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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ALFRED cruise from Java Head to The Downs started at 1791-12-30 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747302, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -4.817872 * Median Longitude: 17.487872 * South-bound Latitude: -35.330000 * West-bound Longitude: -48.830000 * North-bound Latitude: 48.970000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.070000
Date/Time Start: 1791-12-30T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1792-04-09T13:00:00
Event(s):
Alfred_17911230_BL_L/MAR/B/140F * Latitude Start: -6.070000 * Longitude Start: 105.770000 * Latitude End: 47.720000 * Longitude End: -5.280000 * Date/Time Start: 1791-12-30T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1792-04-09T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Alfred, Voyage: Java Head - Downs, 1st Observer: James Farquharson (Captain), Company: Royal Navy
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Present weatherwwWeather description
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1561 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
14 
ww
(Weather description)
15 
Precip descr
16 
State sea descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
19 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
20 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
21 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
22 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
23 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
24 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
25 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1791-12-30T05:00-6.73104.071582.6JAVA HEADE15S16N88W65.000WSW, VARIABLE, WBN, S, SBE, SSELIGHT BREEZESVARIABLE00000007110
1791-12-31T05:00-7.05102.721802.6S70W86.000S, NW, SSW, SSTEADY BREEZE, AM LIGHT BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHER, 8AM VARIABLE00000007111
1792-01-01T05:00-7.33101.953152.6S56W52.000SBW, SSW, S, NWLIGHT BREEZESVARIABLECLOUDY00000007112
1792-01-02T05:00-7.62101.701122.6S38W24.00-1W, SBE, ESEFIRST AND LATTER PARTS LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE STARK CALM00000007113
1792-01-03T05:00-7.63101.471341.0S54W18.00-1SELIGHT AIRS00000007114
1792-01-04T05:00-8.4399.801687.3S63W111.00-1SE, VARIABLE, SBEINCREASING BREEZEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007115
1792-01-05T05:00-9.1298.431456.7S67W88.00-1SSE, ESE, SE, SEBSPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR00000007116
1792-01-06T06:00-10.0096.171469.3S67W147.000SSE, SE, SEBSPLEASANT TRADEFAIR00000007117
1792-01-07T06:00-10.7094.121359.3S67W132.000SEBS, EBS, E, SEPLEASANT TRADEFAIR00000007118
1792-01-08T06:00-11.7391.631359.3S67W160.000SE, SEBS, SEPLEASANT TRADEHEAVY SWELL FROM SFAIR00000007119
1792-01-09T06:00-12.6388.8012212.3S67W182.00-2SE, SEBEFRESH TRADEUNSETTLED00000007120
1792-01-10T06:00-13.5086.17999.3S67W156.00-2SE, SEBE, E, EBN, EBSPLEASANT TRADEFAIR00000007121
1792-01-11T06:00-14.3584.40889.3S67W123.00-2EBN, ENE, EPLEASANT TRADEFAIR00000007122
1792-01-12T06:00-15.0883.08666.7W23S84.00-2EBN, NE, NEBE, ENELIGHT VARIABLE TRADEFAIR00000007123
1792-01-13T07:00-15.7881.4511112.3S67W104.00-2NE, E, SE, ESEFIRST PART LIGHT VARIABLE BREEZES, LATTER STEADY TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007124
