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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ARGO cruise from Spithead to St. Helena started at 1794-03-22 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747474, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 0.376538 * Median Longitude: -18.344231 * South-bound Latitude: -27.720000 * West-bound Longitude: -31.520000 * North-bound Latitude: 48.220000 * East-bound Longitude: -1.600000
Date/Time Start: 1794-03-22T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1794-06-18T12:00:00
Event(s):
Argo_17940322_NMM_ADM/L/A170 * Latitude Start: 50.680000 * Longitude Start: -0.960000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1794-03-22T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1794-06-18T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Argo (5th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Spithead - St Helena, 1st Observer: William Clark (Captain), 2nd Observer: William Miller (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 44G 879BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Present weatherwwWeather description
16 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 CommentComment
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1407 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
14 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
15 
ww
(Weather description)
16 
Precip descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
19 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
20 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
21 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
22 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
23 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
24 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
25 
Comment
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1794-03-22T12:0048.22-6.508919.0ST AGNESN26E38W170.00-24ESEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000017275
1794-03-23T13:0046.18-9.156719.0CAPE FINISTERRES17E76S42W162.00-23EFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000017276
1794-03-24T13:0045.57-10.152026.7CAPE FINISTERRES33E65S49W57.00-23NW, SWMODERATE BREEZESFAIR000000017277
1794-03-25T13:0045.08-11.651806.7FUNCHALS14W259S64W70.00-23SBE, SSWMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY000000017278
1794-03-26T13:0043.48-12.521226.7FUNCHALS12W224S22W100.00-24ESE, SEBSMODERATECLOUDY000000017279
1794-03-27T13:0042.97-12.072252.6FUNCHALS14W216S32E37.00-23SSW, WSWLIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLE000000017280
1794-03-28T13:0041.81-11.672266.7ROCK OF LISBONS40E90S19E55.00-22WSWMODERATEFAIR000000017281
1794-03-29T13:0040.65-11.1524819.0ROCK OF LISBONS54E64S15E95.00-22WFRESH GALESHAZY000000017282
1794-03-30T13:0039.37-11.8024819.0CAPE ST VINCENTS55E83S22W80.00-22WFRESH GALESHAZY000000017283
1794-03-31T13:0038.65-11.9024819.0CAPE ST VINCENTS65W80S6W44.00-22WFRESH GALESCLEAR000000017284
1794-04-01T13:0036.92-11.902616.7CAPE ST VINCENTNE74S104.00-20WBNMODERATECLEAR000000017285
1794-04-02T13:0036.13-12.182506.7S16W47.00-20WMODERATECLEAR000000017286
1794-04-03T13:0036.25-13.372506.7S86W67.00-20WMODERATECLEAR000000017287
1794-04-04T13:0034.65-14.15259.3S20W92.00-20NEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYRAIN010000017288
1794-04-05T13:0033.28-14.52256.7S11W90.00-20NEMODERATECLOUDY000000017289
1794-04-06T13:0031.90-16.23266.7-19NEMODERATECLOUDY000000017290
1794-04-07T13:0030.92-17.97276.7S48W86.00-18NEMODERATEFAIR000000017291
1794-04-08T13:0029.00-18.97276.7PALMAS24W126.00-18NEMODERATEFAIR000000017292
1794-04-09T13:0026.50-20.452819.0S29W174.00-17NEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000017293
1794-04-10T13:0023.93-21.805119.0S27W176.00-17ENEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000017294
1794-04-11T14:0021.03-22.955519.0S21W186.00-13ENEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY000000017295
1794-04-12T14:0017.88-23.481006.7S9W190.00-13ESEMODERATEPLEASANT WEATHER000000017296
1794-04-13T14:0016.28-23.831466.7ST NICHOLASWSW5S12W98.00-12SSEMODERATEPLEASANT WEATHER000000017297
1794-04-20T00:0012.63681.0PORT PRAYAN46S124.00ENELIGHT AIRSPLEASANT WEATHER000000017298
1794-04-21T14:0010.82-23.65122.6PORT PRAYAE81S4W119.00-11NNELIGHT BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHER000000017299
1794-04-22T14:009.53-22.942822.6PORT PRAYANW107S9E78.00-11WNWLIGHT BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHER000000017300
1794-04-23T14:007.97-23.203621.0PORT PRAYAN3W141S8E96.00-11VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE000000017301
1794-04-24T14:006.97-23.003626.7PORT PRAYAN4W162S11E62.00-10VARIABLEMODERATEHAZY000000017302
1794-04-25T13:005.97-22.393626.7PORT PRAYAN7W195S31W70.00-12VARIABLEMODERATEHAZY000000017303
1794-04-26T13:004.68-21.92336.7PORT PRAYAN9W207S20W80.00-12NEMODERATEHAZY000000017304
1794-04-27T13:004.10-21.923626.7PORT PRAYAN11W220S20W80.00-12VARIABLEMODERATEHAZY000000017305
1794-04-28T13:003.75-20.923621.0PORT PRAYAN14W230S32E40.00-12VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND SQUALLY WITH CALMS AND VARIABLE WINDS000000017306
