Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS Citation BibTeX Citation Text Citation Facebook TwitterShow Map Google Earth

Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -30.297857 * Median Longitude: 116.882143 * South-bound Latitude: -40.100000 * West-bound Longitude: 105.420000 * North-bound Latitude: -6.100000 * East-bound Longitude: 141.700000

Date/Time Start: 1853-10-07T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-11-06T05:00:00

Event(s):

Amphitrite_18531007_O_REIS_19_P179-195 * Latitude Start: -37.900000 * Longitude Start: 144.900000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1853-10-07T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-11-06T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Amphitrite, Voyage: Port Philip - Batavia, 1st Observer: D. Grim (Kapitein)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
8	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
9	Landmark	Landmark		Name of second landmark
10	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the second landmark
11	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
12	Watch	Watch		Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
13	Glasses	Glasses		Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
14	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
15	Wind scale reference	Wind scale ref	#	Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
16	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
17	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
18	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
19	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
20	Present weather	ww		Weather description
21	Precipitation description	Precip descr
22	State of the sea description	State sea descr
23	Cloud type	Cloud type
24	Clearness	Clearness
25	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
26	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
27	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
28	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
29	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
30	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
31	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
32	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

574 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...)	7 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	8 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	9 Landmark (Name of second landmark)	10 Bearing (Bearing of the second landmark)	11 - (1 If position is considered t...)	12 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...)	13 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...)	14 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	15 Wind scale ref [#] (Name of, or reference to the ...)	16 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure)	17 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	18 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...)	19 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	20 ww (Weather description)	21 Precip descr	22 State sea descr	23 Cloud type	24 Clearness	25 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	26 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	32 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1853-10-07T00:00			338	12.3							VM	8		6		NNO, NNW		6		W20		V06		0	1	9736
1853-10-08T03:00	-39.50	141.70	6	6.7	990.6						VM	8	6	4	29.25	DONDLOPEND, N		4		W20		V05, V01		0	1	9737
1853-10-09T03:00	-40.10	139.95	197	15.4	987.2						VM	8	6	7	29.15	ZZW, ZTW	Z	7		W20	Z01	V06, V04		0	1	9738
1853-10-10T03:00	-39.60	138.12	186	15.4	997.4						VM	8	6	7	29.45	Z		7				V01		0	0	9739
1853-10-11T03:00	-38.68	132.53	183	9.3	1009.2						VM	8	3	5	29.80	Z		5				V01		0	0	9740
1853-10-12T03:00	-38.58	128.98	45	4.6	1018.7						VM	8	0	3	30.08	O, NO		3				V04	H00	0	0	9741
1853-10-13T04:00	-38.62	126.82	301	9.3							VM	8	-3	5		NTW, NWTW		5		W20		V01		0	1	9742
1853-10-14T04:00	-38.95	123.35	267	9.3	1004.1						VM	8	-3	5	29.65	WZW, W		5				V01		0	0	9743
1853-10-15T04:00	-38.57	123.08	335	4.6	1009.2						VM	8	-3	3	29.80	NW, NNW	S01, W	3				V05		0	0	9744
1853-10-16T04:00	-38.42	122.67	312	9.3	1021.1						VM	8	-3	5	30.15	NO, NW	S01, ZW	5				V01		0	0	9745
1853-10-17T04:00	-38.35	118.38	197	4.6	1002.4						VM	8	-6	3	29.60	Z, ZZW		3				V01, V00		0	0	9746
1853-10-18T04:00	-37.52	116.52	261	2.6	1016.0						VM	8	-9	2	30.00	W		2				V01		0	0	9747
1853-10-19T04:00	-37.68	116.30	317	4.6	1016.0						VM	8	-9	3	30.00	NWTN		3				V01		0	0	9748
1853-10-20T04:00	-37.68	115.55	216	12.3	1010.9						VM	8	-9	6	29.85	ZWTW, ZW		6	W00		Z01	V03, V01		1	0	9749
1853-10-21T04:00	-37.15	113.63	62	15.4	1009.2						VM	8	-6	7	29.80	O, ONO		7				V01		0	0	9750
1853-10-22T05:00	-35.27	111.35	262	6.7	1012.6						VM	8	-8	4	29.90	RONDLOPEND, W		4				V01	H00	0	0	9751
1853-10-23T05:00	-33.08	109.35	307	22.6	1012.6						VM	8	-8	9	29.90	N, WNW, NW		9		W20		V04		0	1	9752
1853-10-24T05:00	-32.40	108.17	298	12.3	1002.4						VM	8	-6	6	29.60	NW, NWTW		6				V01		0	0	9753
1853-10-25T05:00	-31.07	110.17	219	6.7	1009.2						VM	8	-6	4	29.80	WZW, ZW		4				V01		0	0	9754
1853-10-26T05:00	-29.12	110.22	129	9.3	1016.0						VM	8	-6	5	30.00	ZO		5				V01		0	0	9755
1853-10-27T05:00	-27.10	109.48	154	9.3	1016.0						VM	8	-4	5	30.00	ZO, ZZO		5				V01		0	0	9756
1853-10-28T05:00	-24.37	108.70	154	9.3	1017.7						VM	8	-4	5	30.05	ZZO		5				V01	H00	0	0	9757
1853-10-29T05:00	-21.73	108.13	178	6.7							VM	8	-2	4		Z		4				V01		0	0	9758
1853-10-30T05:00	-19.48	107.78	144	9.3	1012.6						VM	8	-2	5	29.90	ZOTZ		5				V00		0	0	9759
1853-10-31T05:00	-16.67	107.37	157	9.3							VM	8	-1	5		ZO, ZZO		5				V01		0	0	9760
1853-11-01T05:00	-13.82	106.55	100	9.3							VM	8	-1	5		OTZ		5				V01	H00	0	0	9761
1853-11-02T05:00	-10.93	105.57	113	9.3							VM	8	0	5		OTZ, OZO		5				V01		0	0	9762
1853-11-03T05:00	-7.80	105.42	362	6.7							VM	8	0	4		ZO, RONDLOPEND		4						0	0	9763
1853-11-04T00:00			135			CRAKATAU	W1/2N				VM	8				ZO						V01		0	0	9764
1853-11-05T00:00			362			ST NICOLP (?)	ZW1/2Z	POELO BABI (?)	ZOTO1/2O		VM	8				RONDLOPEND								0	0	9765
1853-11-06T05:00	-6.10	106.86								1	VM	8	1											0	0	9766