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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during BATAVIA cruise from Rotterdam to Batavia started at 1835-07-02 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747593, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -8.560652 * Median Longitude: 13.824022 * South-bound Latitude: -39.580000 * West-bound Longitude: -32.380000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.420000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1835-07-02T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-10-02T05:00:00
Event(s):
Batavia_18350702_L_REIS_3 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1835-07-02T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-10-02T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Batavia, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: Bruhn (Kapitein), Company: MER
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
16 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
17 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18 Present weatherwwWeather description
19 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
20 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
21 Cloud typeCloud type
22 ClearnessClearness
23 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
24 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
25 FogFog1 If fog was reported
26 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
27 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28 HailHail1 If hail was reported
29 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30 CommentComment
31 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1624 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
16 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
17 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
18 
ww
(Weather description)
19 
Precip descr
20 
State sea descr
21 
Cloud type
22 
Clearness
23 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
24 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
25 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
26 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
27 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
28 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
29 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
30 
Comment
31 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1835-07-02T12:0050.32-1.832259.31019.41VM8-23530.10WZW5H01000000026103
1835-07-03T12:0050.42-2.832000.01022.81VM8-25030.20ZW4-0W12V03001000026104
1835-07-04T12:0050.23-3.432239.31VM8-255WZW5V02H01000000026105
1835-07-05T12:0049.98-4.252239.31VM8-255WZW5V00H00000000026106
1835-07-06T12:0049.42-5.082239.31022.1VM8-25530.18WZW0-5V00000000026107
1835-07-07T12:0048.87-6.232566.71022.1VM8-25430.18WTN4H00000000026108
1835-07-08T12:0048.32-7.3822315.41019.4VM8-25730.10WZW5-7H01000000026109
1835-07-09T13:0048.22-8.583229.316.0VM8-27560.80NTW5V04H00000000026110
1835-07-10T13:0046.30-10.38431.0VM8-251ONO3-1H01000000026111
1835-07-11T13:0044.83-11.202454.61019.4VM8-25330.10W3H00000000026112
1835-07-12T13:0043.52-11.37204.61022.1VM8-25330.18NO6-3V00000000026113
1835-07-13T13:0041.47-11.572212.3VM8-236NO6V06000000026114
1835-07-14T13:0037.82-12.8731515.4VM8-237NNW7V06000000026115
1835-07-15T13:0035.68-15.324612.3VM8-226ONO4-6V04000000026116
1835-07-16T13:0033.87-15.372312.3VM8BEGIN DER PASSAAT-226NO6H01000000026117
1835-07-17T13:0030.57-16.72489.3VM8-205ONO5H01000000026118
1835-07-18T13:0028.60-18.7039.3VM8-205NNO5V00000000026119
1835-07-19T13:0026.18-20.083712.31021.1VM8-19630.15NOTO5-6V00H01000000026120
1835-07-20T13:0024.22-22.28269.3VM8-195NO5V04000000026121
1835-07-21T14:0021.78-24.20396.7VM8-174NOTO4H01000000026122
1835-07-22T14:0020.18-25.60519.3VM8-175ONO5H01000000026123
1835-07-23T14:0018.12-26.785112.3VM8-176ONO6V01000000026124
1835-07-24T14:0014.95-27.33749.31029.5VM8-16530.40O5V06000000026125
1835-07-25T14:0011.65-28.802819.3VM8-125WNW0-5H00000000026126
1835-07-26T14:0010.68-27.352556.7VM8-154W4V04 DRIJVENDE LUCHT000000026127
1835-07-27T14:009.53-26.92362VM8-15VARIABELW20V04010000026128
