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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during AMICITIA cruise from Nederland to Kaap de Goede Hoop started at 1850-04-10 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747350, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 6.508205 * Median Longitude: -13.479231 * South-bound Latitude: -34.630000 * West-bound Longitude: -30.350000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.030000 * East-bound Longitude: 18.230000
Date/Time Start: 1850-04-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1850-06-28T11:00:00
Event(s):
Amicitia_18500410_T_REIS_22_P221-229 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: -34.080000 * Longitude End: 17.820000 * Date/Time Start: 1850-04-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1850-06-28T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Amicitia, Voyage: Nederland - Kaap De Goede Hoop, 1st Observer: C. Abrahams Jr. (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Present weatherwwWeather description
17 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
19 Cloud typeCloud type
20 ClearnessClearness
21 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
22 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
23 FogFog1 If fog was reported
24 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
25 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26 HailHail1 If hail was reported
27 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28 CommentComment
29 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1532 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
10 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
11 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
ww
(Weather description)
17 
Precip descr
18 
State sea descr
19 
Cloud type
20 
Clearness
21 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
22 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
23 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
24 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
25 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
26 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
27 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
28 
Comment
29 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1850-04-10T00:001ONDER ZEIL NAAR JAVA00000009322
1850-04-11T00:002031ZZWW20Z0401000009323
1850-04-12T12:0052.032.531834.61-203WNW, ZZW2-3W10V0300100009324
1850-04-13T12:0051.551.8333812.3992.312.81-22655.0029.30N5-6H0100000009325
1850-04-14T12:0051.071.3720315.4992.312.21-22754.0029.30ZO, ZW6-7W20V0501000009326
1850-04-15T12:0050.55-0.7316930.9978.712.21-221154.0028.90ZTW10-11W1000000009327
1850-04-16T12:0050.03-0.8321419.0968.612.81-22855.0028.60ZWTW9-8Z05V0300000009328
1850-04-17T12:0050.27-0.072719.3982.112.81-22555.0029.00WNW5Z01V0300000009329
1850-04-18T12:0050.10-1.0018115.4999.113.31-22756.0029.50ZZW7W20V0501000009330
1850-04-19T12:0050.00-2.8522415.4995.714.41-24758.0029.40WZW7H00, H0100000009331
1850-04-20T12:0050.18-3.532919.3988.912.81-24555.0029.20NW5V0500000009332
1850-04-21T12:0049.70-3.223146.7985.513.91-24457.0029.10NNW4V0500000009333
1850-04-22T12:0048.72-5.122129.31002.414.4-24558.0029.60ZWTW4-5W20V0501000009334
1850-04-23T12:0048.50-5.902011.0995.714.4-24158.0029.40ZW1V0000000009335
1850-04-24T13:0046.08-7.7223512.31005.816.1-24661.0029.70WTZ5-6H1000000009336
1850-04-25T13:0045.85-8.703479.31002.416.7-24562.0029.60NTO5H0000000009337
1850-04-26T13:0043.27-11.58219.3999.117.2-24563.0029.50NO6-5V0500000009338
1850-04-27T13:0040.37-13.153146.7985.516.7-24462.0029.10NNW4V0400000009339
1850-04-28T13:0037.75-14.732696.7992.317.8-24464.0029.30WNW4V0000000009340
1850-04-29T13:0036.27-15.431699.3999.119.4-22567.0029.50ZTW5W2001000009341
1850-04-30T13:0035.45-16.8711.0999.120.0-22168.0029.50NNO1V0000000009342
1850-05-01T13:0034.50-16.9213626.8999.122.2-221072.0029.50ZZO8-10BUIIGE LUCHT00000009343
1850-05-02T13:0033.37-17.781809.3988.921.1-23570.0029.20ZZW6-5W01Z011000000a trivial correction was made in this observation9344
1850-05-03T13:0033.50-18.9221315.4992.321.7-23771.0029.30ZWTW6-7V0500000009345
1850-05-04T13:0031.35-17.572496.7995.721.7-21471.0029.40W4H0000000009346
