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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during BATAVIA cruise from Batavia to Rotterdam started at 1840-06-06 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747602, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -1.195563 * Median Longitude: 9.652324 * South-bound Latitude: -36.420000 * West-bound Longitude: -37.450000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.050000 * East-bound Longitude: 103.970000
Date/Time Start: 1840-06-06T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-10-28T12:00:00
Event(s):
Batavia_18400606_C_REIS_11_P169-179 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 51.900000 * Longitude End: 3.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1840-06-06T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-10-28T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Batavia, Voyage: Batavia - Rotterdam, 1st Observer: J.A. Pronk (Kapitein), Other ship information: REIS 11, P. 169-179
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Present weatherwwWeather description
16 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
17 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
18 Cloud typeCloud type
19 ClearnessClearness
20 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
21 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
22 FogFog1 If fog was reported
23 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
24 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25 HailHail1 If hail was reported
26 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27 CommentComment
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2682 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

PPPP [hPa]

-

Watch

Glasses
10 
Decl [deg]
11 
Wind scale ref [#]
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
13 
Wind dir descr
14 
Wind force descr
15 
ww
16 
Precip descr
17 
State sea descr
18 
Cloud type
19 
Clearness
20 
Gusts
21 
Rain
22 
Fog
23 
Snow
24 
Thunder
25 
Hail
26 
Sea ice
27 
Comment
28 
ID
1840-06-06T05:00-6.57103.971596.7VM814ZZO4V01000000025094
1840-06-07T05:00-7.28101.171366.7VM814ZO4000000025095
1840-06-08T05:00-8.2598.581352.6VM802ZO2V01000000025096
1840-06-09T06:00-9.1596.58672.6VM8-12ONO2000000025097
1840-06-10T06:00-9.8794.871009.3VM8-15OTZ5000000025098
1840-06-11T06:00-10.6092.921579.3VM8-15ZZO5000000025099
1840-06-12T06:00-11.5589.801796.7VM8-14Z4W20V10110000025100
1840-06-13T06:00-12.2386.4215712.3VM8-16ZZO6000000025101
1840-06-14T06:00-13.1383.4315512.3VM8-36ZZO6000000025102
1840-06-15T07:00-13.8380.1015512.3VM8-36ZZO6000000025103
1840-06-16T07:00-14.6076.7515412.31015.3VM8-4629.98ZZO6W20V10110000025104
1840-06-17T07:00-15.2773.981429.31012.6VM8-4529.90ZOTZ5W20V05010000025105
1840-06-18T07:00-16.2570.821752.61016.0VM8-5230.00Z2000000025106
1840-06-19T07:00-16.6868.851866.71016.0VM8-5430.00ZTW4V10100000025107
1840-06-20T08:00-17.0066.5512912.31017.7VM8-6630.05ZO6000000025108
