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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ARETHUSA cruise from Torbay to St. Helena started at 1776-03-02 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747457, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 5.585385 * Median Longitude: -12.289846 * South-bound Latitude: -23.350000 * West-bound Longitude: -22.150000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.450000 * East-bound Longitude: -4.620000
Date/Time Start: 1776-03-02T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1776-05-24T12:00:00
Event(s):
Arethusa_17760302_NMM_ADM/L/A82 * Latitude Start: 50.437000 * Longitude Start: -3.528000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1776-03-02T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1776-05-24T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Arethusa (5th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Torbay - St Helena, 1st Observer: Digby Dent (Captain), 2nd Observer: John Buchart (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 32G 700BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
14 Current speed descriptionV descr
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Present weatherwwWeather description
17 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18 ClearnessClearness
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1278 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
14 
V descr
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
ww
(Weather description)
17 
Precip descr
18 
Clearness
19 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
20 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
21 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
22 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
23 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
24 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
25 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1776-03-02T12:0049.45-5.453621.0STARTN58E25S58W76.00-22NBW, CALM, VARIABLEFIRST PART FRESH GALES, LATTER LIGHT AIRSCLOUDYLATTER HAIL AND RAIN010000016101
1776-03-03T12:0048.18-7.371926.7STARTNE1/2E61SW108.00-22S-SWBSFIRST PART FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATELATTER CLOUDYFIRST PART RAIN010000016102
1776-03-04T13:0045.75-8.123176.7STARTNEBN105S7W148.00-21WSW, W, NNWFIRST PART FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATELATTER CLOUDYFIRST PART RAIN010000016103
1776-03-05T13:0045.75-9.201936.7STARTN40E114W45.00-21NWBW-SWBSMODERATE BREEZESHAZY000000016104
1776-03-06T13:0046.20-10.5323819.0STARTN49E120N64W61.00-21WSW, WBSFIRST PART MODERATE BREEZES, LATTER FRESH GALESFIRST PART THICK FOG, LATTER THICKLATTER RAIN011000016105
1776-03-07T13:0045.05-9.5323819.0STARTN37E127S31E81.00-21WBSFRESH GALESHAZY000000016106
1776-03-08T13:0042.63-10.9528319.0STARTNEBN179SSW158.00-21NWBWFRESH GALESRAINHAZY010000016107
1776-03-09T13:0039.38-12.2730619.0STARTNNE1/2E246S17W204.00-20NWBW, NWBNFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000016108
1776-03-10T13:0037.50-13.403416.7STARTNNE1/2E287SSW1/4W125.00-19NMODERATECLOUDY000000016109
1776-03-11T13:0034.40-14.752719.0STARTN27E353SBW3/4W198.00-18NNE, NEFRESH GALESCLOUDYSOME RAIN010000016110
1776-03-24T13:0031.03-17.673232.6MADEIRAN7E34S7W103.00-15NW, NNWLIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000016111
1776-03-25T13:0028.23-17.853459.3PALMANNW7-15WBN-NFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000016112
1776-03-26T13:0025.83-18.0396.7FERRAN9E42S7W125.00-14NNEMODERATECLEAR000000016113
1776-03-27T13:0024.25-18.75206.7FERRANBE95SBW1/4W160.00-14NEBNMODERATECLEAR000000016114
1776-03-28T13:0020.67-19.45556.7FERRANBE171SBW1/4W160.00-13NE, ENEMODERATECLEAR000000016115
1776-03-29T13:0017.52-20.735519.0FERRAN15E215S21W203.00-13ENEFRESH GALESHAZY000000016116
1776-03-30T00:0015.585615.4BONAVISTANE6NE, ENE, NEBEMODERATE GALESHAZY000000016117
1776-04-02T13:0014.13-22.153319.0ST JAGONW1/4W21SE1/4E62.00-12NNE, NEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000016118
1776-04-03T13:0011.73-19.873419.0ST JAGON44W86SE189.00-11NEFRESH GALESHAZY000000016119
1776-04-04T13:009.73-17.8334919.0ST JAGONW144SE170.00-11NE, NFRESH GALESCLEAR000000016120
1776-04-05T13:008.68-16.7335819.0ST JAGONW174S55E79.00-13NBEFRESH GALESCLEAR000000016121
1776-04-06T13:008.05-15.773471.0ST JAGON46W195SEBE70.00-13NE, NLIGHT AIRSHAZY000000016122
1776-04-07T13:007.43-14.88330.6ST JAGON45W192S55E64.00-12N, NW, NELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMSLIGHTNING IN SW000010016123
1776-04-08T13:006.47-14.48362ST JAGON45W235SSE63.00-12NW, NNW, VARIABLEFIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, LATTER SQUALLY WITH CALMSLATTER HEAVY RAINFIRST PART HAZY010000016124
1776-04-09T13:006.08-14.303620.6ST JAGON44W245S27E26.00-12VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS000000016125