1850-05-05T13:0028.85-17.282496.7999.122.8-21473.0029.50W4V1000000009347
1850-05-06T13:0029.32-17.753399.3995.722.2-21572.0029.40N5V0000000009348
1850-05-07T13:0027.68-19.48244.61002.422.8-21373.0029.60NO3V0100000009349
1850-05-08T13:0025.43-20.83484.61002.423.3-20374.0029.60ONO3V0500000009350
1850-05-09T13:0024.23-22.10486.71002.423.3-20474.0029.60ONO4V0100000009351
1850-05-10T14:0022.20-23.53279.31002.422.8-18573.0029.60NO5V0000000009352
1850-05-11T14:0019.45-25.25726.7999.123.9-18475.0029.50O5-4H0100000009353
1850-05-12T14:0016.45-26.05966.71002.424.4-17476.0029.60OZO4H0100000009354
1850-05-13T14:0014.30-25.62514.6995.725.6-17378.0029.40ONO3V0500000009355
1850-05-14T14:0012.32-24.85741.0995.726.1-16179.0029.40O1V0500000009356
1850-05-15T14:0011.12-24.45636.7995.726.7-16480.0029.40OTN3-4H0100000009357
1850-05-16T14:009.97-23.85974.6995.727.2-16381.0029.40OZO3V0000000009358
1850-05-17T14:009.15-23.822091.0995.728.3-16183.0029.40ZW1V1000000009359
1850-05-18T14:008.57-23.683621.0995.728.3-16183.0029.40VAR1V1000000009360
1850-05-19T14:007.42-23.501644.6995.727.8-16382.0029.40Z1-3W00W20V101100000a trivial correction was made in this observation9361
1850-05-20T14:006.48-22.833626.7995.727.8-16482.0029.40VAR4W2001000009362
1850-05-21T14:005.73-22.821644.6995.727.8-16382.0029.40Z3H0000000009363
1850-05-22T13:005.35-21.801739.3995.728.3-18583.0029.40ZTW5V04, V0500000009364
1850-05-23T13:004.93-21.75959.3995.728.9-18584.0029.40OZO5W00W2011000009365
1850-05-24T13:003.87-20.601409.3995.727.8-18582.0029.40ZZO5V0500000009366
1850-05-25T13:002.80-20.971406.7999.127.8-18482.0029.50ZZO4V0000000009367
1850-05-26T14:001.15-22.901206.7995.728.3-15483.0029.40ZO4V0100000009368
1850-05-27T14:00-0.78-24.081094.6995.728.3-15383.0029.40ZOTO3V0000000009369
1850-05-28T14:00-2.68-24.701106.7995.728.3-14483.0029.40ZOTO4V0100000009370
1850-05-29T14:00-4.52-25.551446.7995.728.3-14483.0029.40ZZO4W01V0010000009371
1850-05-30T14:00-6.47-27.3511019.0995.727.8-14882.0029.40ZOTO7-8V0400000009372
1850-05-31T14:00-8.92-29.1510215.4995.727.8-11782.0029.40OZO7H0100000009373
1850-06-01T14:00-11.88-29.5511312.3995.726.7-11680.0029.40ZOTO5-6W00V1010000009374
1850-06-02T14:00-14.47-30.239112.3999.125.6-10678.0029.50OTZ6V00, V0100000009375
1850-06-03T14:00-17.07-30.359112.3999.125.0-10677.0029.50OTZ6V1000000009376
1850-06-04T14:00-19.75-30.35709.31002.425.0-9577.0029.60OTN5V0000000009377
1850-06-05T14:00-21.88-29.053519.31002.424.4-9576.0029.60N5W2001000009378
1850-06-06T14:00-23.62-27.581729.31002.425.0-8577.0029.60Z5W20V0501000009379
1850-06-07T14:00-24.13-25.331236.71002.423.3-12474.0029.60ZO4V05H0000000009380
1850-06-08T14:00-23.65-23.571126.71002.423.9-12475.0029.60ZOTO4V0000000009381
1850-06-09T14:00-25.27-23.97786.71005.822.8-12473.0029.70O4H0000000009382
1850-06-10T14:00-26.35-23.68229.31002.422.8-12573.0029.60NOTN5V0000000009383
1850-06-11T13:00-27.43-21.6086.71005.822.2-15472.0029.70NNO4V0000000009384
1850-06-12T13:00-28.47-19.2734612.31009.221.7-14671.0029.80N6H0000000009385
1850-06-13T13:00-29.68-16.1834312.31009.221.7-17671.0029.80N6H0100000009386
1850-06-14T13:00-30.93-12.022054.61005.821.7-20371.0029.70ZW3V0000000009387
1850-06-15T13:00-31.53-8.8517112.31005.820.6-20669.0029.70ZTW5-6Z0100000009388
1850-06-16T12:00-31.90-5.931026.71002.420.0-22468.0029.60ZOTO5-4V0000000009389
1850-06-17T12:00-31.47-3.682486.71005.818.9-22466.0029.70W4W20V1001000009390
1850-06-18T12:00-31.77-1.982004.61005.820.6-25369.0029.70ZW3H0000000009391
1850-06-19T12:00-31.92-0.282796.71005.819.4-25467.0029.70NWTW4V00H0000000009392
1850-06-20T12:00-32.322.502686.71002.420.0-25468.0029.60WNW4V0000000009393
1850-06-21T12:00-33.155.1733412.31002.420.0-26668.0029.60N5-6V0400000009394
1850-06-22T11:00-33.738.1333219.0995.718.9-28866.0029.40N7-8V00, V0100000009395
1850-06-23T11:00-33.2512.6228622.6985.517.8-29964.0029.10NW8-9Z01V0100000009396
1850-06-24T11:00-33.9016.1328619.0992.318.9-29866.0029.30NW9-8Z01V1300000009397
1850-06-25T11:00-34.3316.9733126.8988.917.8-291064.0029.20N9-10Z01V0300000009398
1850-06-26T11:00-33.8717.9224030.9988.917.8-301164.0029.20W10-11W02W20Z0211000009399
1850-06-27T11:00-34.6317.832404.6992.316.1-30361.0029.30W4-3Z02BUIIG WEER00000009400
1850-06-28T11:00-33.8718.23151002.415.61-3060.0029.60NO00000009401