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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during BELLONA cruise from Coastal Indonesian Archipelago started at 1840-07-05 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747647, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -3.452500 * Median Longitude: 101.967500 * South-bound Latitude: -5.590000 * West-bound Longitude: 100.300000 * North-bound Latitude: -1.350000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.130000
Date/Time Start: 1840-07-05T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-07-09T05:00:00
Event(s):
Bellona_18400705_17+_REIS_19 * Latitude Start: -6.700000 * Longitude Start: 112.720000 * Latitude End: -5.590000 * Longitude End: 104.130000 * Date/Time Start: 1840-07-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-07-09T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Bellona (Fregat), Voyage from: Coastal Indonesian Archipelago, 1st Observer: V.D. Ramhorst (Ltz. 1E Kl.), Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2 LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3 LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4 Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5 Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6 Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7 Temperature, airTTT°C
8 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
9 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
10 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
11 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
15 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
16 FogFog1 If fog was reported
17 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
18 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
19 HailHail1 If hail was reported
20 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
21 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
72 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Date/Time		2 
Latitude		3 
Longitude		4 
dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)		5 
ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)		6 
PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)		7 
TTT [°C]		8 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)		9 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)		10 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)		11 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)		12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)		13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)		14 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)		15 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)		16 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)		17 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)		18 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)		19 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)		20 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)		21 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1840-07-05T05:00-1.35100.303179.31002.428.92584.0029.60NW5000000028367
1840-07-06T05:00-2.00100.473179.31007.527.22581.0029.75NW5000000028368
1840-07-08T05:00-4.87102.973059.31002.427.21581.0029.60NWTW5000000028369
1840-07-09T05:00-5.59104.132719.31004.127.21581.0029.65W5000000028370