1835-07-28T14:007.47-23.8317712.3-146ZTW6Z00V030000000a trivial correction was made in this observation26129
1835-07-30T13:007.02-22.251649.3VM8-165Z5V00000000026130
1835-07-31T13:006.83-19.7518712.3VM8-166ZZW5-6V04000000026131
1835-08-01T13:005.85-17.651759.3VM8-165ZTW5W20V05010000026132
1835-08-02T13:005.45-15.0214012.3VM8-186ZZO6V00000000026133
1835-08-03T13:004.00-17.4214012.3VM8-186ZZO6H00000000026134
1835-08-04T13:002.17-19.8314212.3VM8-166ZZO6V00000000026135
1835-08-05T13:00-0.02-22.0511912.3VM8-166ZO6V00000000026136
1835-08-06T14:00-2.98-23.3013312.3VM8-136ZOTZ6W20H00010000026137
1835-08-07T14:00-5.92-25.1213312.3VM8-136ZOTZ6V00000000026138
1835-08-08T14:00-8.67-27.0011212.3VM8-126ZOTO6H00000000026139
1835-08-09T14:00-11.48-27.971049.3VM8-95OZO6-5W20V00, V10010000026140
1835-08-10T14:00-14.43-28.4010512.3VM8-86OZO6V01000000026141
1835-08-11T14:00-17.47-29.13826.7VM8-84O4V01000000026142
1835-08-12T14:00-19.87-29.350.0VM8-7STILV04000000026143
1835-08-13T14:00-20.52-29.671622.6VM8-72ZTO2V00000000026144
1835-08-14T14:00-21.25-30.771069.3VM8-75OZO5V00000000026145
1835-08-15T14:00-23.25-31.25842.6VM8-62O2V00000000026146
1835-08-16T14:00-24.48-32.03179.3VM8-65NNO5V00000000026147
1835-08-17T14:00-26.15-32.383549.3VM8-65N5V00000000026148
1835-08-18T14:00-28.80-30.1032115.4VM8-57NWTN6-7Z00, NWH00000000026149
1835-08-19T14:00-31.45-25.970.0VM8-8STILW20Z00V10010000026150
1835-08-20T14:00-32.25-23.33315.4VM8-87NTO7V10000000026151
1835-08-21T13:00-33.78-21.5321512.3VM8-106ZW6W20V06010000026152
1835-08-22T13:00-35.15-17.8528315.4VM8-107WNW7V00000000026153
1835-08-23T13:00-36.35-13.1828015.4VM8-137WNW7V06, V00000000026154
1835-08-24T13:00-35.88-9.1527715.4VM8-167WNW7V06, V00000000026155
1835-08-25T13:00-36.55-7.5726515.4VM8-167WTN6-7Z07000000026156
1835-08-26T12:00-36.00-0.8520319.01019.4VM8-22830.10ZW8W00W20110000026157
1835-08-27T12:00-36.353.3820119.0VM8-248ZW9-8V10000000026158
1835-08-28T11:00-36.887.6516512.3VM8-266ZTW6V01000000026159
1835-08-29T11:00-37.2310.8026712.3VM8-266WNW6V04000000026160
1835-08-30T11:00-37.4514.5219712.3VM8-286ZW6W20V10010000026161
1835-08-31T11:00-37.5816.471646.7VM8-274ZTW4H01000000026162
1835-09-01T11:00-37.6519.771969.3VM8-295ZW5V00000000026163
1835-09-02T10:00-38.1723.3321812.3VM8-306WZW4-6V04000000026164
1835-09-03T10:00-38.6826.4028515.41010.2VM8-30729.83NW7V03000000026165
1835-09-04T10:00-38.8729.732299.3VM8-305WTZ5Z00V04000000026166
1835-09-05T10:00-39.0033.981512.3VM8-316NO6W21010000026167
1835-09-06T09:00-38.9838.273539.31006.8VM8-30529.73NNO1-5V04H01000000026168
1835-09-07T09:00-39.1739.9726312.3VM8-306WNW6H01000000026169
1835-09-08T09:00-38.9344.002189.3VM8-305WZW5V00000000026170
1835-09-09T09:00-39.1746.7835326.8VM8-3010NNO8-10W10W20V10H01011000026171
1835-09-10T09:00-39.2749.4821922.61004.1VM8-29929.65WZW7-9W01W22Z02V00110000026172
1835-09-11T08:00-39.4354.6522122.61004.1VM8-27929.65WZW9W22Z00V03, V10010000026173
1835-09-12T08:00-39.5858.8519919.01005.8VM8-26829.70ZW8W00W26V10100001026174
1835-09-13T08:00-39.4063.402009.3VM8-255ZW5V03, V00H00000000026175
1835-09-14T08:00-39.1866.802119.3VM8-255ZWTW5W00W20H00110000026176
1835-09-15T07:00-39.2869.6232512.3VM8-246NTW6V00000000026177
1835-09-16T07:00-38.9372.932709.3VM8-235WNW5V02H00000000026178
1835-09-17T07:00-38.2076.771126.7VM8-234ZO4W20V10, V03010000026179
1835-09-18T07:00-36.7379.501199.3VM8-165ZO5W20V06010000026180
1835-09-19T07:00-34.8080.8835512.3VM8-166NTO6V01000000026181
1835-09-20T06:00-34.5882.6821015.4VM8-157ZW7W00W20V06110000026182
1835-09-21T06:00-34.5887.5721115.4VM8-147ZW7W00100000026183
1835-09-22T06:00-33.7891.5722215.4VM8-147ZWTW6-7W00100000026184
1835-09-23T06:00-32.2095.1728415.4VM8-97WNW5-7V04H00000000026185
1835-09-24T05:00-29.7297.852409.3VM8-85WZW5H00000000026186
1835-09-25T05:00-28.35100.1025115.4VM8-87WTZ7V04H00000000026187
1835-09-26T05:00-25.12102.1512912.3VM8-66ZO6V01000000026188
1835-09-27T05:00-21.72104.0013215.4VM8-37ZO7V04000000026189
1835-09-28T05:00-18.37104.529812.3VM8-36OTZ5-6V10000000026190
1835-09-29T05:00-15.42106.1211112.3VM8-26OZO6V03000000026191
1835-09-30T05:00-11.82106.0210112.3VM806OTZ6V01000000026192
1835-10-01T05:00-8.73105.421359.3VM805ZO5H00000000026193
1835-10-02T05:00-6.10106.861VM81000000026194