1792-01-14T07:00-16.7779.151119.3S67W147.00-2SEBE, ESEPLEASANT TRADEHEAVY SWELL FROM SWFAIR00000007125
1792-01-15T07:00-17.5876.85739.3S65W126.00-6SEBE, SE, ESE, EBNPLEASANT TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER. I CONCEIVE THERE MUST HAVE BEEN A GALE LATELYSWELL FROM SW00000007126
1792-01-16T07:00-18.5074.451529.3S65W152.00-6E, SE, ESE, SSEPLEASANT TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER BUT UNSETTLEDSWELL UP AND MORE CONFUSED00000007127
1792-01-17T07:00-19.7871.2011612.3S65W191.00-8SE, SEBESTEADY TRADEPLEASANT WEATHERSWELL GONE DOWN00000007128
1792-01-18T07:00-21.2567.9010513.1N60W213.00-8SE, SEBS, ESEFRESH TRADE INCREASINGUNSETTLED00000007129
1792-01-19T08:00-22.0564.705812.3S75W186.00-10EBS, E, EBN, ENESTEADY TRADEUNSETTLED00000007130
1792-01-20T08:00-23.5761.582659.3S71W182.00-16NE, NEBN, N, VARIABLE, WNW, WBNFRESH BREEZES WITH FREQUENT HARD SQUALLSUNSETTLEDRAIN01000007131
1792-01-21T08:00-23.7059.55198S87W113.00-16W, SWBS, SW, SWBSVARIABLE BREEZESUNSETTLEDVERY HEAVY SHORT SWELL FROM SSE00000007132
1792-01-22T08:00-24.0257.35207S80W120.00-18SWBS, SSW, SBW, SWVARIABLE BREEZESUNSETTLEDSWELL00000007133
1792-01-23T08:00-24.5855.8250S70W93.00-18S, SBE, SE, E, ENEVARIABLE BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHER00000007134
1792-01-24T08:00-25.3054.123422.6S69W100.00-18NE, N, ESE, ENE, NLIGHT BREEZESUNSETTLED00000007135
1792-01-25T09:00-26.2051.601379.3S68W149.00-21N, VARIABLE, SE, SSEFIRST PART VARIABLE BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER STEADY FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY00000007136
1792-01-26T09:00-27.3848.6714812.3S67W169.00-21SBW, S, SBESTEADY TRADE FRESHENING AT 7PMPLEASANT WEATHER00000007137
1792-01-27T09:00-28.3046.037512.3S67W161.00-26SEBE, EBSSTEADY TRADEPLEASANT WEATHERFAIR00000007138
1792-01-28T09:00-29.2843.25649.3S68W159.00-26E, NEBE, ENE, ESTEADY BREEZEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007139
1792-01-29T09:00-29.6341.92521.0S73W73.00-27EBN, ENE, NBE, EBNFIRST PART PLEASANT BREEZES, LATTER LIGHT AIRSSWELL FROM EFAIR00000007140
1792-01-30T09:00-30.2739.95976.7CAPE GOOD HOPES77W382S72W106.00-27SBW, SBE, SSE, SEBEFIRST PART INCREASING BREEZE, LATTER MODERATEHEAVY SWELL FROM SWCLOUDY00000007141
1792-01-31T09:00-30.9738.20419.3S69W97.00-27SEBS, SEBE, ESE, ENESTEADY BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHERSWELL MUCH FALLEN00000007142
1792-02-01T10:00-30.7837.1717612.3S80W54.00-27SWFIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLE, 11PM CAME ON A HARD SQUALL WITH FRESH GALE, BLOWING FRESHFIRST PART FAIR00000007143
1792-02-02T10:00-31.2835.45746.7CAPE GOOD HOPES77W294S64W117.00-27SBW, SBE, SE, EBSPLEASANT BREEZES00000007144
1792-02-03T10:00-32.9032.324016.3S63W179.00-28NEBE, E, EBN, ENEINCREASING AND PLEASANT GALESSMOOTH WATER00000007145
1792-02-04T10:00-33.6030.222206.7S71W113.00-28NE, NNE, NBW, WSWVARIABLE BREEZES, 8PM STEADY BREEZES, NOON MODERATEUNSETTLEDVERY CLEAR, 8PM CLOUDY00000007146
1792-02-05T10:00-34.1528.30197S72W100.00-28SWBS, SBW, SSW, SWVARIABLE BREEZESUNSETTLED00000007147
1792-02-06T10:00-34.9326.95176S72W71.00-27SWBS, SSWVARIABLE BREEZESUNSETTLEDHEAVY SWELL FROM SW00000007148
