Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -7.903265 * Median Longitude: 17.103571 * South-bound Latitude: -40.020000 * West-bound Longitude: -27.250000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.350000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000

Date/Time Start: 1829-09-26T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1830-01-02T05:00:00

Event(s):

Batavia_18290926_B_REIS_15_P241 * Latitude Start: 51.900000 * Longitude Start: 3.930000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1829-09-26T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1830-01-02T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Batavia, Voyage: Rotterdam - Batavia, 1st Observer: H. A. Jacomettie (Kapitein)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
8	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
9	Watch	Watch		Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10	Glasses	Glasses		Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12	Wind scale reference	Wind scale ref	#	Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
13	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
14	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
15	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
17	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
18	Present weather	ww		Weather description
19	Precipitation description	Precip descr
20	State of the sea description	State sea descr
21	Cloud type	Cloud type
22	Clearness	Clearness
23	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
24	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
25	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
26	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
27	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
29	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

2002 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...)	7 TTT [°C]	8 - (1 If position is considered t...)	9 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...)	10 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...)	11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	12 Wind scale ref [#] (Name of, or reference to the ...)	13 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...)	14 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure)	15 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	16 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...)	17 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	18 ww (Weather description)	19 Precip descr	20 State sea descr	21 Cloud type	22 Clearness	23 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	24 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	25 Fog (1 If fog was reported)	27 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...)	30 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1829-09-26T00:00			203	12.3			1	VM	8		6			ZZW		6		W20				0	1	0	0	24522
1829-09-27T12:00	52.22	2.57	283	4.6			1	VM	8	-21	3			NWTW		3						0	0	0	0	24523
1829-09-28T12:00	52.35	2.28	315	9.3			1	VM	8	-23	5			NNW		5					H00	0	0	0	0	24524
1829-09-29T12:00	50.83	1.02	45	9.3			1	VM	8	-23	5			ONO		5	W30 UIT Z (DD1)	W20			H00 (DD1)	0	1	0	1	24525