1776-04-10T13:006.22-14.123610.6ST JAGON45W245NE1/2E13.00-12NNE, EBS, CALMLIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS000000016126
1776-04-11T13:005.63-13.823481.0ST JAGONW1/4N261SSE1/4E39.00-12WSW, NW, NLIGHT AIRSHEAVY RAIN010010016127
1776-04-12T13:005.00-13.701911.0ST JAGONW1/4N272S24E42.00-12WBS, NNW, SSWLIGHT AIRS AND SQUALLYRAIN010010016128
1776-04-13T13:004.37-13.38362ST JAGON41W286S26E43.00-12VARIABLESQUALLYDARKRAIN010010016129
1776-04-14T13:003.77-13.12213ST JAGON40W298S25E39.00-12SWSQUALLYDARKRAIN010010016130
1776-04-15T13:003.17-12.63362ST JAGON40W314S27E65.00-12VARIABLESQUALLYDARK, FREQUENT TORNADOESRAIN110010016131
1776-04-16T13:003.17-12.723620.6ST JAGON40W315W5.00-12VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS000000016132
1776-04-17T13:002.77-12.452112.6ST JAGONW1/2N327S33E29.00-14WBS, SWLIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000016133
1776-04-18T13:002.20-11.40189ST JAGON41W344S62E72.00-14SSWFIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLYFIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER THUNDER AND LIGHTNINGLATTER HEAVY RAIN010010016134
1776-04-19T13:001.63-10.571892.6ST JAGONW1/4N364S54E58.00-14SSWLITTLE WINDS AND VARIABLE000010016135
1776-04-20T13:001.17-10.023622.6ST JAGONW1/4N378S41E43.00-14VARIABLESET NW1LITTLE WINDS AND VARIABLEHEAVY RAIN010010016136
1776-04-21T13:001.15-8.781662.6ST JAGONW395E85.00-14SSW, SLITTLE WINDS AND VARIABLEHEAVY RAIN010010016137
1776-04-22T13:000.78-7.823626.7ST JAGON46W414S69E62.00-14SSW, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY000000016138
1776-04-23T13:000.62-8.121666.7ST JAGONW412S61W21.00-14SBW, SMODERATE BREEZESFAIR000000016139
1776-04-24T13:000.22-8.431666.7ST JAGON44W413S39W31.00-14SMODERATE BREEZESFAIR000000016140
1776-04-25T13:00-0.33-8.621661.0ST JAGONW1/4N419S18W35.00-14SLIGHT AIRSCLEAR000000016141
1776-04-26T13:00-0.85-8.982001.0ST JAGON41W422S23W33.00-14WSW, SWBSSET WNW1K6FLIGHT AIRSCLEAR000000016142
1776-04-27T13:00-1.28-9.153610.0ST JAGONW1/2N427S22W28.00-14SW, SSW, CALMFIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, LATTER CALMFIRST PART CLEAR000000016143
1776-04-28T13:00-1.55-8.931891.0ST JAGONW1/2N433S39E21.00-14SBE-SSWSET W1/2N6LIGHT AIRSCLEAR000000016144
1776-04-29T13:00-2.55-10.071906.7ST JAGON36W436S49W90.00-13SE, SSEMODERATECLOUDY000000016145
1776-04-30T13:00-4.23-11.531566.7ST JAGONNW3/4W448S41W134.00-13SBESET SW0.4MODERATECLOUDY000000016146
1776-05-01T13:00-5.75-11.931566.7ST JAGONNW1/4W462S39W118.00-13SSE, SBEMODERATECLOUDY000000016147
1776-05-02T13:00-7.00-13.101366.7ST JAGON24W483S43W103.00-10SSE-SEBSMODERATECLOUDY000000016148
1776-05-03T13:00-7.93-13.151256.7ST JAGON11W500S3W56.00-10SSE-SEMODERATECLOUDY000000016149
1776-05-04T00:00-7.731469.3ASCENSIONSEBS6SEBSFRESH BREEZESCLEAR000000016150
1776-05-08T13:00-7.00-12.901486.7ASCENSIONSW28NE85.00-10SE, SSEMODERATECLOUDY000000016151
1776-05-09T13:00-7.90-13.711489.3ASCENSIONWBN8-10SSEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR000000016152
1776-05-10T13:00-10.15-14.521259.3ASCENSIONN16E45S16W134.00-10SEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR000000016153
1776-05-11T13:00-12.07-15.121259.3ASCENSIONN17E85S17W120.00-10SEFRESH BREEZESCLEARDRIZZLING RAIN AT TIMES010000016154
1776-05-12T13:00-14.03-15.931499.3ASCENSIONN19E128S24W128.00-9SE, SSEFRESH BREEZESCLEARDRIZZLING RAIN AT TIMES010000016155
1776-05-13T13:00-16.33-15.901049.3ASCENSIONN13E171S1E138.00-9SEBE, ESEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000016156
1776-05-14T13:00-18.60-15.551059.3ASCENSIONN3/4E214S8E136.00-8ESEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000016157
1776-05-15T13:00-20.27-14.531056.7ASCENSIONN3E245S30E116.00-8ESEMODERATECLOUDY000000016158
1776-05-16T13:00-21.17-13.33376.7ASCENSIONN1/4W263S50E88.00-8NEBE, NEMODERATECLOUDY000000016159
1776-05-17T13:00-21.73-11.123509.3ASCENSIONNBW280S74E129.00-10NNE, NFIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER FRESH BREEZESCLOUDYFIRST PART SOME RAIN010000016160
1776-05-18T13:00-22.40-8.90139.3ASCENSIONN18W304S72E129.00-10NE, NNEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYRAIN010000016161
1776-05-19T12:00-23.00-6.45119.3ASCENSIONN21W332S79E139.00-12NNEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYRAIN010000016162
1776-05-20T12:00-23.05-5.58566.7ASCENSIONNNW1/2W341S86E50.00-12ENEMODERATECLOUDY000000016163
1776-05-21T12:00-23.35-4.63782.6ASCENSIONNNW355ESE1/4E53.00-12NE-EFOUND NONELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000016164
1776-05-22T12:00-21.87-4.63662.6ASCENSIONN29W363N91.00-13EBNLIGHT BREEZESCLOUDYSHOWERS OF RAIN AT TIMES110000016165
1776-05-23T12:00-20.05-4.82669.3ASCENSIONNW3/4N298N5W110.00-13EBNFRESH BREEZESHAZY000000016166
1776-05-24T12:00-18.50-4.62776.7ASCENSIONN41W277N7E94.00-13EMODERATECLEAR000000016167