00-20NW, N, EFRESH GALES AND SQUALLYRAIN010000035801
1799-11-02T13:0035.57-21.473622.6ST MARIESNWBW3/4W64SSE220.00-20ENE, NE, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000035802
1799-11-03T14:0036.00-22.602066.7ST MARIESNNW1/2W44NWBW3/4W60.00-19N, SWBW, SWCALM, AM MODERATECLEAR, AM CLOUDY000000035803
1799-11-04T13:0035.28-22.382739.3WEST POINT OF MADEIRASEBE100SBE1/4E36.00-20WSW, W, WNWFRESH BREEZESCLEAR000000035804
1799-11-05T14:0034.08-22.90362WEST POINT OF MADEIRAEBS1/2S95SBW3/4W76.00-19SSE, SEBE, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, AM SQUALLYAM RAIN010000035805
1799-11-06T14:0033.00-23.281276.7PALMAE1/2S122SBW1/2W70.00-19SEBS, SEBSMODERATECLOUDY000000035806
1799-11-07T14:0032.05-23.173622.6PALMAE3/4N108S1/2E53.00-17SBE, ESE, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000035807
1799-11-08T14:0030.97-22.68846.7PALMASEBE1/2E88SSE72.00-17ESE, VARIABLE, EBSMODERATECLOUDY000000035808
1799-11-09T13:0029.95-21.48376.7PALMAEBS3/4S65SE1/4E84.00-19EBN, E, NEBEMODERATECLOUDY000000035809
1799-11-10T13:0030.15-21.30716.7PALMASEBE3/4E64NEBN11.00-19NE, ENE, EMODERATECLOUDY000000035810
1799-11-11T13:0030.12-20.98601.0WEST POINT OF MADEIRANE3/4E88EBS1/2S16.00-19ENE, E, ESE, EBNLIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM000000035811
1799-11-12T13:0029.95-21.15499.3WEST POINT OF MADEIRANE3/4E83SW1/4S13.00-19ENE, E, EBN, ENELIGHT BREEZES, AT 12 FRESH BREEZEAT 12 CLOUDY000000035812
1799-11-13T13:0029.62-20.35330PALMAESE43EBS3/4S44.00-19NE, NEBE, N, NBWMODERATE, AM SQUALLYCLOUDY000000035813
1799-11-14T13:0030.08-19.75379.3WEST POINT OF MADEIRANE1/2N70SE1/4E42.00-19ENE, NBE, NNE, NEBEMODERATE, AT 12 FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYAT 12 RAINCLOUDY010000035814
1799-11-15T13:0030.58-18.953626.7WEST POINT OF MADEIRANE3/4N53NE3/4E50.00-19NBW, NW, NBE, NNE, VARIABLEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY, AT 5 STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, AM MORE MODERATEHEAVY SEA000010035815
1799-11-16T13:0030.55-18.8227419.0WEST POINT OF MADEIRANEBN54SEBE1/4E8.00-19NNE, NBW, WNW, WNWFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, AT 3 CAME ON A VERY HEAVY SQUALLAT 3 RAIN010000035816
1799-11-17T13:0031.32-18.5029622.6WEST POINT OF MADEIRANE1/2N38NBE1/4E49.00-19N, WNW, NW, WBN, NWLIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, AT 12 STRONG GALESAT 8 CLOUDY000000035817
1799-11-18T13:0031.42-18.273626.7WEST POINT OF MADEIRANEBN28NEBE1/4E13.00-19NWBN, N, VARIABLE, NW, VARIABLESTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, AT 8 MODERATERAINAT 8 CLOUDY010000035818
1799-11-19T13:0032.37-17.822296.7WEST POINT OF MADEIRANEBE3/4E9NNE64.00-19NNW, W, WSWMODERATECLEAR000000035819