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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during BATAVIA cruise from Rotterdam to Batavia started at 1839-12-05 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747601, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -4.312464 * Median Longitude: 15.104275 * South-bound Latitude: -39.470000 * West-bound Longitude: -25.380000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.350000 * East-bound Longitude: 105.920000
Date/Time Start: 1839-12-05T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-04-29T05:00:00
Event(s):
Batavia_18391205_C_REIS_11_P169-179 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1839-12-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-04-29T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Batavia, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: J.A. Pronk (Kapitein), Other ship information: REIS 11, P. 169-179
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Present weatherwwWeather description
16 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
17 Cloud typeCloud type
18 ClearnessClearness
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2511 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

PPPP [hPa]

-

Watch

Glasses
10 
Decl [deg]
11 
Wind scale ref [#]
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
13 
Wind dir descr
14 
Wind force descr
15 
ww
16 
Precip descr
17 
Cloud type
18 
Clearness
19 
Gusts
20 
Rain
21 
Fog
22 
Snow
23 
Thunder
24 
Hail
25 
Sea ice
26 
ID
1839-12-05T12:0049.35-5.171339.31029.5VM8-25530.40ZZO5000000024955
1839-12-06T12:0048.63-6.701559.31024.5VM8-25530.25Z5V03000000024956
1839-12-07T13:0047.88-10.68971017.7VM8-2730.05ZOTO000000024957
1839-12-08T13:0046.20-13.882676.7999.1VM8-26429.50WNW4W20V01, V10110000024958
1839-12-09T13:0043.92-15.652106.71002.4VM8-26429.60ZWTW4V05000000024959
1839-12-10T13:0041.47-14.9026912.31005.8VM8-24629.70WNW6V01000000024960
1839-12-11T13:0038.73-14.602249.31009.9VM8-24529.82WZW5V03000000024961
1839-12-12T13:0035.95-13.202141012.6VM8-2229.90ZWTW000000024962
1839-12-13T13:0036.22-14.301589.31016.0VM8-22530.00Z5000000024963
1839-12-14T13:0036.28-18.4319226.8995.7VM8-221029.40ZWTZ10000000024964
1839-12-15T13:0037.30-19.3220312.31002.4VM8-22629.60ZW6V04, V10100000024965
1839-12-16T13:0036.23-19.302379.31009.2VM8-22529.80WTZ5V03000000024966
1839-12-17T13:0037.27-21.132266.71009.2VM8-22429.80WZW4V01000000024967
1839-12-18T13:0034.90-20.222039.31016.0VM8-22530.00ZW5W20V04010000024968
1839-12-19T13:0034.83-19.822822.61016.0VM8-22230.00NWTW2V03000000024969
1839-12-20T13:0033.18-19.022146.71019.4VM8-22430.10ZWTW4W20V10110000024970
1839-12-21T13:0033.27-20.682039.31017.7VM8-22530.05ZW5000000024971
1839-12-22T13:0033.53-21.601816.71016.0VM8-22430.00ZZW4000000024972
1839-12-23T13:0032.42-20.002942.61016.0VM8-21230.00NW2V05000000024973
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1839-12-25T13:0032.85-20.0720312.31016.0VM8-22630.00ZW6V10100000024975
1839-12-26T14:0033.28-23.672034.61009.2VM8-22329.80ZW3V03, V05000000024976
1839-12-27T14:0034.43-23.671922.61009.2VM8-22229.80ZWTZ2V01000000024977
1839-12-28T14:0033.75-23.821364.61005.8VM8-22329.70ZZO3W00W20110000024978
1839-12-29T14:0033.38-25.381582.61004.1VM8-22229.65Z2000000024979
1839-12-30T14:0032.25-24.8011512.31005.8VM8-20629.70ZO6W20010000024980
1839-12-31T14:0032.13-24.950.01005.8VM8-2029.70STILW20V03010000024981
