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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during AURORA cruise from Java to Texel started at 1836-10-17 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747566, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -2.605727 * Median Longitude: 14.448545 * South-bound Latitude: -35.100000 * West-bound Longitude: -33.880000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.180000 * East-bound Longitude: 107.930000
Date/Time Start: 1836-10-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1837-02-09T00:00:00
Event(s):
Aurora_18361017_C_REIS_16_P198-209 * Latitude Start: -7.500000 * Longitude Start: 101.850000 * Latitude End: 53.090000 * Longitude End: 4.670000 * Date/Time Start: 1836-10-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1837-02-09T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Aurora (Fregat), Voyage: Java - Texel, 1st Observer: J.A. de Maas (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
12 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
13 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
14 CommentCommentAny remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc.
15 CommentCommentAny remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about any biological item
16 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
17 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
18 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
19 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
20 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
21 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
22 Present weatherwwWeather description
23 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
24 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
25 ClearnessClearness
26 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
27 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
28 FogFog1 If fog was reported
29 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
30 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
31 HailHail1 If hail was reported
32 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
33 CommentComment
34 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2292 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
12 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
13 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
14 
Comment
(Any remark, found in the logb...)
15 
Comment
(Any remark, found in the logb...)
16 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
17 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
18 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
19 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
20 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
21 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
22 
ww
(Weather description)
23 
Precip descr
24 
State sea descr
25 
Clearness
26 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
27 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
28 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
29 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
30 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
31 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
32 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
33 
Comment
