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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during BATAVIA cruise from Rotterdam to Batavia started at 1838-11-16 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747599, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -2.390935 * Median Longitude: 11.415514 * South-bound Latitude: -38.730000 * West-bound Longitude: -30.980000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.650000 * East-bound Longitude: 105.000000
Date/Time Start: 1838-11-16T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1839-03-03T05:00:00
Event(s):
Batavia_18381116_C_REIS_7_P106-114 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1838-11-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1839-03-03T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Batavia, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: J.A. Pronk (Kapitein), Other ship information: REIS 07, P. 106-115
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Present weatherwwWeather description
16 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
17 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
18 Cloud typeCloud type
19 ClearnessClearness
20 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
21 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
22 FogFog1 If fog was reported
23 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
24 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25 HailHail1 If hail was reported
26 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27 CommentComment
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2018 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

PPPP [hPa]

-

Watch

Glasses
10 
Decl [deg]
11 
Wind scale ref [#]
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
13 
Wind dir descr
14 
Wind force descr
15 
ww
16 
Precip descr
17 
State sea descr
18 
Cloud type
19 
Clearness
20 
Gusts
21 
Rain
22 
Fog
23 
Snow
24 
Thunder
25 
Hail
26 
Sea ice
27 
Comment
28 
ID
1838-11-16T12:0051.652.181122.61007.51VM8-23229.75ZO2H00000000025477
1838-11-17T12:0050.801.031572.61009.21VM8-23229.80Z2W00W20110000025478
1838-11-18T12:0050.28-0.781464.61002.41VM8-23329.60ZTO3W20010000025479
1838-11-19T12:0050.35-2.901104.6999.11VM8-25329.50ZO3V03, V00H00000000025480
1838-11-20T12:0049.75-4.682686.71005.8VM8-25429.70WNW4Z01H00000000025481
1838-11-21T12:0048.37-6.78654.61014.3VM8-25329.95O3V10H00100000025482
1838-11-22T13:0047.62-9.301534.6985.5VM8-27329.10Z3W20010000025483
1838-11-23T13:0046.40-9.3833512.3985.5VM8-25629.10N6V10100000025484
1838-11-24T13:0045.62-11.472232.6995.7VM8-25229.40WZW2000000025485
1838-11-25T13:0044.18-11.182006.71007.5VM8-25429.75ZW4000000025486
1838-11-26T13:0044.17-11.9826830.91004.1VM8-251129.65WNW11000000025487
1838-11-27T13:0044.30-12.0326830.9988.9VM8-251129.20WNW11000000025488
1838-11-28T13:0044.78-12.1324526.8970.3VM8-251028.65W10000000025489
1838-11-29T13:0045.40-11.582689.3982.1VM8-25529.00WNW5V10100000025490
1838-11-30T13:0045.68-11.0522326.8999.1VM8-251029.50WZW10000000025491
1838-12-01T13:0045.95-11.332239.3992.3VM8-25529.30WZW5W01W20110000025492
1838-12-02T13:0046.27-11.752452.6999.1VM8-25229.50W2W26000001025493