1829-09-30T12:00	50.25	-2.03	45	15.4			1	VM	8	-23	7			ONO		7		W20				0	1	0	0	24526
1829-10-01T12:00	48.87	-6.52	9	15.4				VM	8	-25	7			NOTN		7		W20				0	1	0	0	24527
1829-10-02T13:00	46.77	-9.83	347					VM	8	-24				NTO						V10		0	0	0	0	24528
1829-10-03T13:00	43.55	-13.42	65	9.3	1026.1	16.7		VM	8	-25	5	62.00	30.30	O		5				V04	H00	0	0	0	0	24529
1829-10-04T13:00	41.22	-14.67	67	9.3		18.9		VM	8	-23	5	66.00		O		5				V04		0	0	0	0	24530
1829-10-05T13:00	38.87	-15.58	67	9.3	1029.5	18.3		VM	8	-23	5	65.00	30.40	O		5		W20		V05, V10		0	1	0	0	24531
1829-10-06T13:00	36.42	-16.65	114	12.3	1027.8	19.4		VM	8	-21	6	67.00	30.35	ZO		6				V05		0	0	0	0	24532
1829-10-07T13:00	33.87	-17.63	79	6.7		20.0		VM	8	-22	4	68.00		OTZ		4				V04 (DD2)		0	0	0	0	24533
1829-10-08T13:00	31.85	-18.37	70	12.3		21.1		VM	8	-20	6	70.00		O		6				V04		0	0	0	0	24534
1829-10-09T13:00	29.32	-19.75	48	9.3	1022.8	22.2		VM	8	-20	5	72.00	30.20	ONO		5				V04		0	0	0	0	24535
1829-10-10T13:00	26.82	-21.18	4	6.7	1021.1	22.2		VM	8	-19	4	72.00	30.15	NNO		4					H00	0	0	0	0	24536
1829-10-11T13:00	24.82	-21.02	37	4.6	1019.4	23.3		VM	8	-19	3	74.00	30.10	NOTO		3				V04	H00	0	0	0	0	24537
1829-10-12T13:00	23.05	-21.87	26	9.3	1019.4	23.3		VM	8	-19	5	74.00	30.10	NO		5	W34, UIT WZW			V05		0	0	0	1	24538
1829-10-13T14:00	20.88	-23.92	29	9.3	1019.4	24.4		VM	8	-16	5	76.00	30.10	NO		5					H01	0	0	0	0	24539
1829-10-14T14:00	18.52	-25.28	52	4.6	1016.0	26.7		VM	8	-16	3	80.00	30.00	ONO		3					H01	0	0	0	0	24540
1829-10-15T14:00	16.85	-25.85	75	12.3	1016.0	26.7		VM	8	-15	6	80.00	30.00	O		6					H01 (DD1)	0	0	0	0	24541
1829-10-16T14:00	14.47	-25.40	75	9.3	1016.0	27.8		VM	8	-15	5	82.00	30.00	O		5			Z04 UIT Z		H00	0	0	0	0	24542
1829-10-17T14:00	12.45	-24.35	65	9.3	1032.9			VM	8	-14	5		30.50	OTN		5		W20		V05, V10		0	1	0	0	24543
1829-10-18T14:00	10.65	-23.17	31	2.6		28.3		VM	8	-14	2	83.00		NO		2					H00	0	0	0	0	24544
1829-10-19T14:00	9.42	-22.58	76	2.6	1016.0	28.3		VM	8	-14	2	83.00	30.00	O		2					H00	0	0	0	0	24545
1829-10-20T13:00	8.40	-22.00	97	2.6				VM	8	-16	2			OZO		2	W00			V04		1	0	0	0	24546
1829-10-21T13:00	8.25	-21.93	361			27.8		VM	8	-16		82.00		STIL						V05		0	0	0	0	24547
1829-10-22T13:00	8.18	-20.90	164		1016.0	28.3		VM	8	-16		83.00	30.00	Z			W00	W20		V10		1	1	0	0	24548
1829-10-23T13:00	8.00	-20.72	164	2.6	999.1	27.8		VM	8	-16	2	82.00	29.50	Z		2				V04		0	0	0	0	24549
1829-10-24T13:00	7.75	-20.42	254	2.6		28.3		VM	8	-16	2	83.00		W		2					H00 (DD1)	0	0	0	0	24550
1829-10-25T13:00	7.43	-19.70	164			28.9		VM	8	-16		84.00		Z			W00					1	0	0	0	24551
1829-10-26T13:00	7.13	-19.55	74	2.6		28.9		VM	8	-16	2	84.00		O		2	W00 (DD1)					1	0	0	0	24552
1829-10-27T13:00	6.60	-19.60	130	4.6		29.4		VM	8	-16	3	85.00		ZOTZ		3	W02					1	0	0	0	24553
1829-10-28T13:00	5.60	-20.20	74	2.6				VM	8	-16	2			O		2	W02	W20				1	1	0	0	24554
1829-10-29T13:00	5.20	-19.98	164	2.6				VM	8	-16	2			Z		2	W00 (DD1)					1	0	0	0	24555
1829-10-30T13:00	4.68	-19.40	164	2.6		28.3		VM	8	-16	2	83.00		Z		2					H00	0	0	0	0	24556
1829-10-31T13:00	4.50	-18.72	187			28.9		VM	8	-16		84.00		ZZW			W00	W20		V06		1	1	0	0	24557
1829-11-01T13:00	4.32	-18.37	130	4.6				VM	8	-16	3			ZOTZ		3				V04		0	0	0	0	24558
