Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -12.523772 * Median Longitude: 13.583772 * South-bound Latitude: -39.100000 * West-bound Longitude: -43.160000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.180000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000

Date/Time Start: 1840-02-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-07-06T05:00:00

Event(s):

Boreas_18400216_T_REIS_16A_P135-140 * Latitude Start: 50.299000 * Longitude Start: -4.150000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1840-02-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-07-06T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Boreas (Korvet), Voyage: Plymouth - Batavia, 1st Observer: Boelen (Kapitein Ter Zee), Company: MAR

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
8	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
9	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
10	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11	Wind scale reference	Wind scale ref	#	Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
12	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
13	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
14	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
16	Present weather	ww		Weather description
17	Precipitation description	Precip descr
18	Cloud type	Cloud type
19	Clearness	Clearness
20	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
21	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
22	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
23	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
24	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
26	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

2060 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...)	7 TTT [°C]	8 - (1 If position is considered t...)	9 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...)	10 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	11 Wind scale ref [#] (Name of, or reference to the ...)	12 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...)	13 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure)	14 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	15 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	16 ww (Weather description)	17 Precip descr	18 Cloud type	19 Clearness	20 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	21 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	27 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1840-02-16T00:00			146	4.6	1020.7	12.8		ANKER OP EN ONDER ZEIL.		3	55.00	290302.00	ZOTZ	3		W20	V10		0	1	30749
1840-02-17T12:00	50.18	-4.48	144	4.6	1021.4	11.7	1		-25	3	53.00	290305.00	ZTO	3			V01	H01	0	0	30750
1840-02-18T12:00	48.73	-6.53	144	6.7	1021.9	12.2			-25	4	54.00	290307.00	ZTO	4			V00, V04		0	0	30751
1840-02-19T13:00	47.62	-8.22	153	9.3	1024.6	12.2			-27	5	54.00	290406.00	Z	5			V04		0	0	30752
1840-02-20T13:00	45.93	-11.13	223	9.3	1014.4	12.2			-25	5	54.00	290100.00	ZZO, WZW	5	W00	W20			1	1	30753
1840-02-21T13:00	43.72	-13.18	222	9.3	1008.6	11.7			-26	5	53.00	281100.00	WZW	5			V00		0	0	30754
1840-02-22T13:00	42.38	-12.70	201	6.7	1008.6	12.8			-24	4	55.00	281100.00	ZW	3-4			V00	H00	0	0	30755
