Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 52.598462 * Median Longitude: 3.366923 * South-bound Latitude: 52.000000 * West-bound Longitude: 2.470000 * North-bound Latitude: 53.170000 * East-bound Longitude: 4.250000

Date/Time Start: 1852-12-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-01-05T12:00:00

Event(s):

Amphitrite_18521223_O_REIS_19_P179-195 * Date/Time Start: 1852-12-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-01-05T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Amphitrite, Voyage: Coastal - North Sea, 1st Observer: D. Grim (Kapitein)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
8	Watch	Watch		Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
9	Glasses	Glasses		Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
10	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11	Wind scale reference	Wind scale ref	#	Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
12	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
13	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
15	Present weather	ww		Weather description
16	Precipitation description	Precip descr
17	State of the sea description	State sea descr
18	Cloud type	Cloud type
19	Clearness	Clearness
20	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
21	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
22	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
23	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
24	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
26	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

270 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg]	5 ff [m/s]	6 PPPP [hPa]	7 -	8 Watch	9 Glasses	10 Decl [deg]	11 Wind scale ref [#]	12 Reading [arbitrary units]	13 Wind dir descr	14 Wind force descr	15 ww	16 Precip descr	17 State sea descr	18 Cloud type	19 Clearness	21 Rain	27 ID
1852-12-23T00:00			236	22.6		1	VM	8		9		ZW, ZWTW	9				V01, V04		0	9614
1852-12-24T12:00	52.00	2.47	237	19.0		1	VM	8	-22	8		ZW, WTZ	8		W20		V06, V13, V01		1	9615
1852-12-25T12:00	52.10	3.00	240	15.4	1002.4	1	VM	8	-19	7	29.60	WTZ	7				V01		0	9616
1852-12-26T12:00	52.03	3.47	229	26.8	1002.4	1	VM	8	-19	10	29.60	ZW, WZW	10	STORMWEER	W20				1	9617
1852-12-27T12:00	52.37	3.47	251	12.3	982.1	1	VM	8	-19	6	29.00	W	6				V04	H00	0	9618
1852-12-28T12:00	53.17	3.25	227	19.0		1	VM	8	-21	8		W, WZW	8				V00, V01		0	9619
1852-12-29T12:00	52.42	4.08	217	19.0	1002.4	1	VM	8	-19	8	29.60	ZW, ZWTW	8			Z01	V13, V01		0	9620
1852-12-30T12:00	52.72	3.65	362	15.4	1002.4	1	VM	8	-21	7	29.60	W, RONDLOPEND	7				V00		0	9621
1852-12-31T12:00	52.80	3.53	204	15.4	1012.6	1	VM	8	-21	7	29.90	ZW	7				V06	H01	0	9622
1853-01-01T12:00	52.60	3.87	205	19.0		1	VM	8	-20	8		ZW	8						0	9623
1853-01-02T12:00	52.85	2.78	194	19.0	1002.4	1	VM	8	-20	8	29.60	ZZW, ZWTZ	8				V04		0	9624
1853-01-03T12:00	52.92	3.15	205	26.8	1002.4	1	VM	8	-20	10	29.60	ZW	10	STORMWEER					0	9625
1853-01-04T12:00	52.98	2.80	228	15.4	995.7	1	VM	8	-20	7	29.40	ZW, NW, WZW	7				V03, V00	H01	0	9626
1853-01-05T12:00	52.82	4.25	228		1002.4	1			-20		29.60	WZW							0	9627