34 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1836-10-17T00:00000000022633
1836-10-18T05:00-8.90107.93VM80000000022634
1836-10-19T05:00-10.75105.501354.6VM803ZO3000000022635
1836-10-20T05:00-11.73102.521359.31009.227.8VM80582.0029.80ZO5000000022636
1836-10-21T05:00-13.0399.601569.31008.228.1VM8-2582.5029.77ZZO5000000022637
1836-10-22T06:00-14.1296.7615612.31009.227.8VM8-2682.0029.80ZZO6000000022638
1836-10-23T06:00-14.9793.751339.31008.527.2VM8-2581.0029.78ZO5000000022639
1836-10-24T06:00-15.9790.571336.71007.527.8VM8-2482.0029.75ZO4000000022640
1836-10-25T06:00-16.9887.441559.31009.226.1VM8-3579.0029.80ZZO5000000022641
1836-10-26T06:00-17.8884.781309.31009.226.7VM8-5580.0029.80ZO5000000022642
1836-10-27T07:00-18.9781.631079.31008.525.6VM8-6578.0029.78OZO5000000022643
1836-10-28T07:00-19.8378.731529.31009.225.8VM8-6578.5029.80ZZO5000000022644
1836-10-29T07:00-20.4376.771076.71008.525.6VM8-6478.0029.78OZO4000000022645
1836-10-30T07:00-21.1074.331524.61007.525.0VM8-6377.0029.75ZZO3000000022646
1836-10-31T07:00-21.9772.72846.71007.925.6VM8-6478.0029.76O4W02, W34, WEERLICHT IN HET ZO-O. ZWARE BUIEN, RONDOM WEERLICHT.100010022647
1836-11-01T07:00-22.7370.13792.61011.925.6VM8-11278.0029.88O2DIKKE DONDERLUCHTW28, HARDE HAGEL000011022648
1836-11-02T07:00-23.1068.831022.61009.226.1VM8-11279.0029.80OZO2DE LUCHT WERKT UIT HET ZUIDEN OPZEE SCHIET UIT DIEN HOEK AAN.000000022649
1836-11-03T08:00-23.6067.251234.61010.926.1VM8-12379.0029.85ZO3WOLKEN000000022650
1836-11-04T08:00-24.1765.1416812.31010.623.9VM8-12675.0029.84Z6OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT, SCHIETENDE WIND UIT VAN STIL TOT 6, OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHTW21 MET REGEN010000022651
1836-11-05T08:00-25.0762.621469.31017.722.2VM8-12572.0030.05ZZO5000000022652
1836-11-06T08:00-26.0260.32994.61017.021.7VM8-14371.0030.03OZO3000000022653
1836-11-07T08:00-27.0558.27316.71014.322.2VM8-14472.0029.95NO4W10, MISTIGE LUCHT UIT HET NO.001000022654
1836-11-08T08:00-26.9057.321874.61007.523.3VM8-16374.0029.75ZZW3000000022655
1836-11-09T08:00-27.0556.321644.61014.322.8VM8-16373.0029.95Z3OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT, BUIIGE LUCHT, OVERDRIJVENDE BUIIGE LUCHT UIT HET ZW-W.100000022656
1836-11-10T08:00-27.0055.28971014.322.8VM8-1673.0029.95OZO000000022657
1836-11-11T09:00-27.7052.331599.31016.021.7VM8-21571.0030.00Z5000000022658
1836-11-12T09:00-28.3049.98476.71015.321.1VM8-21470.0029.98ONO4OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT, OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT UIT HET W-WZWZ04, HOGE DEINING UIT W-WZW000000022659
1836-11-13T09:00-28.7347.45226.71009.223.3VM8-23474.0029.80NO4W30, WEERLICHT UIT HET NO-NW.000010022660
1836-11-14T09:00-29.3846.43221.01004.123.9VM8-23175.0029.65NO1W10, GRAUWE MISTIGE LUCHT, WEERLICHT IN HET NO.001000022661
1836-11-15T09:00-29.6045.57671.01007.524.4VM8-23176.0029.75O1000000022662
1836-11-16T09:00-30.1843.07224.61007.525.6VM8-23378.0029.75NO3000000022663
1836-11-17T09:00-30.4241.38432.61007.524.4VM8-25276.0029.75ONO2000000022664
1836-11-18T09:00-30.9239.00432.61006.523.9VM8-25275.0029.72ONO2000000022665
1836-11-19T09:00-31.4538.153136.71001.823.9VM8-25475.0029.58NNW4000000022666
1836-11-20T10:00-31.9235.431546.71002.424.4VM8-26476.0029.60Z4W02, ZWARE BUIEN, HARDE DONDERSLAGENGROTE REGENDRUPPELS.110010022667