1840-02-23T13:00	41.42	-12.22	146	9.3					-23	5			ZTO	6-5		W20	V10		0	1	30756
1840-02-24T13:00	41.37	-13.75	145	15.4	1005.7	15.6			-24	7	60.00	281000.00	ZTO	7			V01		0	0	30757
1840-02-25T13:00	40.83	-14.68	156	6.7	1012.5	16.1			-24	4	61.00	290004.00	Z	5-4			V04, V01		0	0	30758
1840-02-26T13:00	40.57	-15.75	21	6.7	1012.0	15.0			-24	4	59.00	290002.00	NO	4	W00	W20	V01		1	1	30759
1840-02-27T13:00	38.90	-16.73	359	9.3	1012.7	15.6			-24	5	60.00	290005.00	NNO	5			V04		0	0	30760
1840-02-28T13:00	36.15	-17.27	113	4.6	1017.3	15.0			-22	3	59.00	290200.00	ZO	3			V10, V03		0	0	30761
1840-02-29T13:00	33.98	-18.40	12	9.3					-22	5			NOTN	5			V04		0	0	30762
1840-03-01T13:00	30.98	-19.67	24	4.6	1026.0	18.3			-21	3	65.00	290500.00	NO	3			V04, V01		0	0	30763
1840-03-02T13:00	28.90	-20.45	148	4.6	1027.0	17.8			-21	3	64.00	290504.00	ZTO	3			V04		0	0	30764
1840-03-03T13:00	27.82	-21.05	182	6.7	1020.2	20.0			-21	4	68.00	290300.00	ZZW	3-4			V10		0	0	30765
1840-03-04T13:00	26.50	-22.20	340	1.0	1015.1	20.0			-20	1	68.00	290103.00	WNW, N	1			V05		0	0	30766
1840-03-05T13:00	26.03	-22.43	340	4.6	1021.7	19.4			-20	3	67.00	290306.00	N	3		W20	V10		0	1	30767
1840-03-06T14:00	23.97	-23.18	15	4.6					-19	3			NOTN	3				H00	0	0	30768
1840-03-07T14:00	21.97	-23.65	39	9.3	1024.6	22.8			-17	5	73.00	290406.00	NOTO	5			V01		0	0	30769
1840-03-08T14:00	19.68	-24.40	84	9.3	1023.6	23.3			-17	5	74.00	290402.00	OTZ	5			V01		0	0	30770
1840-03-09T14:00	17.32	-25.85	74	9.3	1022.2	23.3			-16	5	74.00	290308.00	O	5			V01, V04		0	0	30771
1840-03-10T14:00	14.17	-25.93	74	6.7	1011.5	23.9			-16	4	75.00	290000.00	O	4			V00	H00	0	0	30772
1840-03-11T14:00	11.63	-24.87	64	6.7	1022.4	25.0			-15	4	77.00	290309.00	OTN	4			V00		0	0	30773
1840-03-12T14:00	8.90	-23.77	53	6.7					-15	4			ONO	4			V00, V01		0	0	30774
1840-03-13T14:00	6.80	-23.20	53	6.7					-15	4			ONO	4		W20	V01		0	1	30775
1840-03-14T13:00	3.98	-22.47	28	4.6					-17	3			ZO, NO	3		W20	V05, V10		0	1	30776
1840-03-15T13:00	2.47	-22.05	74	1.0					-16	1			O	1		W20			0	1	30777
1840-03-16T13:00	2.43	-22.02	175	6.7					-16	4			ZTW	4			V04		0	0	30778
1840-03-17T14:00	1.42	-23.33	76	1.0					-14	1			O	1				H01	0	0	30779
1840-03-18T14:00	1.13	-23.43	155	4.6	1038.1	27.2			-14	3	81.00	290902.00	ZTO	3			V00		0	0	30780
1840-03-19T14:00	-0.50	-24.00	144	9.3					-14	5			ZZO	5			V00		0	0	30781
1840-03-20T14:00	-0.97	-25.42	144	6.7					-14	4			ZZO	4			V01		0	0	30782
1840-03-21T14:00	-2.70	-27.15	122	6.7					-13	4			ZO	4			V00		0	0	30783
1840-03-22T14:00	-4.38	-28.68	148	6.7					-10	4			ZZO	4			V00		0	0	30784
1840-03-23T14:00	-6.58	-30.62	103	4.6	1019.3	28.3			-10	3	83.00	290208.00	OZO	3			V01		0	0	30785
1840-03-24T14:00	-8.83	-31.77	80	6.7					-10	4			O	4			V00, V04		0	0	30786
1840-03-25T14:00	-10.60	-32.37	80	4.6					-10	3			O	4-3			V00		0	0	30787
1840-03-26T14:00	-12.68	-32.98	107	6.7					-6	4			OZO	4			V01		0	0	30788
1840-03-27T14:00	-14.80	-33.62	107	9.3	1020.7	27.8			-6	5	82.00	290302.00	OZO	5		W20	V10		0	1	30789
1840-03-28T14:00	-17.28	-34.97	39	9.3	1021.0	27.5			-6	5	81.50	290303.00	NO	5			V10, V03		0	0	30790
1840-03-29T14:00	-19.77	-36.67	175	4.6					-5	3			NO, Z	3		W20	V10		0	1	30791
1840-03-30T15:00	-21.22	-37.73	43	1.0					-2	1			NO	1			V00, V04		0	0	30792
1840-03-31T15:00	-21.48	-37.93	189	4.6	1026.0	26.1			-2	3	79.00	290500.00	ZTW	3			V00		0	0	30793
