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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ALFRED cruise from Java Head to St. Helena started at 1795-02-10 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747303, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -22.814921 * Median Longitude: 55.263968 * South-bound Latitude: -36.550000 * West-bound Longitude: -2.650000 * North-bound Latitude: -8.420000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.370000
Date/Time Start: 1795-02-10T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1795-04-13T12:00:00
Event(s):
Alfred_17950210_BL_L/MAR/B/140G * Latitude Start: -6.070000 * Longitude Start: 105.770000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1795-02-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1795-04-13T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Alfred, Voyage: Java Head - St Helena, 1st Observer: James Farquharson (Captain), Company: Royal Navy
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Present weatherwwWeather description
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1010 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
14 
ww
(Weather description)
15 
Precip descr
16 
State sea descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
19 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
20 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
21 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
22 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
23 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
24 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
25 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1795-02-10T05:00-8.42104.37362S26W107.00-1NW, W, WNW, VARIABLEVARIABLE WINDS AND SQUALLYRAIN AT TIMES01000007204
1795-02-11T05:00-9.60104.133621.0S11W72.00-1W, WBN, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE, FIRST PART SQUALLYFIRST PART RAINMIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR01000007205
1795-02-12T05:00-10.17104.083621.0S4W34.00-1WBS, WSW, VARIABLEFAINT AIRS AND VARIABLEHOT00000007206
1795-02-13T05:00-10.27103.731571.0S61W24.00-1VARIABLE, SSELIGHT AIRS AND CALMCLOUDY00000007207
1795-02-14T05:00-10.65103.62269S13W34.00-1WSW, VARIABLE, WFAINT AIRS, VARIABLE AND CALMFAIR00000007208
1795-02-15T05:00-10.72103.573621.0S22W9.00-1SBW, SWBW, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLEVERY SULTRY00000007209
1795-02-16T05:00-10.78103.323621.0S44W21.00-1VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLEVERY SULTRY00000007210
1795-02-17T05:00-11.32102.82292S42W43.00-1NW, VARIABLE, WNWFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE AND CALMS, LATTER SQUALLYLATTER RAIN01000007211
1795-02-18T05:00-11.67102.601791.0S58W17.00-1NBW, VARIABLE, SLIGHT AIRS AND CALMS00000007212
1795-02-19T05:00-12.18101.171689.3S67W93.00-1S, SSE, SBEFIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE VARIABLE, LATTER STEADY BREEZESMIDDLE RAINLATTER FAIR01000007213
1795-02-20T05:00-13.0899.0015612.3S67W138.00-2SSESTEADY TRADEFINE00000007214
1795-02-21T06:00-13.8597.1015612.3S67W120.00-2SSESTEADY TRADEFAIR00000007215
1795-02-22T06:00-13.7096.33886.7S67W49.00-2SSE, ESE, ELIGHT TRADEFAIR00000007216
1795-02-23T06:00-13.9095.67882.6S63W44.00-2ENE, NNW, SBW, S, ELIGHT WINDS AND VARIABLE00000007217
1795-02-24T06:00-14.3094.77882.6S63W55.00-2ENE, NE, ELIGHT WINDSFAIR00000007218
1795-02-25T06:00-14.9393.0588S66W109.00-2SE, ESE, VARIABLE, ENE, EVARIABLEUNSETTLEDLATTER RAIN01000007219
1795-02-26T06:00-15.9590.6013313.1S64W158.00-2VARIABLE, ESE, SEFIRST PART VARIABLE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH STEADY TRADEMIDDLE AND LATTER PLEASANT WEATHERFIRST PART RAIN01000007220
1795-02-27T06:00-17.1288.1211112.3S65W158.00-2SE, E, ESESTEADY TRADEFAIR00000007221
1795-02-28T06:00-17.6285.8210912.3S71W140.00-4E, ESE, SE, ESESTEADY TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007222
1795-03-01T06:00-18.5582.8012012.3S73W179.00-4SE, SSE, SEBEFINE STEADY TRADEFAIR00000007223
1795-03-02T07:00-19.4579.6515312.3S74W188.00-5SSESTEADY FRESH TRADEFAIR00000007224
1795-03-03T07:00-20.1576.6812912.3S76W170.00-6SESTEADY TRADEFINE00000007225
1795-03-04T07:00-20.8874.371076.7S73W136.00-6SE, ESELIGHT TRADEFAIR00000007226
1795-03-05T07:00-21.3372.83846.7S73W90.00-6ESE, EBSLIGHT TRADEFAIR00000007227
1795-03-06T07:00-21.4371.25492.6S86W89.00-7E, EBN, NEBELIGHT WINDSFAIR00000007228
1795-03-07T07:00-21.9369.23726.7S75W116.00-7NEBE, ESE, EBNMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY00000007229
1795-03-08T08:00-22.4267.47125S73W102.00-10E, ENE, VARIABLE, SW, SEVERY UNSETTLEDMIDDLE AND LATTER MUCH RAINSW SWELL01000007230