1840-06-21T08:00-18.1063.701379.31019.4VM8-9530.10ZOTZ5000000025109
1840-06-22T08:00-19.2261.671369.31019.4VM8-10530.10ZOTZ5V10100000025110
1840-06-23T08:00-20.5759.521486.71024.5VM8-10430.25ZZO4V04000000025111
1840-06-24T08:00-21.8757.151012.61022.8VM8-12230.20OZO2V04000000025112
1840-06-25T08:00-23.3555.12984.61026.1VM8-15330.30OZO3000000025113
1840-06-26T08:00-24.6554.43869.31022.8VM8-15530.20OTZ5V10100000025114
1840-06-27T09:00-25.6751.681184.61022.8VM8-17330.20ZO3W00W20110000025115
1840-06-28T09:00-26.7350.481189.31022.8VM8-17530.20ZO5W20010000025116
1840-06-29T09:00-27.8848.1511412.31012.6VM8-21629.90ZO6W20V10110000025117
1840-06-30T09:00-28.7845.436712.31025.5VM8-23630.28O6000000025118
1840-07-01T09:00-28.5843.08566.71026.1VM8-23430.30OTN4V10100000025119
1840-07-02T09:00-28.5041.37659.31019.4VM8-25530.10O5W00, W30W22110010025120
1840-07-03T09:00-28.5838.60659.31022.8VM8-25530.20O5000000025121
1840-07-04T10:00-29.6035.133454.61026.1VM8-26330.30NTO3000000025122
1840-07-05T10:00-30.3233.932444.61022.8VM8-26330.20W3V01000000025123
1840-07-06T10:00-30.9033.772226.71019.4VM8-26430.10WZW4W33000010025124
1840-07-07T10:00-32.0532.382432.61012.6VM8-27229.90W2V05000000025125
1840-07-08T10:00-31.4531.902882.61010.9VM8-27229.85NW2W20010000025126
1840-07-09T10:00-31.2231.553566.71019.4VM8-27430.10NNO4000000025127
1840-07-10T10:00-32.5730.232412.61021.1VM8-29230.15W2W30000010025128
1840-07-11T10:00-33.6329.62272.61027.8VM8-29230.35NOTO2000000025129
1840-07-12T10:00-34.5528.00612.61026.1VM8-29230.30O2V04000000025130
1840-07-13T10:00-35.8325.8027512.31016.0VM8-29630.00NWTW6V10100000025131
1840-07-14T10:00-34.4224.972642.61016.0VM8-29230.00WNW2V05000000025132
1840-07-15T10:00-34.3325.133096.71016.0VM8-29430.00NNW4000000025133
1840-07-16T10:00-34.5023.352414.61002.4VM8-29329.60W3W20010000025134
1840-07-17T10:00-35.3724.822526.71012.6VM8-29429.90WTN4V01000000025135
1840-07-18T10:00-34.8324.302644.61024.5VM8-29330.25WNW3V04000000025136
1840-07-19T10:00-34.9023.101062.61029.5VM8-29230.40ZO2000000025137
1840-07-20T10:00-34.9322.752644.61026.1VM8-29330.30WNW3W20V01, V05, V10110000025138
1840-07-21T11:00-35.1221.932412.61022.8VM8-29230.20W2000000025139
1840-07-22T11:00-34.8021.4730912.31019.4VM8-29630.10NNW6V05000000025140
1840-07-23T11:00-35.8820.771966.71012.6VM8-29429.90ZW4V10100000025141
1840-07-24T11:00-34.9520.622524.61029.5VM8-29330.40WTN3W00W20110000025142
1840-07-25T11:00-35.1220.222644.61029.5VM8-29330.40WNW3V01000000025143
1840-07-26T11:00-35.4720.632752.61026.1VM8-29230.30NWTW2V01000000025144
1840-07-27T11:00-35.6820.2325222.61016.0VM8-29930.00WTN9W20V10110000025145
1840-07-28T11:00-35.7519.172866.71016.0VM8-29430.00NW4V01, V05000000025146
1840-07-29T11:00-35.6518.2724126.81014.3VM8-291029.95W10W20V05010000025147
1840-07-30T11:00-36.4215.502424.61009.2VM8-28329.80W3000000025148
1840-07-31T11:00-34.3815.902876.71029.5VM8-28430.40NW4V05, V10100000025149
1840-08-01T11:00-34.7314.7322030.91021.1VM8-281130.15WZW11W00Z01V10110000025150
1840-08-02T11:00-35.7014.3319719.01005.8VM8-28829.70ZW8V04000000025151