1840-04-01T15:00	-21.73	-38.72	223	1.0					-2	1			ZW	1		W20			0	1	30794
1840-04-02T15:00	-21.93	-39.58	178	4.6					-2	3			WZW, Z	3			V01		0	0	30795
1840-04-03T15:00	-22.53	-39.93	315	1.0					0	1			ZZO, NW	1			V00, V04		0	0	30796
1840-04-04T15:00	-23.13	-41.38	45	6.7					0	4			NO	3-4			V00		0	0	30797
1840-04-05T15:00	-22.90	-43.16	138				1		3				ZO						0	0	30798
1840-05-02T00:00			315	6.7						4			NO, NW	1-4			V00		0	0	30799
1840-05-03T15:00	-23.08	-43.05	138	6.7					3	4			ONO, ZO	4		W20	V01		0	1	30800
1840-05-04T15:00	-25.50	-42.17	68	9.3					0	5			ONO	5			V01		0	0	30801
1840-05-05T15:00	-27.90	-40.35	24	6.7	1025.1	23.9			1	4	75.00	290408.00	NNO	4			V00		0	0	30802
1840-05-06T15:00	-29.32	-37.65	12	9.3					1	5			NTO	5			V04		0	0	30803
1840-05-07T14:00	-30.02	-34.35	21	9.3					-2	5			NNO	5			V00, V04		0	0	30804
1840-05-08T14:00	-30.95	-30.72	354	15.4					-6	7			N	7			V04		0	0	30805
1840-05-09T14:00	-31.40	-26.73	194	6.7					-9	4			NW, ZZW	4			V05		0	0	30806
1840-05-10T14:00	-32.00	-22.58	2	9.3					-9	5			NTO	5			V01		0	0	30807
1840-05-11T13:00	-31.87	-20.62	359	9.3					-12	5			NTO	5			V04		0	0	30808
1840-05-12T13:00	-32.53	-17.32	346	9.3					-14	5			N	5			V04		0	0	30809
1840-05-13T13:00	-33.10	-13.35	346	9.3					-14	5			N	5			V05		0	0	30810
1840-05-14T13:00	-33.48	-9.63	321	9.3					-17	5			NNW	5			V00		0	0	30811
1840-05-15T12:00	-33.83	-4.92	149	12.3					-20	6			ZTO	5-6			V10, V03		0	0	30812
1840-05-16T12:00	-33.35	-1.77	112	12.3					-23	6			ZO	6			V01		0	0	30813
1840-05-17T12:00	-32.23	-0.40	89	12.3	1031.9	17.2			-24	6	63.00	290700.00	OZO	6			V01		0	0	30814
1840-05-18T12:00	-33.77	0.03	56	6.7	1034.8	17.8			-23	4	64.00	290800.00	OTN	4			V00		0	0	30815
1840-05-19T12:00	-35.47	0.68	33	1.0	1033.8	17.2			-23	1	63.00	290708.00	NOTO	1			V00		0	0	30816
1840-05-20T12:00	-35.93	1.80	33	4.6	1031.9	17.8			-23	3	64.00	290700.00	NOTO	3					0	0	30817
1840-05-21T12:00	-36.43	3.38	31	4.6	1026.0	17.8			-25	3	64.00	290500.00	NOTO	3			V04		0	0	30818
1840-05-22T12:00	-36.78	4.95	110	9.3	1020.2	17.2			-25	5	63.00	290300.00	ZO	5			V05	H00	0	0	30819
1840-05-23T12:00	-38.07	4.72	156	9.3	1026.0	16.1			-24	5	61.00	290500.00	Z	5		W20			0	1	30820
1840-05-24T12:00	-37.30	6.62	178	12.3	1020.2	15.6			-25	6	60.00	290300.00	ZZW	5-6		W20	V04		0	1	30821
1840-05-25T11:00	-37.17	10.32	153	9.3	1020.2	17.2			-27	5	63.00	290300.00	Z	5			V04		0	0	30822
1840-05-26T11:00	-36.57	13.78	220	4.6	1023.1	17.2			-28	3	63.00	290400.00	WZW	3			V00		0	0	30823
1840-05-27T11:00	-36.50	15.57	17	4.6	1020.2	16.7			-28	3	62.00	290300.00	NO	3			V07		0	0	30824
1840-05-28T11:00	-36.92	17.02	17	9.3	1021.7	18.3			-28	5	65.00	290306.00	NO	5			V00		0	0	30825
1840-05-29T11:00	-37.82	20.87	286	12.3	1012.2	19.4			-29	6	67.00	290003.00	NW	6			V10		0	0	30826
1840-05-30T10:00	-38.63	25.20	206	6.7	1012.2	18.3			-30	4	65.00	290003.00	ZWTW	4			V04		0	0	30827
1840-05-31T10:00	-38.57	29.52	14	15.4	1028.9	14.4			-31	7	58.00	290600.00	NO	6-7			V00, V04		0	0	30828
1840-06-01T10:00	-39.10	33.22	239	4.6	1015.9	17.8			-31	3	64.00	290106.00	W	3			V04		0	0	30829
1840-06-02T10:00	-39.05	36.65	3	4.6	1015.9	15.6			-31	3	60.00	290106.00	NOTN	3			V04		0	0	30830
1840-06-03T09:00	-38.33	40.50	263	9.3	1015.9	17.2			-30	5	63.00	290106.00	WNW	5			V00		0	0	30831