1792-02-07T10:00-35.3324.48266N89W121.00-27EBS, EBN, NEBE, WBS, WNWFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS INCREASING BREEZE, LATTER VARIABLE WINDSLATTER UNSETTLEDHEAVY SWELL FROM SWFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FAIR00000007149
1792-02-08T10:00-34.6023.47232BLUFF POINTNBE3N55W61.00-27WBN, WSW, W, WBSVARIABLE BREEZESUNSETTLED00000007150
1792-02-09T10:00-35.2523.58277S83E39.00-27WSW, SW, WBN, NWBWFIRST AND LATTER PARTS VARIABLE WINDS, MIDDLE CALMFIRST AND LATTER PARTS UNSETTLEDMIDDLE CLOUDY00000007151
1792-02-10T11:00-35.1521.751106.7BLUFF POINTN30E19N88W90.00-25W, SW, SWBS, SSE, SEFIRST PART FRESH GALEAND SQUALLY, LATTER MORE MODERATELATTER VARIABLE WEATHER00000007152
1792-02-11T11:00-32.9017.381236.7ST HELENAN49W520N53W147.00-23SE, SEBSFIRST PART INCREASING GALE, MODERATING IN LATTER PARTPLEASANT WEATHERNOON TILL SUNSET VERY HAZY, LATTER FAIR00000007153
1792-02-12T11:00-30.8513.421809.3ST HELENAN50W461N48W178.00-23SBW, SWBS, SW, SSWSTEADY BREEZEFAIR00000007154
1792-02-13T11:00-29.3511.601596.7N41W127.00-21SW, SWBS, SBE, SMODERATE BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHER00000007155
1792-02-14T11:00-28.3210.403626.7N48W85.00-21SSE, SBE, SSW, S, SE, VARIABLEPLEASANT BREEZESLATTER PART VARIABLEFAIR00000007156
1792-02-15T11:00-27.529.50249N45W68.00-21WBN, WSW, S, WUNSETTLED WINDSPLEASANT WEATHER00000007157
1792-02-16T12:00-25.977.351389.3ST HELENAN51W319N46W161.00-20SW, SSW, SBE, SSEPLEASANT TRADEFAIR00000007158
1792-02-17T12:00-23.884.9513812.3N46W180.00-20S, SBE, SSEFRESH TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007159
1792-02-18T12:00-22.402.9012612.3ST HELENAN52W210N45W160.00-20SEBS, SSE, SEBSSTEADY TRADECLOUDY00000007160
1792-02-19T12:00-20.670.871409.3ST HELENAN53W159N45W161.00-18SEBS, SSEPLEASANT TRADEFAIR00000007161
1792-02-20T12:00-18.73-1.2811712.3ST HELENAN56W102N45W172.00-18SEBS, SSE, SEFRESH TRADEFAIR00000007162
1792-02-21T12:00-17.05-3.221199.3ST HELENAN66W55N45W157.00-16SEBS, SEBE, SEPLEASANT TRADEFAIR00000007163
1792-03-01T13:00-13.85-7.831219.3N44W175.00-14SESTEADY BREEZESCLOUDY00000007164
1792-03-02T13:00-11.57-9.5812112.3N36W179.00-14SE, SEBE, EBS, SESTEADY TRADEFAIR00000007165
1792-03-03T13:00-9.10-11.3711012.3N35W186.00-14SEBE, SE, SEBESTEADY TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007166
1792-03-04T13:00-7.13-13.2013312.3N41W168.00-13SEBSSTEADY TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007167
1792-03-05T13:00-5.72-14.471226.7N40W119.00-13SE, VARIABLE, SEBS, SELIGHT TRADEUNSETTLEDFREQUENT SHOWERS OF RAIN11000007168
1792-03-06T13:00-4.17-15.771226.7N40W121.00-13SEBS, SELIGHT TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007169
1792-03-07T13:00-2.50-17.051459.3N39W123.00-13SEBS, SSESTEADY PLEASANT TRADEFAIR00000007170
1792-03-08T13:00-0.60-18.421246.7N37W133.00-11SE, ESE, SEPLEASANT BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHER00000007171
1792-03-09T13:001.08-19.501249.3N33W120.00-11SEBS, SEBE, SSE, SESTEADY BREEZEPLEASANT WEATHERSWELL FROM N00000007172
1792-03-10T13:002.88-20.581469.3N33W119.00-12SSE, SBE, S, SSESTEADY BREEZEPLEASANT WEATHERSWELL FROM N00000007173
1792-03-11T13:004.42-21.6244N18W81.00-12SSE, SE, SSE, VARIABLE, NEBEFIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS STEADY BREEZES, LATTER HEAVY SQUALLUNSETTLED00000007174