1840-08-03T11:00-34.5813.722872.61022.8VM8-28230.20NW2V01, V05000000025152
1840-08-04T11:00-33.6813.732652.61019.4VM8-28230.10WNW2000000025153
1840-08-05T11:00-34.3211.871536.71007.5VM8-27429.75Z4V01000000025154
1840-08-06T11:00-31.9311.42862.61027.8VM8-27230.35OZO2000000025155
1840-08-07T11:00-30.9010.832542.61025.5VM8-27230.28WTN2000000025156
1840-08-08T11:00-30.0810.321646.71022.8VM8-27430.20ZTW4V01000000025157
1840-08-09T11:00-28.158.03979.31027.8VM8-27530.35ZOTO5V04000000025158
1840-08-10T12:00-26.237.101106.71024.5VM8-25430.25ZO4V01000000025159
1840-08-11T12:00-24.075.121106.71024.5VM8-25430.25ZO4000000025160
1840-08-12T12:00-22.603.25432.61022.1VM8-25230.18ONO2V01000000025161
1840-08-13T12:00-21.952.253022.61019.4VM8-24230.10NWTN2000000025162
1840-08-14T12:00-21.622.631782.61019.4VM8-25230.10ZZW2V01000000025163
1840-08-15T12:00-20.872.131112.61019.4VM8-24230.10ZO2V01000000025164
1840-08-16T12:00-19.950.681006.71019.4VM8-24430.10ZOTO4V05000000025165
1840-08-17T12:00-18.90-1.231006.71021.1VM8-24430.15ZOTO4V05000000025166
1840-08-18T12:00-17.60-2.501116.71022.8VM8-24430.20ZO4H00000000025167
1840-08-19T12:00-16.02-3.731694.61019.4VM8-22330.10ZTW3V03000000025168
1840-08-20T12:00-16.15-5.721019.4VM8-2230.10000000025169
1840-08-21T00:00000000025170
1840-08-22T00:00000000025171
1840-08-23T12:00-15.05-6.771136.71021.1VM8-22430.15ZO4000000025172
1840-08-24T13:00-13.65-8.681046.71022.8VM8-20430.20ZOTO4V01000000025173
1840-08-25T13:00-12.23-11.00709.31022.8VM8-20530.20O5V10100000025174
1840-08-26T13:00-10.83-12.77959.31022.8VM8-18530.20OZO5V10100000025175
1840-08-27T13:00-9.20-14.681179.31022.8VM8-18530.20ZO5000000025176
1840-08-28T13:00-8.17-16.281064.61021.1VM8-18330.15ZOTO3000000025177
1840-08-29T13:00-6.83-17.701082.61032.9VM8-16230.50ZOTO2000000025178
1840-08-30T13:00-4.93-19.271196.71016.0VM8-16430.00ZO4V10100000025179
1840-08-31T13:00-3.18-20.43749.31021.1VM8-16530.15O5V02000000025180
1840-09-01T14:00-1.28-22.95769.31019.4VM8-14530.10O5000000025181
1840-09-02T14:000.57-24.33766.71019.4VM8-14430.10O4H00000000025182
1840-09-03T14:002.57-25.681439.31016.0VM8-15530.00ZZO5V01000000025183
1840-09-04T14:004.82-26.231319.31016.0VM8-15530.00ZOTZ5H00000000025184
1840-09-05T14:006.97-26.521544.61016.0VM8-15330.00ZTO3V00000000025185
1840-09-06T14:008.33-26.233232.61016.0VM8-15230.00NNW2W00W20110000025186
1840-09-07T14:008.97-26.422339.31016.0VM8-15530.00WZW5000000025187
1840-09-08T14:0010.60-26.372334.61016.0VM8-15330.00WZW3000000025188
1840-09-09T14:0011.88-26.683112.61017.7VM8-15230.05NWTN2000000025189
1840-09-10T14:0012.25-26.60306.71016.0VM8-15430.00NO4000000025190
1840-09-11T14:0012.93-27.68549.31016.0VM8-14530.00ONO5V01000000025191
1840-09-12T14:0015.25-29.633112.31016.0VM8-14630.00NO6V04000000025192
1840-09-13T14:0017.50-31.73299.31016.0VM8-16530.00NO5000000025193
1840-09-14T14:0019.65-33.453212.31016.0VM8-13630.00NO6V00000000025194
1840-09-15T14:0021.85-35.28329.31019.4VM8-13530.10NO5V04000000025195
1840-09-16T14:0023.83-36.80302.61021.1VM8-16230.15NO2V05000000025196