1840-01-01T14:0029.67-24.632502.61019.4VM8-20230.10W2V04000000024982
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1840-01-04T14:0026.12-23.43826.71031.2VM8-19430.45OTZ4V01000000024985
1840-01-05T14:0022.52-22.98496.71022.8VM8-19430.20ONO4V01000000024986
1840-01-06T13:0019.17-22.35156.71024.5VM8-19430.25NOTN4V01000000024987
1840-01-07T13:0015.55-21.62276.71026.1VM8-18430.30NO4000000024988
1840-01-08T13:0012.43-21.42516.71024.5VM8-17430.25ONO4000000024989
1840-01-09T13:009.60-20.02629.31019.4VM8-17530.10OTN5H01000000024990
1840-01-10T13:007.93-18.733432.61019.4VM8-17230.10N2000000024991
1840-01-11T13:007.50-18.67174.61016.0VM8-17330.00NOTN3V01000000024992
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1840-01-13T13:005.77-18.552762.61016.0VM8-17230.00WNW2000000024994
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1840-01-15T13:005.13-16.922414.61019.4VM8-18330.10WTZ3V01, V10100000024996
1840-01-16T13:004.80-15.051172.61019.4VM8-18230.10ZO2V10100000024997
1840-01-17T13:004.80-15.051172.61019.4VM8-18230.10ZO2V04, V05, V10100000024998
1840-01-18T13:005.00-14.401282.61019.4VM8-18230.10ZOTZ2000000024999
1840-01-19T13:005.98-14.00504.61019.4VM8-18330.10ONO3000000025000
1840-01-20T13:006.00-13.3252.61019.4VM8-18230.10NNO2000000025001
1840-01-21T13:005.32-12.60721.01019.4VM8-18130.10O1000000025002
1840-01-22T13:004.90-12.13494.61019.4VM8-19330.10ONO3V01000000025003
1840-01-23T13:003.78-10.97716.71019.4VM8-19430.10O4000000025004
1840-01-24T13:001.68-10.00814.61019.4VM8-20330.10OTZ3V01000000025005
1840-01-25T13:002.32-10.03594.61016.3VM8-20330.01OTN3H01000000025006
1840-01-26T13:003.77-9.702962.61016.0VM8-19230.00NW2H00000000025007
1840-01-27T13:003.98-9.333414.61016.0VM8-19330.00N3H01000000025008
1840-01-28T13:003.50-8.232744.61016.0VM8-19330.00WNW3H01000000025009
1840-01-29T12:003.93-6.882952.6VM8-202NW2H01000000025010
1840-01-30T12:004.22-6.322952.6VM8-202NW2000000025011
1840-01-31T12:004.38-5.872052.6VM8-202ZW2000000025012
1840-02-01T12:005.05-5.271602.61VM8-202Z2H01000000025013
1840-02-02T12:005.02-3.922284.61VM8-203WZW3000000025014
1840-02-03T12:004.62-2.551VM8-20000000025015
1840-02-12T12:003.630.432732.6VM8-202WNW2000000025016
1840-02-13T12:002.671.482284.6VM8-203WZW3000000025017
1840-02-14T12:002.551.852056.7VM8-204ZW4V01, V10100000025018
1840-02-15T12:000.703.601604.6VM8-203Z3V04000000025019
1840-02-16T12:00-0.253.251834.6VM8-203ZZW3000000025020
1840-02-17T12:00-0.121.581484.6VM8-213ZTO3000000025021
1840-02-18T12:00-0.301.631824.6VM8-213ZZW3W00, W34W20110010025022
1840-02-19T12:00-1.552.231144.6VM8-213ZO3V04000000025023
1840-02-20T12:00-3.57-1.501586.7VM8-224Z4000000025024
1840-02-21T12:00-5.22-4.301486.7VM8-214ZTO4V10100000025025
1840-02-22T12:00-6.91-4.96-21000000025026
1840-02-23T12:00-8.59-5.61-22000000025027
1840-02-24T12:00-10.28-6.271479.3VM8-225ZTO5000000025028
1840-02-25T13:00-12.20-8.351156.7VM8-204ZO4V05000000025029
1840-02-26T13:00-13.80-10.001386.7VM8-204ZZO4V01000000025030
1840-02-27T13:00-15.33-11.281389.3VM8-205ZZO5000000025031
1840-02-28T13:00-17.53-13.03969.3VM8-175OZO5V10100000025032
1840-02-29T13:00-20.37-14.301299.3VM8-175ZOTZ5W20V01, V10110000025033
1840-03-01T13:00-21.68-16.551186.7VM8-174ZO4V03000000025034
1840-03-02T13:00-25.47-18.22999.3VM8-145OZO5V01000000025035
1840-03-03T13:00-27.63-19.22784.6VM8-123O3V10100000025036
1840-03-04T13:00-30.12-18.92564.6VM8-123ONO3V10100000025037
1840-03-05T13:00-32.10-16.233456.71016.0VM8-15430.00N4000000025038
1840-03-06T13:00-32.78-13.333359.31026.1VM8-14530.30NTW5000000025039
