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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during BUCKINGHAM cruise from Madras to Tillicherry started at 1772-10-07 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747766, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 7.395000 * Median Longitude: 79.924706 * South-bound Latitude: 5.470000 * West-bound Longitude: 76.800000 * North-bound Latitude: 12.630000 * East-bound Longitude: 82.130000
Date/Time Start: 1772-10-07T07:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1772-11-15T00:00:00
Event(s):
Buckingham_17721007_NMM_ADM/L/B195 * Latitude Start: 12.100000 * Longitude Start: 80.500000 * Latitude End: 12.400000 * Longitude End: 74.900000 * Date/Time Start: 1772-10-07T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1772-11-15T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Buckingham (3rd Rate Frigate), Voyage: Madras - Tillicherry, 1st Observer: Francis Ourry (Captain), 2nd Observer: Thomas Farnham (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 64G 1414BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2 LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3 LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4 Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5 Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6 LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
7 BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
8 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
9 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Present weatherwwWeather description
16 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
17 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
18 ClearnessClearness
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
686 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Date/Time		2 
Latitude		3 
Longitude		4 
dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)		5 
ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)		6 
Landmark
(Name of first landmark)		7 
Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)		8 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)		9 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)		10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)		11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)		12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)		13 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)		14 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)		15 
ww
(Weather description)		16 
Precip descr		17 
State sea descr		18 
Clearness		19 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)		20 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)		21 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)		22 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)		23 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)		24 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)		25 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)		26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1772-10-07T07:0012.6380.512252.6FORT ST GEORGEN22W8S22E35.000SBW, WSW, SWLIGHT WINDSCLOUDY000000033328
1772-10-08T07:0011.9580.382362.6FORT ST GEORGEN4W24S10W42.000SSW, SW, SWBWLIGHT WINDSCLOUDY000000033329
1772-10-09T07:0011.3580.263621.5FORT ST GEORGEN31S11W37.000VARIABLELIGHT WINDS INCLINABLE TO CALMCLOUDY000000033330
1772-10-10T07:0010.6580.112706.7FORT ST GEORGEN4E50S12W42.000SW, ESE, WMODERATE BREEZESFAIR000000033331
1772-10-11T07:009.6381.562256.7TRINCOMALEES30W25S18E64.000SSW, SWMODERATE BREEZESFAIR000000033332
1772-10-12T07:008.1881.512486.7TRINCOMALEEN35W10S36E29.000N, SW, WSWMODERATEFAIR000000033333
1772-10-13T07:007.6081.88191TRINCOMALEEN30W25S32E41.000SE, SW, SBWVARIABLETHUNDER AND LIGHTNINGLARGE SWELL FROM SE000010033334
1772-10-14T07:006.5882.13362TRINCOMALEEN28W38S19E46.000VARIABLEVARIABLE000000033335
1772-10-15T07:006.4381.83259DUNDERHEADS32W38S33W32.000SBW, WBSFAIR000000033336
1772-10-16T07:006.1581.50270DUNDERHEADW26S49W26.000SW, WFAIR000000033337
1772-10-17T07:006.0781.38248DUNDERHEADS81W32N24W18.000SW, W, WSWFAIR000000033338
1772-10-18T07:006.2081.523629.3GREAT BASSESW16S110VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESFAIR000000033339
1772-10-19T07:005.9381.4027019.0ELEPHANT ROCKN24W80WSW, WFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000033340
1772-10-20T07:005.5381.5225919.0GREAT BASSESN5W14S7E41.000W, WBN, WBSFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000033341
1772-10-21T07:006.1081.4623619.0ELEPHANT ROCKN44W520WSW, SWBWFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000033342
1772-10-22T07:006.0381.4024819.0ELEPHANT ROCKN6E60W, WSWFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000033343
1772-10-23T07:006.0281.20259ELEPHANT ROCKN40E90WBSVARIABLE WITH SQUALLSRAIN010000033344
1772-10-24T07:005.8880.902362.6DUNDERHEADW7N60SW, NW, SWBWLIGHT BREEZESRAIN010000033345
1772-10-25T07:005.7780.75362DUNDERHEADN27W80VARIABLEVARIABLERAIN010000033346
1772-10-26T07:005.5580.452361.0DUNDERHEADN6E130SW, NW, SWBWLIGHT AIRSFAIR000000033347
1772-10-27T07:005.4780.40326DUNDERHEADN11E130WSW, W, NWBNVARIABLESOME RAIN010000033348
1772-10-28T07:005.6779.0111POINT DE GALEN10E100WBN, N, NBEVARIABLE WITH SQUALLS000000033349
1772-10-29T07:006.2879.152599.3POINT DE GALES12E100WBN, WBSLIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS THE FIRST PART, LATTER FRESH BREEZESFIRST PART HARD RAIN010000033350
1772-10-30T07:007.1579.33225CAPE COMERINN67W40N30W57.000VARIABLE, WBN, SWHEAVY RAINHAZY010000033351
1772-10-31T07:007.6879.01225CAPE COMERINN80W30N30W36.000WNW, SWSQUALLSRAINCLOUDY010000033352
1772-11-01T07:007.2878.71259CAPE COMERINW30N27S36W39.000WNW, W, WBSSQUALLSRAINCLOUDY010000033353
1772-11-02T07:007.0078.083602.6CAPE COMERINN33W23S66W42.000NBW, W, NLIGHT BREEZESRAIN010000033354
1772-11-03T07:006.8577.681132.6CAPE COMERINN11W32S67W26.000NW, ESELIGHT BREEZESRAIN010000033355
1772-11-04T07:007.5277.54135CAPE COMERINN14W8N10W49.000N, SEVARIABLE WITH SQUALLSHEAVY RAINS010000033356
1772-11-05T07:007.7077.2933CAPE COMERINN24E6-1WSW, N, NEBNFAIR000000033357
1772-11-06T07:008.1077.04359CAPE COMERINE1/2N18-1WNW, NW, NA LITTLE RAINFAIR010000033358
1772-11-07T07:007.9776.802926.7CAPE COMERINS85E15-1NW, WNWMODERATECLOUDY000000033359
1772-11-08T07:008.2376.85359CAPE COMERINS78E191-1WNW, WBN, NRAINCLOUDY010000033360
1772-11-09T07:008.3076.90359CAPE COMERINS76E11-1VARIABLE, W, NVARIABLERAIN010000033361
1772-11-10T00:008.2545RUTURA POINTN45E6NWBW, NW, WBS, SE, NEVARIABLERAIN010000033362
1772-11-11T00:008.60259RUTURA POINTESE6W, NE, ENE, WBSSMALL RAINCLOUDY010000033363
1772-11-12T00:009.5711LAND31SW, ESE, NBESMALL RAINCLOUDY010000033364
1772-11-13T00:0010.22349CARNAGE, ENTRANCEE1/2S5WNW, E, NBWSMALL RAINCLOUDY010000033365
1772-11-14T00:0010.85180TANOURE1/2N5NW, NEBN, ESE, SSMALL RAINCLOUDY010000033366
1772-11-15T00:0011.50180TILLICHERRYN1/4W4W, SW, SSMALL RAINCLOUDY010000033367