1840-09-17T14:0025.10-37.451884.61019.4VM8-16330.10ZZW3W20010000025197
1840-09-18T14:0027.57-37.071289.31017.7VM8-18530.05ZOTZ5V000000000a trivial correction was made in this observation25198
1840-09-19T14:0029.02-36.531286.71022.8VM8-18430.20ZOTZ4H00000000025199
1840-09-20T14:0031.32-35.57504.61026.1VM8-18330.30ONO3V01000000025200
1840-09-21T14:0032.75-35.733392.61029.5VM8-21230.40N2V00H00000000025201
1840-09-22T14:0033.67-36.5224.61027.8VM8-21330.35NNO3V00, V01000000025202
1840-09-23T14:0033.83-35.22354.61022.8VM8-21330.20NOTO3V00, V01000000025203
1840-09-24T14:0033.43-33.73804.61022.8VM8-21330.20OTZ3H00000000025204
1840-09-25T14:0034.93-33.831826.71022.8VM8-21430.20ZZW4000000025205
1840-09-26T14:0035.88-33.181824.61026.1VM8-21330.30ZZW3W20H00010000025206
1840-09-27T14:0037.18-32.732049.31024.5VM8-21530.25ZW5V05000000025207
1840-09-28T14:0039.23-31.352919.31021.1VM8-24530.15NW5W20010000025208
1840-09-29T14:0040.62-29.95214.61017.7VM8-24330.05NO3V10100000025209
1840-09-30T14:0040.68-28.05442.61017.7VM8-24230.05ONO2000000025210
1840-10-01T14:0040.00-25.981102.61017.7VM8-25230.05ZO2V01000000025211
1840-10-02T14:0040.50-25.73999.31016.0VM8-25530.00ZOTO5000000025212
1840-10-03T14:0042.15-23.629912.31010.9VM8-25629.85ZOTO6W30000010025213
1840-10-04T13:0044.12-21.051874.61009.2VM8-27329.80ZWTZ3W20V04010000025214
1840-10-05T13:0045.25-19.5733322.61009.2VM8-27929.80N9W20V10110000025215
1840-10-06T13:0045.52-17.1715422.61002.4VM8-26929.60Z9000000025216
1840-10-07T13:0046.07-13.986422.6999.1VM8-26929.50O9000000025217
1840-10-08T13:0046.45-14.78539.31009.2VM8-26529.80OTN5000000025218
1840-10-09T13:0046.57-15.57426.71012.6VM8-26429.90ONO4V10100000025219
1840-10-10T13:0045.72-15.186412.31014.3VM8-26629.95O6000000025220
1840-10-11T13:0044.87-14.27194.61016.0VM8-26330.00NO3V01H00000000025221
1840-10-12T13:0043.88-12.85304.61019.4VM8-26330.10NOTO3000000025222
1840-10-13T13:0045.45-15.15532.61022.8VM8-26230.20OTN2V01, V10100000025223
1840-10-14T13:0044.23-12.33434.61021.1VM8-25330.15ONO3W20010000025224
1840-10-15T13:0045.50-13.30424.61021.1VM8-26330.15ONO3000000025225
1840-10-16T13:0046.25-12.613574.61019.4VM8-26330.10NNO3000000025226
1840-10-17T13:0045.48-11.92432.61022.8VM8-25230.20ONO2V04000000025227
1840-10-18T13:0045.35-10.733622.61023.8VM8-25230.23VARIABEL2000000025228
1840-10-19T13:0045.48-9.47202.61026.1VM8-25230.30NO2000000025229
1840-10-20T13:0046.13-10.50762.61022.8VM8-25230.20OTZ2V01000000025230
1840-10-21T13:0047.12-10.973356.71021.1VM8-25430.15N4W20V10110000025231
1840-10-22T13:0047.57-9.603334.61022.8VM8-27330.20N3000000025232
1840-10-23T12:0047.95-7.3231312.31019.4VM8-25630.10NNW6V10000000025233
1840-10-24T12:0049.68-4.603019.31009.2VM8-25529.80NWTN5V00000000025234
1840-10-25T00:0050.523389.31012.61VM8529.90NNW5V00H00000000025235
1840-10-26T12:0050.820.952026.71014.31VM8-23429.95ZW4W20010000025236
1840-10-27T12:0051.632.701936.7983.81VM8-21429.05ZWTZ4000000025237
1840-10-28T12:0052.052.731144.6994.01VM8-21329.35ZO3V00, V01000000025238