1794-04-29T13:003.45-20.30781.0PORT PRAYANW240S64E41.00-12ELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY000000017307
1794-04-30T13:003.12-21.051461.0PORT PRAYA241S24W50.00-12SSELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY000000017308
1794-05-01T13:002.50-21.873621.0ST PAULSS71W98S51W62.00-11VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE000000017309
1794-05-02T13:000.97-22.493622.6ST PAULSNW85S22W100.00-11VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHER000000017310
1794-05-03T14:00-0.57-22.691269.3ST PAULSN69W86S8W93.00-9SSE, EBS, SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000017311
1794-05-04T14:00-1.70-22.90921.0ST PAULSN56W93S11W70.00-9SEBE, EBSLIGHT AIRSCLOUDY000000017312
1794-05-05T14:00-3.37-23.101272.6ST PAULSN41W116S7W100.00-8SELIGHT BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHER000000017313
1794-05-06T14:00-5.80-24.021279.3S30W118.00-8SEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYCLOUDY000000017314
1794-05-07T14:00-6.15-25.301389.3S51W102.00-8SEBSFRESH BREEZESCLEAR000000017315
1794-05-08T14:00-7.97-26.3215119.0S29W126.00-7SSEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000017316
1794-05-09T14:00-9.63-26.5010619.0S6W102.00-7ESEFRESH GALESCLEAR000000017317
1794-05-10T14:00-11.53-26.5710619.0S2W114.00-7ESEFRESH GALESCLEAR000000017318
1794-05-11T14:00-12.70-26.78107S11W70.00-6ESECLOUDYRAIN010000017319
1794-05-12T14:00-13.78-27.451406.7S30W75.00-6SEBSLIGHT TRADESCLEAR000000017320
1794-05-13T14:00-13.90-26.17129S79E38.00-6SEBE, SEUNSETTLEDRAIN AT TIMES010000017321
1794-05-14T00:00-15.2536222.6S28:30W93.00VARIABLESTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY000000017322
1794-05-18T14:00-19.05-27.221411.0S20W82.00-5SEBSLIGHT AIRSCLEAR000000017323
1794-05-19T14:00-20.17-27.481301.0S14W67.00-5SELIGHT AIRSCLEAR000000017324
1794-05-20T14:00-21.68-30.501112.6S23W90.00-2ESELIGHT BREEZESFAIR000000017325
1794-05-21T14:00-22.42-31.4211122.6S27W110.00-2ESESTRONG GALESHAZY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation17326
1794-05-22T14:00-24.78-31.527822.6S3W85.00-1EBNSTRONG GALES000000017327
1794-05-23T14:00-25.95-30.72676.7S26:11E78.00-1ENEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR000000017328
1794-05-24T14:00-26.48-28.35229.3S3W85.00-1NNEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000017329
1794-05-25T14:00-26.50-25.823359.3S89:15W153.00-4NNWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000017330
1794-05-26T14:00-25.85-24.032906.7N80E97.00-4WBS, VARIABLE, W, WNWMODERATEFAIRHAZY000000017331
1794-05-27T14:00-25.20-23.3012122.6N85E72.00-4SEBESTRONG GALESRAIN010000017332
1794-05-28T14:00-24.05-22.5011822.6N32E82.00-6SEBESTRONG GALESRAIN AT TIMES010000017333
1794-05-29T13:00-22.88-21.77362N30E79.00-6VARIABLESQUALLYSHOWERS OF RAIN110000017334
1794-05-30T13:00-22.99-21.2711822.6ST HELENAN67E317N26E63.00-6EBS, ESE, SEBESTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY000000017335
1794-05-31T13:00-23.10-21.673626.7ST HELENAN64E323S22W63.00-6VARIABLEMODERATE000000017336
1794-06-01T13:00-23.85-21.24152ST HELENAN64E343S29E49.00-6SSEVARIABLE000000017337
1794-06-02T13:00-24.33-20.871076.7ST HELENAN60E328S43E36.00-6ESEMODERATECLEAR000000017338
1794-06-03T13:00-25.42-20.35152ST HELENAN56E332S19E68.00-6SSEVARIABLE000000017339
1794-06-04T13:00-26.63-18.243626.7ST HELENAN42E287S58E133.00-6VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR000000017340
1794-06-05T13:00-27.48-16.09366.7ST HELENAN86E277S67E121.00-9NEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR000000017341
1794-06-06T13:00-27.72-14.17156.7ST HELENAN34E277S82E103.00-8NNEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR000000017342
1794-06-07T13:00-27.38-12.5226.7ST HELENAN36E255N75E91.00-9NNE, NNW, NBEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR000000017343
1794-06-08T13:00-26.80-11.543621.0ST HELENAN86E235N53E62.00-12VARIABLELIGHT AIRSCLEAR000000017344
1794-06-09T13:00-27.10-10.663622.6ST HELENAN23E233S72E50.00-12VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000017345
1794-06-10T13:00-26.49-7.91116.7ST HELENAN12E204N75E150.00-12NNEFRESH BREEZES, MODERATECLOUDY000000017346
1794-06-11T12:00-24.78-4.91362ST HELENAN4W171N57E199.00-15VARIABLEFRESH BREEZES, SQUALLYCLEAR, CLOUDY000000017347
1794-06-12T12:00-22.91-3.003629.3ST HELENAN20W132N39E160.00-15VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESDRIZZLING RAINHAZY010000017348
1794-06-13T12:00-22.17-2.761190.0ST HELENAN25W123N19E37.00-16E, SEFRESZH BREEZES, CALMSMALL RAIN010000017349
1794-06-14T12:00-21.51-2.563551.0ST HELENAN24W110N14E44.00-16NEBN, NBELIGHT AIRSCLEAR000000017350
1794-06-15T12:00-19.02-1.60106ST HELENAN57W87N20E161.00-18SEBEMODERATE BREEZES, SQUALLYCLOUDYSMALL RAIN010000017351
1794-06-16T12:00-16.75-1.73949.3ST HELENAW73N3:20W141.00-19ESEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYHAZY000000017352
1794-06-17T12:00-16.67-3.851189.3ST HELENAN88W24N87W126.00-17SEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYHAZY000000017353
1794-06-18T12:00-15.90-5.471189.3ST HELENAWBS31N89W98.00-17SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000017354