García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during BALEINE cruise from Colombo to Princes Island started at 1761-12-13 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747577, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -1.330833 * Median Longitude: 90.983333 * South-bound Latitude: -6.330000 * West-bound Longitude: 81.350000 * North-bound Latitude: 4.620000 * East-bound Longitude: 103.910000
Date/Time Start: 1761-12-13T07:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1762-01-06T05:00:00
Event(s):
Baleine_17611213_NMM_ADM/L/B6 * Latitude Start: 6.910000 * Longitude Start: 79.800000 * Latitude End: -6.330000 * Longitude End: 103.550000 * Date/Time Start: 1761-12-13T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1762-01-06T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Baleine (5th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Colombo (Sri Lanka) - Princes Island (Java), 1st Observer: Philip Affleck (Captain), 2nd Observer: Richard Douglas (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 32G 702BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 15 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 16 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 17 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 18 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 19 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 20 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 21 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 22 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 23 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 24 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 25 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 26 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
469 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 15 V descr | 16 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 17 Precip descr | 18 Clearness | 19 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 20 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 21 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 22 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 23 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 24 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 25 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 26 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1761-12-13T07:00 | 4.62 | 81.35 | 45 | 19.0 | DUNDERHEAD | NNW3/4W | 30 | SSE3/4E | 89.00 | 0 | SBW, ESE, ENE, NE | SW | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST PART FAIR, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24128 | |||
| 1761-12-14T06:00 | 3.73 | 82.55 | 46 | 19.0 | ENGANO | S65:00E | 433 | SE3/4E | 90.00 | 1 | NE | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24129 | ||||
| 1761-12-15T06:00 | 3.25 | 83.26 | 46 | 6.7 | OURAI | S68E | 82 | SEBE | 52.00 | 1 | NEBE, EBS, NE | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24130 | ||||
| 1761-12-16T06:00 | 2.90 | 83.78 | 362 | ENGANO | S66E | 403 | SEBE | 38.00 | 1 | VARIABLE | SQUALLY | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24131 | ||||
| 1761-12-17T06:00 | 2.80 | 84.45 | 69 | 1.0 | OURAI | S67:20E | 57 | E3/4S | 40.00 | CURRENT CARRIED 11 NM N OF ACCT | 1 | NE, NNW, NBE, ENE | N | LIGHT AIRS | FIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24132 | ||
| 1761-12-18T06:00 | 2.80 | 84.51 | 226 | ENGANO | S64:57E | 389 | E1/2S | 4.00 | 1 | WNW, SW, NNE, SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LIGHT AIRS, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART FAIR, MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24133 | ||||
| 1761-12-19T06:00 | 2.92 | 84.35 | 362 | 1.0 | OURAI | S66:00E | 59 | NW3/4W | 13.00 | 1 | VARIABLE | NW | 1 KNOT/HR | FIRST PART SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS | LATTER HEAVY RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24134 | |
| 1761-12-20T06:00 | 2.68 | 84.56 | 362 | 1.0 | OURAI | S69:19E | 54 | S40E | 19.00 | 1 | VARIABLE | NW (NNW?) | 4 FATHOMS/HR | LIGHT AIRS | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24135 | |
| 1761-12-22T06:00 | 1.40 | 85.93 | 362 | OURAI | N6:09E | 24 | S46E | 60.00 | 0 | VARIABLE | SQUALLY | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24136 | ||||
| 1761-12-23T06:00 | 0.10 | 86.86 | 362 | 6.7 | ENGANO | S70:04E | 325 | S35E | 97.00 | 0 | VARIABLE | FIRST PART FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART RAIN | MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24137 | |||
| 1761-12-24T06:00 | -0.18 | 86.86 | 362 | 1.0 | ENGANO | S70:48E | 319 | SSE3/4E | 20.00 | 0 | VARIABLE | LIGHT AIRS | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24138 | |||
| 1761-12-25T06:00 | -1.35 | 88.23 | 293 | 1.0 | ENGANO | S73:37E | 289 | SE | 100.00 | 0 | W, WBS, WNW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER LIGHT AIRS ATTENDED WITH SQUALLS | MIDDLE RAIN | FIRST AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24139 | |||
| 1761-12-26T06:00 | -2.47 | 89.66 | 225 | ENGANO | S75:57E | 248 | S52E | 109.00 | 0 | SW, WNW, W, SW | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS SQUALLY, MIDDLE MODERATE | FIRST AND LATTER RAIN | MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24140 | ||||
| 1761-12-27T06:00 | -2.92 | 90.60 | 281 | 19.0 | ENGANO | S77:40E | 236 | ESE1/2S | 62.00 | 0 | WSW, SW, WBN | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | FIRST AND LATTER RAIN | MIDDLE CLOUY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24141 | |||
| 1761-12-28T06:00 | -4.02 | 92.83 | 337 | 6.7 | ENGANO | S82:07E | 206 | S48E | 99.00 | -1 | W, WSW, NNW | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24142 | ||||
| 1761-12-29T06:00 | -4.63 | 93.60 | 362 | 1.0 | ENGANO | S88:14E | 192 | SE1/2E | 59.00 | -1 | VARIABLE | FIRST PART SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS | FIRST PART RAIN | MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24143 | |||
| 1761-12-30T06:00 | -5.15 | 95.55 | 314 | 6.7 | ENGANO | S88:00E | 160 | EBS3/4S | 92.00 | -1 | NW, N, NW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24144 | ||||
| 1761-12-31T06:00 | -5.15 | 96.75 | 362 | 6.7 | ENGANO | S89:11E | 140 | S81E | 72.00 | -1 | VARIABLE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24145 | ||||
| 1762-01-01T05:00 | -5.37 | 98.18 | 247 | 6.7 | ENGANO | S89:19E | 111 | S89W | 89.00 | -1 | S, WBS, WSW | FIRST PART SQUALLY, MIDDLE FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART RAIN | MIDDLE CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24146 | |||
| 1762-01-02T05:00 | -5.28 | 99.70 | 362 | ENGANO | S87:57E | 88 | N87E | 91.00 | -1 | VARIABLE | SQUALLY | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24147 | |||||
| 1762-01-03T05:00 | -5.52 | 100.40 | 362 | ENGANO | SN88:33E | 63 | S86E | 44.00 | -1 | VARIABLE | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDE LIGHT AIRS, LATTER SQUALLY | MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN | FIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24148 | ||||
| 1762-01-04T05:00 | -5.55 | 102.18 | 269 | ENGANO | N88:33E | 31 | S89E | 107.00 | -1 | WNW, NW, W | FIRST AND MIDDLE MODERATE, MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS, LATTER SQUALLY | FIRST AND MIDDLE HAZY, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24149 | |||||
| 1762-01-05T05:00 | -5.22 | 103.91 | 362 | 19.0 | ENGANO | S55W | 8 | N80E | 112.00 | -2 | VARIABLE | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24150 | ||||
| 1762-01-06T05:00 | -6.33 | 103.55 | 362 | 22.6 | ENGANO | N54W | 32 | S54E | 96.00 | -2 | VARIABLE | STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24151 |