1836-11-21T10:00-32.7133.10844.61010.922.2VM8-29372.0029.85OZO3000000022668
1836-11-22T10:00-33.2229.553099.31005.822.8VM8-29573.0029.70NNW5W10, OPW. MIST UIT HET NW001000022669
1836-11-23T10:00-33.7028.00844.61010.921.7VM8-29371.0029.85OZO3W10, W30, WEERLICHT IN HET NO-O, MIST UIT HET NW.001010022670
1836-11-24T10:00-34.0026.953094.61003.124.4VM8-29376.0029.62NNW3W30, DONDERLUCHT UIT HET NW, WEERLICHT NW.000010022671
1836-11-25T10:00-33.8726.2526422.61005.824.4VM8-29976.0029.70WNW9W30, WEERLICHT IN HET NO000010022672
1836-11-26T10:00-34.3727.1221919.01011.920.0VM8-29868.0029.88WZW8000000022673
1836-11-27T10:00-34.4024.80392.61012.620.6VM8-29269.0029.90ONO2LOPENDE ZEEEN.000000022674
1836-11-28T10:00-34.6023.13614.61007.521.1KAAP FRANCISN21VM8-29370.0029.75O3000000022675
1836-11-29T11:00-34.6721.981292.61005.122.2VM8-29272.0029.68ZZO2000000022676
1836-11-30T10:00-34.9722.5228622.6998.423.3VM8-29974.0029.48NW9000000022677
1836-12-01T10:00-35.1022.6524122.61002.422.2VM8-29972.0029.60W9Z01, HOGE VERBOLGEN ZEE.000000022678
1836-12-02T11:00-34.8520.5217412.31014.320.0KAAP AGULHASW7VM8-29668.0029.95ZZW6000000022679
1836-12-03T11:00-34.4017.28859.31018.720.6VM8-28569.0030.08OZO5000000022680
1836-12-04T11:00-32.8713.951079.31017.722.2VM8-28572.0030.05ZO5000000022681
1836-12-05T11:00-31.179.971319.31011.922.2VM8-27572.0029.88ZZO5000000022682
1836-12-06T12:00-29.326.971339.31009.222.2VM8-25572.0029.80ZZO5000000022683
1836-12-07T12:00-27.724.101109.31012.622.2VM8-25572.0029.90ZO5000000022684
1836-12-08T12:00-26.201.781126.71013.320.6VM8-23469.0029.92ZO4000000022685
1836-12-09T12:00-24.68-0.22906.71014.321.1VM8-23470.0029.95OZO4000000022686
1836-12-10T12:00-23.57-1.82904.61012.622.2VM8-23372.0029.90OZO3000000022687
1836-12-11T12:00-22.17-2.87914.61010.922.8VM8-22373.0029.85OZO3000000022688
1836-12-12T12:00-20.45-3.96464.61011.923.9VM8-22375.0029.88ONO3000000022689
1836-12-13T12:00-18.18-5.14684.61012.622.8VM8-22373.0029.90O3000000022690
1836-12-14T12:00-16.07-5.50686.71009.222.8ST HELENAN81WVM8-22473.0029.80O4000000022691
1836-12-15T00:00JAMES TOWNZ33O1VM8000000022692
1836-12-18T00:001356.71008.523.9JAMES TOWNZ43O21VM8475.0029.78ZO4000000022693
1836-12-19T12:00-14.58-7.381134.61007.923.3VM8-22374.0029.76ZO3000000022694
1836-12-20T13:00-13.20-9.001156.71007.523.9VM8-20475.0029.75ZO4000000022695
1836-12-21T13:00-11.65-10.731154.61007.524.4VM8-20376.0029.75ZO3000000022696
1836-12-22T13:00-10.12-12.151156.71005.825.6VM8-20478.0029.70ZO4000000022697
1836-12-23T13:00-8.43-13.631176.71009.225.0ASCEUCIONN4O8VM8-18477.0029.80ZO4000000022698
1836-12-24T13:00-6.52-15.571176.71005.826.7VM8-18480.0029.70ZO4000000022699
1836-12-25T13:00-4.42-16.731176.71005.826.7VM8-18480.0029.70ZO4000000022700
1836-12-26T13:00-2.72-17.671434.61006.527.8VM8-15382.0029.72ZZO3000000022701
1836-12-27T13:00-0.75-19.331192.61006.527.8VM8-16282.0029.72ZO2000000022702
1836-12-28T13:001.30-19.371194.61005.827.8VM8-16382.0029.70ZO3000000022703
1836-12-29T13:003.45-20.621194.61005.829.4VM8-16385.0029.70ZO3000000022704
1836-12-30T13:004.83-20.47741006.528.9VM8-1684.0029.72OW30, BLIKSEM IN HET NO-O.000010022705
1836-12-31T13:004.95-20.471192.6VM8-162ZO2W43, DONDER BLIKSEM.000010022706
1837-01-01T13:005.92-20.831192.61007.530.0VM8-16286.0029.75ZO2000000022707
1837-01-02T13:006.22-21.1072.61007.528.3VM8-16283.0029.75NNO2W43, GEHELE ETMAAL DONDER, BLIKSEMW21, REGEN010010022708