1829-11-02T13:00	3.33	-18.90	142	4.6		27.8		VM	8	-16	3	82.00		ZZO		3					H00	0	0	0	0	24559
1829-11-03T13:00	2.30	-20.48	120	9.3	999.1	27.8		VM	8	-15	5	82.00	29.50	ZO		5				V04		0	0	0	0	24560
1829-11-04T14:00	0.55	-23.17	134	9.3	999.1	27.8		VM	8	-12	5	82.00	29.50	ZOTZ		5					H00	0	0	0	0	24561
1829-11-05T14:00	-1.17	-25.40	134	12.3	982.1	27.2		VM	8	-12	6	81.00	29.00	ZOTZ		6				V05		0	0	0	0	24562
1829-11-06T14:00	-3.35	-25.10	101	15.4	999.1	27.2		VM	8	-12	7	81.00	29.50	OZO		7						0	0	0	0	24563
1829-11-07T14:00	-5.83	-26.02	112	12.3	999.1			VM	8	-12	6		29.50	ZOTO		6					H00 (DD1)	0	0	0	0	24564
1829-11-08T14:00	-8.75	-26.92	102	15.4	999.1	27.2		VM	8	-11	7	81.00	29.50	OZO		7				V04		0	0	0	0	24565
1829-11-09T14:00	-11.72	-27.25	79	6.7	1014.3	27.8		VM	8	-11	4	82.00	29.95	O		4					H00 (DD1)	0	0	0	0	24566
1829-11-10T14:00	-14.67	-26.37	69	6.7	1014.3	27.2		VM	8	-10	4	81.00	29.95	OTN		4		W20 (DD1)		V10 (DD1)		0	1	0	0	24567
1829-11-11T14:00	-17.73	-24.95	81	9.3	1019.4	27.2		VM	8	-9	5	81.00	30.10	O		5				V05		0	0	0	0	24568
1829-11-12T14:00	-19.87	-23.78	25	12.3	1032.9	27.2		VM	8	-9	6	81.00	30.50	NOTN		6		W20		V05		0	1	0	0	24569
1829-11-13T13:00	-21.75	-22.13	10	4.6	1016.0	23.3		VM	8	-13	3	74.00	30.00	NNO		3				V05		0	0	0	0	24570
1829-11-14T13:00	-23.10	-21.35	89	6.7	1016.0	23.9		VM	8	-12	4	75.00	30.00	OTZ		4				V04		0	0	0	0	24571
1829-11-15T13:00	-24.83	-19.78	78	9.3	1049.8	23.9		VM	8	-12	5	75.00	31.00	O		5				V05		0	0	0	0	24572
1829-11-16T13:00	-27.40	-17.98	67	12.3		23.3		VM	8	-12	6	74.00		OTN		6				V10 (DD2)		0	0	0	0	24573
1829-11-17T13:00	-30.08	-16.10	32	9.3	1016.0	21.7		VM	8	-13	5	71.00	30.00	NO	O	5			Z03		H00	0	0	0	0	24574
1829-11-18T13:00	-31.60	-13.65	32	9.3	1026.1	21.1		VM	8	-13	5	70.00	30.30	NO		5				V10		0	0	0	0	24575
1829-11-19T13:00	-32.73	-11.45	30	15.4	1027.8	17.8		VM	8	-15	7	64.00	30.35	NO		7					H00 (DD2)	0	0	0	0	24576
1829-11-20T12:00	-34.12	-7.40	353	12.3	1022.8	20.6		VM	8	-18	6	69.00	30.20	NTO		6					H00	0	0	0	0	24577
1829-11-21T12:00	-34.90	-3.30	331	9.3	1022.8	20.0		VM	8	-18	5	68.00	30.20	NTW		5				V05		0	0	0	0	24578
1829-11-22T12:00	-35.68	-0.35	2	9.3	1022.8	18.9		VM	8	-21	5	66.00	30.20	NNO		5				V05		0	0	0	0	24579
1829-11-23T12:00	-36.20	3.13	269	9.3	1021.1	18.9		VM	8	-24	5	66.00	30.15	WNW		5				V10, V05		0	0	0	0	24580
1829-11-24T12:00	-36.82	5.75	224	12.3	1019.4	17.2		VM	8	-24	6	63.00	30.10	WZW	ZW	6			Z04			0	0	0	0	24581
1829-11-25T11:00	-37.82	10.35	290	6.7		15.0		VM	8	-25	4	59.00		NW		4				V05		0	0	0	0	24582
1829-11-26T11:00	-38.17	12.35	279		1022.8	15.6		VM	8	-25		60.00	30.20	NWTW			W00					1	0	0	0	24583
1829-11-27T11:00	-38.60	15.27	266	19.0	1016.0	15.6		VM	8	-27	8	60.00	30.00	WNW		8				V10		0	0	0	0	24584
1829-11-28T11:00	-38.83	19.52	265	15.4	1007.5	17.2		VM	8	-28	7	63.00	29.75	WNW	ZW	7			Z04 (DD2)			0	0	0	0	24585
1829-11-29T10:00	-38.75	23.10	240	15.4	1009.2	18.9		VM	8	-30	7	66.00	29.80	W		7					H00	0	0	0	0	24586
1829-11-30T10:00	-39.07	27.27	128	9.3	1012.6	19.4		VM	8	-30	5	67.00	29.90	ZZO		5				V05 (DD2)		0	0	0	0	24587
1829-12-01T10:00	-38.63	30.65	60	6.7	1024.5	18.9		VM	8	-30	4	66.00	30.25	O		4				V04		0	0	0	0	24588
1829-12-02T02:00	-39.28	31.42	285		1019.4	18.9		HW	8	-30		66.00	30.10	NW	O			W20	Z04			0	1	0	0	24589