1838-12-03T13:0045.58-11.433132.61000.7VM8-25229.55NNW2H00000000025494
1838-12-04T13:0043.12-12.73192.61019.4VM8-26230.10NO2000000025495
1838-12-05T13:0041.67-13.652462.61026.1VM8-24230.30W2000000025496
1838-12-06T13:0040.52-13.92214.61027.8VM8-24330.35NO3V04H00000000025497
1838-12-07T13:0039.67-13.822462.61028.9VM8-24230.38W2V01000000025498
1838-12-08T13:0038.47-15.373366.71021.1VM8-24430.15N4V04000000025499
1838-12-09T13:0035.78-15.873499.31016.0VM8-22530.00NTO5000000025500
1838-12-10T13:0032.92-18.47239.31016.0VM8-22530.00NO5000000025501
1838-12-11T13:0030.52-20.03479.31019.4VM8-21530.10ONO5H00000000025502
1838-12-12T13:0028.07-21.15249.31019.4VM8-21530.10NO5H00000000025503
1838-12-13T14:0026.18-22.572746.71022.8VM8-19430.20WNW4H00000000025504
1838-12-14T14:0024.62-22.723192.61019.4VM8-19230.10NNW2000000025505
1838-12-15T06:0021.58-22.623542.61012.6HW8-17229.90NTO2000000025506
1838-12-16T13:0019.45-22.003314.61012.6VM8-18329.90NTW3H00000000025507
1838-12-17T13:0018.12-21.80274.61016.0VM8-18330.00NO3000000025508
1838-12-18T13:0016.05-22.42276.71016.0VM8-18430.00NO4H00000000025509
1838-12-19T13:0012.82-21.87276.71012.6VM8-18429.90NO4H00000000025510
1838-12-20T13:009.73-21.23736.71012.6VM8-17429.90O4000000025511
1838-12-21T13:007.55-20.607312.31012.3VM8-17629.89O6V10100000025512
1838-12-22T13:004.70-19.771181012.6VM8-1729.90ZOW00W20110000025513
1838-12-23T13:002.80-19.701632.61010.9VM8-17229.85Z2000000025514
1838-12-24T13:002.68-20.123621010.9VM8-1729.85VARIABELW00V03100000025515
1838-12-25T13:002.53-20.153432.61012.6VM8-17229.90N2V00000000025516
1838-12-26T13:003.42-20.70732.61010.9VM8-17229.85O2V04000000025517
1838-12-27T13:003.25-20.101632.61012.6VM8-17229.90Z2H00000000025518
1838-12-28T13:002.98-19.331632.61010.9VM8-17229.85Z2H00000000025519
1838-12-29T13:002.68-17.451622.61010.9VM8-18229.85Z2W00100000025520
1838-12-30T13:002.45-18.531642.61016.0VM8-16230.00Z2W22V03H00010000025521
1838-12-31T13:001.98-20.782092.61010.9VM8-16229.85ZW2H00000000025522
1839-01-01T13:001.98-20.351192.61010.9VM8-16229.85ZO2V03000000025523
1839-01-02T13:001.48-21.571302.61010.9VM8-16229.85ZOTZ2H00000000025524
1839-01-03T14:000.12-23.651329.31010.9VM8-14529.85ZOTZ5H00000000025525
1839-01-04T14:00-1.73-25.801449.31012.6VM8-14529.90ZZO5000000025526
1839-01-05T14:00-3.58-27.551256.71014.3VM8-10429.95ZO4H00000000025527
1839-01-06T14:00-5.80-29.081039.31014.3VM8-10529.95OZO5H000000000a trivial correction was made in this observation25528
1839-01-07T14:00-8.33-30.181036.71012.6VM8-10429.90OZO4H00000000025529
1839-01-08T14:00-11.65-30.48809.31012.6VM8-10529.90O5H00000000025530
1839-01-09T14:00-14.97-30.98599.31012.6VM8-9529.90ONO5H00000000025531
1839-01-10T14:00-18.08-30.57716.71015.3VM8-8429.98OTN4H00000000025532
1839-01-11T14:00-20.58-29.421059.31012.6VM8-8529.90OZO5H00000000025533
1839-01-12T14:00-23.78-29.13386.71012.6VM8-7429.90NO4V03H00000000025534
1839-01-13T14:00-26.68-28.50949.31019.4VM8-7530.10OTZ5H00000000025535
1839-01-14T14:00-29.57-27.45592.61021.1VM8-9230.15ONO2V00H00000000025536
1839-01-15T14:00-31.70-25.32362.61022.1VM8-9230.18NO2H00000000025537
1839-01-16T13:00-33.40-21.731699.31012.6VM8-11529.90Z5W21H00010000025538