1840-03-07T13:00-34.50-10.72396.71026.1VM8-17430.30NOTO4V10100000025040
1840-03-08T13:00-35.63-7.903439.31026.1VM8-17530.30N5000000025041
1840-03-09T12:00-36.10-4.633189.31023.8VM8-20530.23NNW5000000025042
1840-03-10T12:00-36.45-0.903159.31024.5VM8-23530.25NNW5000000025043
1840-03-11T12:00-36.422.052926.71024.5VM8-23430.25NW4V01, V10100000025044
1840-03-12T12:00-36.556.0020015.41019.4VM8-25730.10ZW7V01, V10100000025045
1840-03-13T11:00-36.1210.321086.71019.4VM8-27430.10ZO4V10100000025046
1840-03-14T11:00-35.3814.181076.71022.8VM8-28430.20ZO4V03000000025047
1840-03-15T11:00-34.1815.431522.61014.3VM8-28229.95Z2V01000000025048
1840-03-16T11:00-34.8717.101974.61012.6VM8-28329.90ZW3000000025049
1840-03-17T11:00-35.2819.152644.61019.4VM8-29330.10WNW3000000025050
1840-03-18T11:00-35.0720.752646.71016.0VM8-29430.00WNW4000000025051
1840-03-19T11:00-36.6321.421064.61016.0VM8-29330.00ZO3V10100000025052
1840-03-20T10:00-36.6324.42166.71019.4VM8-29430.10NO4000000025053
1840-03-21T10:00-38.0525.4524012.31016.3VM8-30630.01W6W20V10110000025054
1840-03-22T10:00-38.7828.601494.61009.2VM8-31329.80Z3V05, V10100000025055
1840-03-23T10:00-38.9531.0030712.31016.0VM8-31630.00NNW6W20010000025056
1840-03-24T10:00-38.9035.551499.31010.6VM8-31529.84Z5V01, V10100000025057
1840-03-25T09:00-38.7341.02834.61017.7VM8-30330.05OZO3V01000000025058
1840-03-26T09:00-36.7843.55424.61029.5VM8-26330.40ONO3000000025059
1840-03-27T09:00-37.8345.0335412.31019.4VM8-29630.10NNO6V10100000025060
1840-03-28T09:00-38.8847.881866.71017.7VM8-28430.05ZWTZ4V10100000025061
1840-03-29T08:00-39.4753.4513112.31021.1VM8-27630.15ZZO6V04, V10100000025062
1840-03-30T08:00-38.7758.182334.61026.1VM8-26330.30WTZ3000000025063
1840-03-31T08:00-38.4361.282449.31026.1VM8-26530.30W5W20V05010000025064
1840-04-01T00:00-38.652259.31016.0530.00ZW5000000025065
1840-04-02T07:00-39.3568.9521215.41012.6VM8-24729.90ZWTW7W00V01100000025066
1840-04-03T07:00-37.8573.5825912.31012.6VM8-23629.90WTN6W00W20110000025067
1840-04-04T07:00-36.9376.932766.71009.2VM8-17429.80WNW4V01000000025068
1840-04-05T07:00-35.9881.282549.31012.6VM8-16529.90W5V01000000025069
1840-04-06T06:00-35.0285.371889.31017.7VM8-15530.05ZZW5000000025070
1840-04-07T06:00-34.2388.171212.61022.8VM8-14230.20ZO2V04000000025071
1840-04-08T06:00-33.0390.62766.71019.4VM8-14430.10O4V04000000025072
1840-04-09T06:00-30.4592.231036.71026.1VM8-10430.30OZO4W20V10110000025073
1840-04-10T06:00-28.2292.83816.71022.8VM8-9430.20O4V01, V10100000025074
1840-04-11T06:00-25.8593.62726.71022.8VM8-7430.20OTN4000000025075
1840-04-12T06:00-24.5795.27946.71021.1VM8-7430.15OTZ4W20V04, V10110000025076
1840-04-13T06:00-24.5795.271064.61019.4VM8-7330.10OZO3W00W20V10110000025077
1840-04-14T06:00-22.9394.72839.31029.5VM8-7530.40O5W20010000025078
1840-04-15T06:00-24.7395.68832.61016.0VM8-7230.00O2V01000000025079
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1840-04-17T06:00-27.4896.93722.61024.5VM8-7230.25OTN2000000025081
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1840-04-23T05:00-21.72101.6210912.31021.1VM8-4630.15OZO6V10100000025087
1840-04-24T05:00-18.38103.081106.71019.4VM8-3430.10OZO4V10100000025088
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1840-04-26T05:00-11.88105.00906.71008.5VM80429.78O4000000025090
1840-04-27T05:00-9.17105.62906.71010.9VM80429.85O4W20V05, V10110000025091
1840-04-28T05:00-6.88105.922942.61VM812WNW2W20V01010000025092
1840-04-29T05:00-6.70105.301VM81000000025093