1829-12-03T10:00	-39.88	34.80	284	4.6	1005.8	18.3		VM	8	-31	3	65.00	29.70	NW		3				V10, V03 (DD1)		0	0	0	0	24590
1829-12-04T09:00	-39.53	38.30	341	12.3	1014.3	16.7		VM	8	-30	6	62.00	29.95	NTO	ZW	6			Z04	V05		0	0	0	0	24591
1829-12-05T09:00	-40.02	43.35	38	12.3	1007.5	18.9		VM	8	-30	6	66.00	29.75	ONO		6		W20				0	1	0	0	24592
1829-12-06T09:00	-39.82	46.88	173	12.3	997.4	20.0		VM	8	-30	6	68.00	29.45	ZZW		6	W00		Z04 UIT ZW, Z01 UIT ZZW	V04		1	0	0	0	24593
1829-12-07T09:00	-38.03	50.80	264	9.3	997.4	15.0		VM	8	-29	5	59.00	29.45	WNW	ZW	5			Z04 (DD2)			0	0	0	0	24594
1829-12-08T08:00	-38.37	54.65	242	12.3	1016.0	15.0		VM	8	-28	6	59.00	30.00	W		6	W10					0	0	1	0	24595
1829-12-09T08:00	-38.92	58.42	221	9.3	1016.0	16.7		VM	8	-27	5	62.00	30.00	WZW	ZW	5			Z04			0	0	0	0	24596
1829-12-10T08:00	-38.83	61.60	356	4.6	1022.8	15.6		VM	8	-27	3	60.00	30.20	NNO		3					H00	0	0	0	0	24597
1829-12-11T08:00	-38.88	63.93	245	9.3	1019.4	17.8		VM	8	-25	5	64.00	30.10	W		5	W00, W10					1	0	1	0	24598
1829-12-12T07:00	-39.13	67.89	246	19.0	985.5	17.8		VM	8	-24	8	64.00	29.10	W	WZW	8			Z04			0	0	0	0	24599
1829-12-13T07:00	-39.15	73.01	292	12.3	1012.6	16.7		VM	8	-23	6	62.00	29.90	NW		6	W10					0	0	1	0	24600
1829-12-14T07:00	-38.63	76.78	315	6.7	1012.6	17.2		VM	8	-23	4	63.00	29.90	NNW		4				V05		0	0	0	0	24601
1829-12-15T07:00	-38.40	78.47	1	22.6	1022.8	18.9		VM	8	-22	9	66.00	30.20	NNO		9	W10					0	0	1	0	24602
1829-12-16T06:00	-37.73	83.96	340	9.3	1021.1	20.0		VM	8	-20	5	68.00	30.15	N		5				V00		0	0	0	0	24603
1829-12-17T06:00	-36.97	87.22	255	15.4	1019.4	19.4		VM	8	-15	7	67.00	30.10	W		7		W20		V10		0	1	0	0	24604
1829-12-18T06:00	-35.33	90.79	144	12.3	1016.0	19.4		VM	8	-14	6	67.00	30.00	ZZO		6						0	0	0	0	24605
1829-12-19T06:00	-32.03	93.24	126	9.3	1021.1	20.0		VM	8	-9	5	68.00	30.15	ZO		5				V05 (DD1)		0	0	0	0	24606
1829-12-20T06:00	-28.87	95.25	92	6.7	1019.4	20.0		VM	8	-9	4	68.00	30.10	OTZ		4					H00	0	0	0	0	24607
1829-12-21T06:00	-25.95	97.07	129	12.3	1022.8	21.7		VM	8	-6	6	71.00	30.20	ZO		6					H00 (DD1)	0	0	0	0	24608
1829-12-22T05:00	-23.38	98.69	152	19.0	1019.4	22.2		VM	8	-6	8	72.00	30.10	ZZO		8					H00 (DD1)	0	0	0	0	24609
1829-12-23T05:00	-20.07	99.65	109	15.4	1019.4	23.3		VM	8	-4	7	74.00	30.10	OZO		7				V05		0	0	0	0	24610
1829-12-24T05:00	-16.80	100.82	88	15.4	1032.9	26.1		VM	8	-2	7	79.00	30.50	O		7				V05		0	0	0	0	24611
1829-12-25T05:00	-13.30	101.19	111	12.3	1032.9	27.8		VM	8	-2	6	82.00	30.50	OZO		6		W20 (DD2)		V10 (DD2)		0	1	0	0	24612
1829-12-26T05:00	-9.97	101.57	45	4.6		29.4		VM	8	0	3	85.00		NO		3	W00					1	0	0	0	24613
1829-12-27T05:00	-8.50	102.07	45	2.6	1014.3	30.0		VM	8	0	2	86.00	29.95	NO		2	W00			V10		1	0	0	0	24614
1829-12-28T05:00	-8.08	102.51	360	2.6		30.0		VM	8	0	2	86.00		N		2	W00					1	0	0	0	24615
1829-12-29T05:00	-8.10	103.27	23	2.6	1014.3	30.0		VM	8	0	2	86.00	29.95	NNO		2				V10		0	0	0	0	24616
1829-12-30T05:00	-7.38	102.41	1	2.6	1016.0	30.0		VM	8	1	2	86.00	30.00	N		2	W00	W20				1	1	0	0	24617
1829-12-31T05:00	-7.13	103.41	294	9.3	1012.6	26.7		VM	8	1	5	80.00	29.90	WNW		5		W20 (DD2)				0	1	0	0	24618
1830-01-01T05:00	-6.33	105.00	362	6.7		28.3		VM	8	1	4	83.00		RONDOM		4	W00	W20				1	1	0	0	24619
1830-01-02T05:00	-6.10	106.86					1	VM	8	1												0	0	0	0	24620