García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during AJAX cruise from Ternatten to Banda started at 1834-07-23 [dataset]. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747256, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -1.746000 * Median Longitude: 128.271500 * South-bound Latitude: -4.570000 * West-bound Longitude: 126.050000 * North-bound Latitude: 0.680000 * East-bound Longitude: 131.430000
Date/Time Start: 1834-07-23T04:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1834-08-11T03:00:00
Event(s):
Ajax_18340723_MAR_D23905_39 * Latitude Start: 0.959800 * Longitude Start: 127.276000 * Latitude End: -4.070000 * Longitude End: 128.850000 * Date/Time Start: 1834-07-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1834-08-11T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Ajax (Korvet), Voyage: Ternatten - Banda, 1st Observer: N.L. Koops (Ltz), Company: MAR, Other ship information: KORVET VAN OORLOG AJAX GEWAPEND MET 20 LANGE STUKKEN A 12 POND, 2 LANGE STUKKEN A 8 POND EN 6 CARONADES A 12 POND. BEMAND MET 160 KOPPEN EN EEN BOVEROL VAN 16 KOPPEN, TEZAMEN 176 KOPPEN
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Pressure, atmospheric | PPPP | hPa | No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude | ||
| 7 | Temperature, air | TTT | °C | |||
| 8 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 9 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 10 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 11 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of second landmark | |||
| 12 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the second landmark | |||
| 13 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the second landmark | ||
| 14 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of third landmark | |||
| 15 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the third landmark | |||
| 16 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the third landmark | ||
| 17 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 18 | Watch | Watch | Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships | |||
| 19 | Glasses | Glasses | Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses | |||
| 20 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 21 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 22 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 23 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 24 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the (outside) air thermometer | ||
| 25 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the air pressure | ||
| 26 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 27 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 28 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 29 | Cloud type | Cloud type | ||||
| 30 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 31 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 32 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 33 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 34 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 35 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 36 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 37 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 38 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
542 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...) | 7 TTT [°C] | 8 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 9 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 11 Landmark (Name of second landmark) | 12 Bearing (Bearing of the second landmark) | 13 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the second landmark) | 14 Landmark (Name of third landmark) | 15 Bearing (Bearing of the third landmark) | 16 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the third landmark) | 17 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 18 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...) | 19 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...) | 20 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 21 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 22 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 23 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 24 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...) | 25 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure) | 26 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 27 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 28 Precip descr | 29 Cloud type | 30 Clearness | 31 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 32 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 33 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 34 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 35 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 36 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 37 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 38 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1834-07-23T04:00 | 0.68 | 127.03 | 226 | 4.6 | 1009.2 | 27.8 | WOLFKLIP (GIS) | ZZW 1/2 W | 7 | Z PUNT VAN FERNATTEN | NOTO 1/2 O | HARRIJ (?) | NOTN | VM | 8 | ZW 1/2 Z | 7.25 | PEILEN EILAND NORTIER ZO 1/4 Z | 1 | 82.00 | 29.80 | ZZO-ZW | ONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | BUIÏGE OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4848 | |||||