1840-06-04T09:00	-38.22	43.37	196	12.3	1018.0	16.1			-29	6	61.00	290203.00	ZW	6			V10		0	0	30832
1840-06-05T09:00	-37.47	48.32	43	9.3	1027.5	13.3			-25	5	56.00	290506.00	ONO	5			V04		0	0	30833
1840-06-06T09:00	-37.57	50.85	231	22.6	1014.4	15.0			-28	9	59.00	290100.00	WTZ	9			V10		0	0	30834
1840-06-07T08:00	-37.97	54.22	266	9.3	1005.7	15.0			-27	5	59.00	281000.00	WNW	5			V00		0	0	30835
1840-06-08T08:00	-37.27	57.17	270	9.3	1018.8	15.0			-23	5	59.00	290206.00	WNW	5			V01		0	0	30836
1840-06-09T08:00	-36.62	61.87	294	9.3	1015.9	16.7			-22	5	62.00	290106.00	NW	5			V00		0	0	30837
1840-06-10T08:00	-37.00	65.80	295	12.3	1015.4	16.7			-20	6	62.00	290104.00	NW	6			V00	H00	0	0	30838
1840-06-11T07:00	-36.90	70.68	274	12.3	1017.3	17.8			-19	6	64.00	290200.00	WNW	7-6			V04		0	0	30839
1840-06-12T07:00	-36.82	74.75	309	12.3	1023.1	17.2			-17	6	63.00	290400.00	NWTN	6				H01	0	0	30840
1840-06-13T07:00	-36.67	79.08	209	9.3	1016.3	17.8			-16	5	64.00	290108.00	ZW	5			V04		0	0	30841
1840-06-14T06:00	-35.50	82.72	233	9.3	1016.3	15.6			-15	5	60.00	290108.00	WZW	5			V00, V01		0	0	30842
1840-06-15T06:00	-34.50	86.22	323	1.0	1021.7	14.4			-15	1	58.00	290306.00	NNW	1			V01		0	0	30843
1840-06-16T06:00	-33.62	88.15		0.0	1015.1	15.0			-14	0	59.00	290103.00		STIL			V00		0	0	30844
1840-06-17T06:00	-33.00	89.32		0.0	1026.8	15.0			-14		59.00	290503.00		STIL					0	0	30845
1840-06-18T06:00	-33.22	89.77	87	12.3	1032.6	15.0			-14	6	59.00	290703.00	OTZ	6		W20			0	1	30846
1840-06-19T06:00	-31.55	89.92	24	15.4	1024.6	17.2			-10	7	63.00	290406.00	NOTN	7			V04		0	0	30847
1840-06-20T06:00	-32.22	90.73	305	1.0	1020.2	19.4			-10	1	67.00	290300.00	NW	1			V03		0	0	30848
1840-06-21T06:00	-32.47	92.30	125	9.3	1023.9	19.4			-10	5	67.00	290403.00	ZO	5			V01		0	0	30849
1840-06-22T06:00	-30.48	94.32	126	9.3	1030.4	18.9			-9	5	66.00	290606.00	ZO	5			V01		0	0	30850
1840-06-23T06:00	-27.85	96.62	14	4.6	1030.4	18.9			-9	3	66.00	290606.00	OZO, NNO	3			V04		0	0	30851
1840-06-24T06:00	-25.27	97.47	117	4.6	1029.9	20.0			-7	3	68.00	290604.00	ZOTO	3			V04		0	0	30852
1840-06-25T05:00	-23.90	98.25		0.0	1027.0	21.7			-6	0	71.00	290504.00		STIL			V09, V00		0	0	30853
1840-06-26T05:00	-23.02	98.55	73	4.6	1028.0	22.8			-6	3	73.00	290508.00	OTN	3			V01		0	0	30854
1840-06-27T05:00	-22.30	98.68	75	4.6	1021.7	22.8			-4	3	73.00	290306.00	OTN	3			V00		0	0	30855
1840-06-28T05:00	-20.85	99.12	97	9.3	1022.2	23.3			-4	5	74.00	290308.00	OTZ	5			V01		0	0	30856
1840-06-29T05:00	-18.97	99.72	120	9.3	1022.2	24.4			-4	5	76.00	290308.00	ZOTO	5			V04		0	0	30857
1840-06-30T05:00	-17.13	101.00	122	6.7	1023.1	25.0			-2	4	77.00	290400.00	ZOTO	4			V00, V04		0	0	30858
1840-07-01T05:00	-14.97	102.43	99	9.3	1020.2	25.0			-2	5	77.00	290300.00	OTZ	5			V01		0	0	30859
1840-07-02T05:00	-12.88	103.23	88	9.3	1018.8	26.1			-2	5	79.00	290206.00	O	5			V04, V00		0	0	30860
1840-07-03T05:00	-10.97	103.83	113	9.3	1015.9	27.2			0	5	81.00	290106.00	OZO	5			V00		0	0	30861
1840-07-04T05:00	-8.80	104.35	135	9.3	1020.2	27.2			0	5	81.00	290300.00	ZO	5			V01		0	0	30862
1840-07-05T05:00	-6.53	105.33	249	4.6	1024.6	28.3	1		1	3	83.00	290406.00	Z, WZW	1-3				H01	0	0	30863
1840-07-06T05:00	-6.10	106.86	136		1016.3	30.0	1		1		86.00	290108.00	ZO					H01	0	0	30864