1792-03-12T14:005.07-22.533512.6N57W65.00-9NE, VARIABLE, NLIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLEPLEASANT WEATHERSMOOTH WATER00000007175
1792-03-13T14:005.65-24.2726.7N71W110.00-9NBW, N, NNE, NBEPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR00000007176
1792-03-14T14:006.47-26.551412.3N67W149.00-9N, NBE, NNESTEADY TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007177
1792-03-15T14:007.67-28.88312.3N60W161.00-8NNE, N, NBESTEADY AND PLEASANT TRADE00000007178
1792-03-16T14:009.38-30.931512.3N47W165.00-8NNE, NEBN, NE, NNESTEADY AND FRESH TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007179
1792-03-17T14:0011.53-32.802912.3N42W165.00-5NNE, NEBNFRESH TRADEFAIR00000007180
1792-03-18T14:0014.00-34.353812.3N31W175.00-7NE, NEBE, NEFRESH TRADEUNSETTLEDCLOUDY00000007181
1792-03-19T14:0016.70-35.683812.3N25W182.00-7NE, ENE, NEFRESH TRADECLOUDY AND GLOOMY00000007182
1792-03-20T14:0018.97-37.221412.3N35W157.00-9NEBE, NE, NNESTEADY TRADEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007183
1792-03-21T15:0020.80-39.501712.3N51W166.00-6NNE, NBE, NEBN, NNEFRESH TRADEFAIR00000007184
1792-03-22T15:0022.32-41.403919.0N47W144.00-6NNE, NEBN, NE,FRESH GALESUNSETTLEDHEAVY SWELL FROM NE00000007185
1792-03-23T15:0024.32-42.533912.3N26W141.00-6NE, NEBN, NEFRESH TRADEUNSETTLED00000007186
1792-03-24T15:0026.57-44.223912.3N35W159.00-6NE, NEBE, NEFRESH TRADE WITH FREQUENT SQUALLSUNSETTLED00000007187
1792-03-25T15:0028.83-45.255919.0N21W155.00-9NEBE, VARIABLE, ENEFRESH GALES AND FREQUENT SQUALLSUNSETTLEDSWELL FROM N00000007188
1792-03-26T15:0030.75-48.83616.7N11W114.00-7ENE, EBN, NEBE, ENEMODERATE BREEZESFAIR00000007189
1792-03-27T15:0030.72-48.58162.6N70E14.00-7E, VARIABLE, NBE, NNELIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLE WITH CALMSSETTLEDCLEAR00000007190
1792-03-28T15:0031.03-47.801282.6N60E47.00-7NNE, N, VARIABLE, SEBE, SELIGHT BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHERFAIR00000007191
1792-03-29T15:0031.53-47.102162.6N48E49.00-9SE, SSE, S, SSW, SWLIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007192
1792-03-30T15:0032.68-46.701796.7N48E96.00-12SWBS, SW, SSE, SBWPLEASANT BREEZESFAIR00000007193
1792-03-31T15:0034.83-42.801917.3N47E195.00-12SW, SBW, SSWINCREASING BREEZEPLEASANT WEATHER00000007194
1792-04-01T15:0037.40-39.832119.3N46E200.00-14SBW, SWBS, SWSTEADY FRESH BREEZETHICKDRIZZLING RAINHEAVY SEA UP FROM WNW01000007195
1792-04-02T14:0040.13-36.6818419.8N43E219.00-19SW, SSWINCREASING FRESH GALEUNSETTLED00000007196
1792-04-03T14:0042.00-32.6024019.0N60E214.00-19SWBS, SSW, WSW, WBSFRESH GALESSEA MUCH UPHAZY AND CLOUDY00000007197
1792-04-04T14:0042.73-29.88202N69E130.00-23W, WNW, NNW, SWFIRST PART STEADY GALE, MIDDLE AND LATTER VARIABLE AND DECREASINGHEAVY SWELL FROM W00000007198
1792-04-05T14:0043.75-26.25362N66E155.00-23SW, S, SSE, VARIABLEVARIABLE BREEZESUNSETTLED00000007199
1792-04-06T13:0045.63-21.6318019.0N60E226.00-23SBE, WBS, SW, SWBSFRESH GALESTHICK CLOUDY WEATHER00000007200
1792-04-07T13:0047.10-17.1016819.0LIZARDN70E166N64E210.00-23S, SSW, SW, SBWFRESH GALESRAIN AT TIMESTHICK HAZY WEATHER01000007201
1792-04-08T13:0048.27-12.671659.3N73E190.00-26SBW, SWBW, SSW, S, SBWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY00000007202
1792-04-09T13:0048.97-8.001669.3N80E188.00-25SBW, SSW, SBWSTEADY BREEZESTHICKHAZY00000007203