1839-01-17T13:00-34.48-17.381669.31005.8VM8-14529.70Z5H00000000025539
1839-01-18T13:00-33.63-13.432342.61019.4VM8-14230.10WZW2H00000000025540
1839-01-19T13:00-33.63-10.001862.61020.0VM8-17230.12ZZW2H00000000025541
1839-01-20T12:00-34.10-7.02142.61022.8VM8-20230.20NOTN2H00000000025542
1839-01-21T12:00-34.57-6.083406.71024.1VM8-20430.24N4H00000000025543
1839-01-23T12:00-36.780.752472.61022.1VM8-23230.18W2W11001000025544
1839-01-24T12:00-37.101.882471023.4VM8-2330.22WW10001000025545
1839-01-25T12:00-36.754.02202.61024.5VM8-25230.25NO2W10001000025546
1839-01-26T12:00-37.476.052689.31017.7VM8-25530.05WNW5W20V10H00010000025547
1839-01-27T11:00-37.839.482782.61011.9VM8-26229.88NWTW2H00000000025548
1839-01-28T11:00-37.5812.983102.61014.3VM8-28229.95NNW2000000025549
1839-01-29T11:00-37.8016.102656.71014.3VM8-28429.95WNW4H00000000025550
1839-01-30T11:00-37.9520.323542.61009.2VM8-29229.80NNO2H00000000025551
1839-01-31T11:00-37.8322.27164.61016.0VM8-29330.00NO3000000025552
1839-02-01T10:00-38.3525.153416.71005.8VM8-30429.70NTO4H00000000025553
1839-02-02T10:00-38.2228.152624.61005.8VM8-31329.70WNW3W20010000025554
1839-02-03T10:00-38.2231.882392.61008.9VM8-31229.79W2H00000000025555
1839-02-04T10:00-37.7335.73142.61021.1VM8-31230.15NO2H00000000025556
1839-02-05T09:00-37.5037.553532.61024.5VM8-30230.25NNO2000000025557
1839-02-06T09:00-37.9540.453539.31022.1VM8-30530.18NNO5W34000010025558
1839-02-07T09:00-38.2544.973549.31012.6VM8-29529.90NNO5H00000000025559
1839-02-08T09:00-38.5348.903219.31015.3VM8-28529.98NTW5W10W20011000025560
1839-02-09T08:00-38.3556.033119.31016.0VM8-27530.00NNW5W20010000025561
1839-02-10T08:00-38.2259.033129.31009.2VM8-26529.80NNW5000000025562
1839-02-11T08:00-38.7362.832902.61005.8VM8-25229.70NW2000000025563
1839-02-12T08:00-38.1266.183356.71005.8VM8-25429.70N4000000025564
1839-02-13T07:00-37.7771.422016.71010.9VM8-24429.85ZW4H00000000025565
1839-02-14T07:00-36.6074.423544.61022.8VM8-17330.20NTO3000000025566
1839-02-15T07:00-36.1276.353436.71019.4VM8-17430.10N4H00000000025567
1839-02-16T07:00-35.5780.371426.71013.3VM8-16429.92ZZO4V03H00000000025568
1839-02-17T06:00-34.3884.4212012.31023.4VM8-15630.22ZO6H00000000025569
1839-02-18T06:00-33.6888.001216.71023.4VM8-14430.22ZO4000000025570
1839-02-19T06:00-31.2090.621144.61019.4VM8-10330.10ZOTO3W00W20110000025571
1839-02-20T06:00-29.3093.681949.31016.0VM8-9530.00ZZW5000000025572
1839-02-21T06:00-27.1395.481299.31014.3VM8-6529.95ZO5000000025573
1839-02-22T05:00-24.1398.02956.71015.3VM8-6429.98OTZ4H00000000025574
1839-02-23T05:00-20.8399.301319.31032.9VM8-4530.50ZO5H00000000025575
1839-02-24T05:00-17.3299.721116.71015.3VM8-2429.98OZO4H00000000025576
1839-02-25T05:00-14.0099.60889.31012.6VM8-2529.90O5H00000000025577
1839-02-26T05:00-11.08100.18456.71015.3VM80429.98NO4V10100000025578
1839-02-27T05:00-9.2599.733621014.3VM8029.95VARIABELV10100000025579
1839-02-28T05:00-8.68100.433156.71009.2VM80429.80NW4V10100000025580
1839-03-01T05:00-7.73102.00342.61009.2VM80229.80NOTN2H00000000025581
1839-03-02T05:00-6.28103.70802.61010.9VM81229.85OTN2H00000000025582
1839-03-03T05:00-6.30105.001142.61014.3VM81229.95OZO2H00000000025583