1837-01-03T13:006.83-21.453442.61006.528.3VM8-16283.0029.72N2000000022709
1837-01-04T14:007.18-22.75316.71007.527.2VM8-14481.0029.75NO4000000022710
1837-01-05T14:008.57-24.42534.61009.226.7VM8-15380.0029.80ONO3000000022711
1837-01-06T14:0010.30-25.40306.71012.627.2VM8-15481.0029.90NO4000000022712
1837-01-07T14:0012.03-26.78309.31010.925.6VM8-15578.0029.85NO5000000022713
1837-01-08T14:0014.05-28.40319.31012.625.6VM8-14578.0029.90NO5000000022714
1837-01-09T14:0016.23-29.67319.31012.625.6VM8-14578.0029.90NO5000000022715
1837-01-10T14:0018.52-30.66309.31012.624.4VM8-15576.0029.90NO5000000022716
1837-01-11T14:0020.70-32.05306.71014.322.2VM8-15472.0029.95NO4000000022717
1837-01-12T14:0022.43-33.28326.71012.621.7VM8-13471.0029.90NO4000000022718
1837-01-13T14:0023.55-32.68751.01010.922.2VM8-15172.0029.85O1000000022719
1837-01-14T14:0024.18-33.8021012.31009.222.8VM8-15673.0029.80ZW6W30, WEERLICHT IN HET NW.000010022720
1837-01-15T14:0026.47-32.482082.61009.923.3VM8-17274.0029.82ZW2W02, SCHIETENDE WIND MET EEN DONDERBUI.100000022721
1837-01-16T14:0028.50-33.532534.61010.922.8VM8-17373.0029.85W3Z01, HOGE ZEE UIT HET NW.000000022722
1837-01-17T14:0030.27-33.882089.31009.223.3VM8-17574.0029.80ZW5000000022723
1837-01-18T14:0032.83-32.581604.61009.222.8VM8-20373.0029.80Z3000000022724
1837-01-19T14:0035.27-32.7329512.31005.120.6VM8-20669.0029.68NW6W30, DONDERLICHT.000010022725
1837-01-20T14:0037.25-32.8918315.4997.422.8VM8-20773.0029.45ZZW7000000022726
1837-01-21T14:0039.93-31.9222430.9985.522.8VM8-241173.0029.10WZW11W30, VLIEGENDE STORM, WEERLICHT IN HET N-NNOHEUVELHOGE ZEE000010022727
1837-01-22T14:0041.68-29.7824626.8972.021.7VM8WORDEN GENOODZAAKT BIJ TE LEGGEN, VREZEN ELK OGENBLIK.-241071.0028.70W10BUITENGEWONE KRACHT VAN WINDZ02, SCHIETENDE ZEE000000022728
1837-01-23T14:0041.67-27.8833626.8978.722.2VM8-241072.0028.90N10000000022729
1837-01-24T14:0041.42-26.43214.61012.617.8VM8-24364.0029.90NO3000000022730
1837-01-25T14:0041.40-25.872462.61012.618.9VM8ZEER SCHOON NOORDERLICHT, VLAMMENDE VAN HET N-NNO NAAR HET OOST EN WEST.-24266.0029.90W2000000022731
1837-01-26T14:0042.30-24.432244.61010.920.0VM8-24368.0029.85WZW3ZWARE DAUWH03000000022732
1837-01-27T14:0043.37-22.7031112.31005.818.9VM8-27666.0029.70NNW6W02, W30, DE WIND MET EEN ZWARE BUI NW, WEERLICHT IN HET O.100010022733
1837-01-28T13:0044.40-20.301989.31007.516.7VM8-27562.0029.75ZW5000000022734
1837-01-29T13:0045.60-18.0028812.3995.716.7VM8-27662.0029.40NW6000000022735
1837-01-30T13:0047.40-14.7724412.3994.014.4VM8-26658.0029.35W6000000022736
1837-01-31T13:0048.78-11.552666.7997.413.3VM8-27456.0029.45WNW4000000022737
1837-02-01T13:0049.35-8.97631007.515.6VM8-2760.0029.75O000000022738
1837-02-02T13:0048.83-7.6317612.31009.915.6VM8-27660.0029.82ZZW6000000022739
1837-02-03T12:0049.70-5.22884.61013.314.41VM8-25358.0029.92OZO3000000022740
1837-02-04T12:0050.05-4.17884.61015.611.71VM8-25353.0029.99OZO30000000a trivial correction was made in this observation22741
1837-02-05T12:0050.25-2.721102.61016.010.01VM8-25250.0030.00ZO2000000022742
1837-02-06T12:0050.35-1.481124.61021.110.01VM8-23350.0030.15ZO3000000022743
1837-02-07T12:0050.45-0.171124.61017.78.91VM8-23348.0030.05ZO3000000022744
1837-02-08T12:0052.183.4015912.31017.79.41VM8-21649.0030.05Z6000000022745
1837-02-09T00:001804.61VM83Z3000000022746