1795-03-09T08:00-23.2065.28336S69W130.00-13SE, NEBE, NNE, NBWVARIABLE AND SQUALLYRAIN AT TIMES01000007231
1795-03-10T08:00-23.5264.15156S57W75.00-13NWBW, WSW, SBW, SBEFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS VARIABLE AND SQUALLY, LATTER MORE STEADYFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS RAIN01000007232
1795-03-11T08:00-25.5060.8214312.3S71W190.00-15SSESTRONG BREEZES, AND STEADYMIDDLE SHOWERS10000007233
1795-03-12T08:00-26.7757.431179.3S72W193.00-18SESTEADY BREEZESMIDDLE PASSING SHOWERS10000007234
1795-03-13T08:00-27.7054.721376.7S70W155.00-21SSEMODERATEFINE00000007235
1795-03-14T09:00-28.9351.2813412.3S68W196.00-24SSEFINE STEADY GALE WITH SOME SQUALLYSOME SHOWERS10000007236
1795-03-15T09:00-30.0048.121346.7S67W180.00-24SSEPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR00000007237
1795-03-16T09:00-31.2744.97536.7S64W181.00-26SSE, SE, EBS, EBNPLEASANT BREEZESFINE00000007238
1795-03-17T09:00-32.2242.67362S64W131.00-26E, ENE, NE, VARIABLEFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER VARIABLELATTER RAIN01000007239
1795-03-18T09:00-32.5841.87721.0S63W46.00-29NE, SBE, EBS,LIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE00000007240
1795-03-19T09:00-32.8041.231511.0S61W37.00-29VARIABLE, SLIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLEFINE00000007241
1795-03-20T09:00-33.4039.833099.3S63W79.00-29S, SE, ENE, NNWVARIABLE, FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, LATTER FRESH BREEZESHEAVY SWELL FROM WFAIR00000007242
1795-03-21T09:00-33.6738.63362S75W63.00-29NWBN, WSW, W, VARIABLEVARIABLEUNSETTLED00000007243
1795-03-22T09:00-33.5237.82362N77W42.00-29W, WBS, NWBW, VARIABLEVARIABLEUNSETTLEDHEAVY SWELL FROM W00000007244
1795-03-23T10:00-34.4337.173626.7S26W74.00-29VARIABLE, NNW, NW, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESHEAVY SWELL FROM WFAIR00000007245
1795-03-24T10:00-35.0536.003429.3S61W65.00-29WNW, VARIABLE, NBEFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE, LATTER FRESH BREEZESHEAVY SWELL FROM WFAIR00000007246
1795-03-25T10:00-35.3233.571969.3S82W137.00-29N, SWBW, SWFIRST AND LATTER PARTS STEADY BREEZES, MIDDLE VARIABLE AND SQUALLYMIDDLE GREAT DEAL OF LIGHTNINGFIRST AND LATTER PARTS FAIR00001007247
1795-03-26T10:00-35.8531.182202.6S74W122.00-28ESE, NE, NNE, WSWFIRST AND LATTER PARTS LIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLE, MIDDLE STEADY FRESH GALESFAIR00000007248
1795-03-27T10:00-36.1028.67409.3S82W123.00-28SWBW, SSW, ESE, ENEFIRST AND MIDDLE PART VARIABLE, LATTER STEADY BREEZESFAIR00000007249
1795-03-28T10:00-36.1026.25362W117.00-27EBN, SWBW, VARIABLEFIRST PART STEADY FRESH BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER VARIABLE WITH SOME SQUALLSMIDDLE AND LATTER RAINFIRST PART FAIR01000007250
1795-03-29T10:00-36.5522.5013219.0S83W183.00-26SWBS, SBW, SSEFIRST PART SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER STEADY FRESH GALEFIRST PART RAINHEAVY SWELL FROM W01000007251
1795-03-30T11:00-36.3219.981096.7N82W124.00-26E, VARIABLE, SEBE, SEMODERATE BREEZES AND STEADYFINE SETTLED WEATHER00000007252
1795-03-31T11:00-34.4817.781329.3N47W148.00-26SEBS, SE, SSESTEADY FRESH BREEZESFAIR00000007253
1795-04-01T11:00-32.1314.9317912.3N44W206.00-24S, SSWSTEADY GALESFINE SETTLED WEATHER00000007254
1795-04-02T11:00-29.7312.331819.3N41W204.00-22SSWSTEADY FRESH BREEZESMIDDLE AND LATTER SHOWERSFIRST PART FAIR11000007255
1795-04-03T11:00-27.7210.071369.3N40W185.00-22S, SBE, SSESTEADY FRESH BREEZESFAIR00000007256
1795-04-04T11:00-26.058.071139.3N44W156.00-22SSE, SESTEADY BREEZESFAIR00000007257
1795-04-05T12:00-24.926.983621.0N42W89.00-20SW, S, WBN, VARIABLEFIRST PART STEADY FRESH BREEZE, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLEFAIR00000007258
1795-04-06T12:00-23.637.272952.6N13E66.00-20VARIABLE, NWBN, NNW, NWLIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLEFAIR00000007259
1795-04-07T12:00-22.655.871609.3N51W99.00-20VARIABLE, SW, SFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS VARIABLE, LATTER STEADY BREEZESFAIR00000007260
1795-04-08T12:00-21.254.62806.7N39W110.00-21SSE, SE, EBSPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR00000007261
1795-04-09T12:00-20.033.551146.7N39W95.00-21SSE, VARIABLE, SELIGHT TRADEFAIR00000007262
1795-04-10T12:00-18.201.929512.3N39W147.00-18VARIABLE, ESEFRESH TRADE WITH SOME SQUALLSMIDDLE SHOWERS10000007263
1795-04-11T12:00-16.73-0.0811612.3N48W157.00-19SSE, VARIABLE, SESTEADY FRESH TRADEMIDDLE SOME FLYING SHOWERS10000007264
1795-04-12T12:00-16.47-1.3211612.3N78W73.00-19SESTEADY TRADEFAIR00000007265
1795-04-13T12:00-16.18-2.651299.3ST HELENANWBN9N77W78.00-17SE, SEBSPLEASANT TRADEFAIR00000007266