| 1834-07-24T04:00 | 0.22 | 127.07 | 226 | 4.6 | 1005.8 | 26.7 | W HOEK VAN EILAND GRONANGE | Z | Z HOEK VAN EILAND MANKIAN | O 1/2 Z | VM | 8 | ZZW 1/2 W | 8.00 | 1 | 80.00 | 29.70 | ZWTW-ZW | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | BETROKKEN LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4849 | |||||||||
| 1834-07-25T04:00 | 0.18 | 126.70 | 181 | 4.6 | 1005.8 | 27.2 | FERNATTEN | NOTN | MIDDEN VAN MANKIAN | ONO | N VAN LATTA (GIS) | ZTW | 3 | VM | 8 | ZW 1/2 W | 9.25 | 1 | 81.00 | 29.70 | ZZW-Z | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | BUIÏGE BETROKKEN LUCHT | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4850 | ||||||
| 1834-07-26T04:00 | -0.08 | 126.67 | 192 | 4.6 | 1009.2 | 27.8 | ZUIDELIJKSTE LAND | ZOTZ | VM | 8 | Z 1/3 W | 4.00 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.80 | Z-ZTW | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4851 | |||||||||||
| 1834-07-27T04:00 | -0.40 | 126.82 | 181 | 4.6 | 1009.2 | 28.3 | W LAND VAN MARYGOLANG | ZO 1/2 O | N LAND VAN LATTA | NO | MANKIAN | NOTN | VM | 8 | ZZO 1/8 O | 5.50 | 1 | 83.00 | 29.80 | ZTW-Z | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | BEWOLKTE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4852 | |||||||
| 1834-07-28T04:00 | -0.50 | 126.60 | 181 | 1.0 | 1009.2 | 27.8 | Z VAN LATTA | NOTO 1/2 O | Z VAN FAWALLY | O 1/2 N | OBY MINOR (GIS) | ZO 1/2 Z | 16 | VM | 8 | ZTW 7/8 W | 8.75 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.80 | ZO-Z | FLAUWE KOELTE | OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT | HEIÏGE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4853 | |||||
| 1834-07-29T04:00 | -0.47 | 126.48 | 136 | 1.0 | 1009.2 | 28.3 | OBY MINOR (GIS) | ZO 1/2 Z | 16 | Z HOEK VAN FAWALLY | O IETS Z | MANKIAN | NO 1/4 N | VM | 8 | WNW 3/4 W | 2.25 | 1 | 83.00 | 29.80 | ZOTO-ZO | FLAUWE KOELTE | HELDERE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4854 | ||||||
| 1834-07-30T04:00 | -1.03 | 126.05 | 1009.2 | 28.9 | LISJAMATULA (GIS) | ZO 3/4 Z | 12 | VM | 8 | ZW 3/4 W | 10.75 | 1 | 84.00 | 29.80 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4855 | |||||||||||||||
| 1834-07-31T04:00 | -1.22 | 126.43 | 181 | 2.6 | 1009.2 | 27.8 | O LAND VAN KULLA MANGOLA | ZZW | O HOEK VAN LISJAMATULA (GIS) | ZTO | 7 | ZW HOEK VAN OBY MAYOR (GIS) | OZO | 13 | VM | 8 | ZOTO 2/3 O | 6.25 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.80 | Z | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4856 | |||||
| 1834-08-01T04:00 | -1.62 | 127.00 | 181 | 4.6 | 1009.2 | 27.8 | W HOEK VAN FYPA | NNO | ZO HOEK VAN OBY MINOR | NOTO | Z HOEK VAN OBY MAYOR | OZO 1/2 O | VM | 8 | ZO 7/8 O | 10.50 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.80 | ZZW-Z | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | HELDERE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4857 | |||||||
| 1834-08-02T04:00 | -2.02 | 127.28 | 170 | 4.9 | 1005.8 | 27.8 | BAAI VAN JAVA OP CERAM (GIS) | OZO | 30 | ZO HOEK VAN GOMONO | NOTO | W HOEK VAN GOMONO | NO | VM | 8 | ZO 7/8 O | 7.50 | PEILEN W HOEK VAN OBY MINOR NTW 3/4 W. NAAR AANLEIDING VAN DE PEILINGEN WORDT DE VERMOEDELIJKE LIGGING VAN GOMONO BEPAALD OP: ZB 1°45 LENGTE 127°31. DE VERMOEDELIJKE LIGGING VAN OBY MINOR WORDT BEPAALD OP: ZB 1°27 EN LENGTE 127°5 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.70 | ZZO-ZTO | FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4858 | |||||
| 1834-08-03T03:00 | -2.53 | 128.23 | 181 | 0.0 | 1009.2 | 28.3 | BAAI VAN JAVA OP CERAM (GIS) | OZO 1/2 O | 13 | W HOEK VAN CERAM | ZZW 1/2 W | OOSTELIJKSTE LAND IN ZICHT VAN CERAM (?) | ZOTO | VM | 8 | ZOTO 1/2 O | 16.50 | 1 | 83.00 | 29.80 | Z | ZEER FLAUW BRIESJE, MEEST STIL | HEIÏGE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4859 | ||||||
| 1834-08-04T03:00 | -2.53 | 128.90 | 181 | 2.6 | 1012.6 | 27.8 | HOEK VAN DE BAAI VAN JAVA | ZTO IETS O | LAND VAN DE VLAKKE HOEK | OZO | WESTELIJKSTE LAND IN ZICHT | ZWTW 1/2 W | VM | 8 | O 1/3 Z | 10.00 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.90 | Z | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | HEIÏGE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4860 | |||||||
| 1834-08-05T03:00 | -2.67 | 129.52 | 114 | 1.0 | 1009.2 | 28.3 | OOSTELIJKSTE LAND | ZOTO 1/2 O | LAGE PUNT | ZWTW 1/2 W | VM | 8 | OZO 7/8 O | 9.50 | 1 | 83.00 | 29.80 | O-OZO | FLAUWE KOELTE | HEIÏGE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4861 | |||||||||
| 1834-08-06T03:00 | -2.82 | 130.17 | 114 | 2.6 | 1012.6 | 27.8 | LEEUWAARDERS DROOGTE (GIS) | OTZ | 8 | O HOEK VAN CERAM | ZO 1/2 Z | VLAKKE HOEK | ZWTW | VM | 8 | OZO 3/4 O | 8.50 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.90 | OZO | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4862 | ||||||
| 1834-08-07T03:00 | -2.72 | 130.83 | 181 | 2.6 | 1012.6 | 28.3 | NO PUNT VAN GORAM (GIS) | ZOTZ | 20 | VM | 8 | O 3/4 N | 10.00 | 1 | 83.00 | 29.90 | ZTW-Z | FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | WEINIG REGEN | BUIÏGE LUCHT | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4863 | |||||||||
| 1834-08-08T03:00 | -3.02 | 131.43 | 159 | 4.6 | 1012.6 | 27.8 | NO PUNT VAN EILAND GORAM (GIS) | ZZO | 15 | W HOEK VAN NIEUW GUINEA | NOTO | O HOEK VAN SABUDA | NTO | VM | 8 | ZOTO 2/3 O | 10.00 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.90 | ZZO | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | WEINIG REGEN | OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4864 | |||||
| 1834-08-09T03:00 | -3.77 | 131.12 | 114 | 6.7 | 1009.2 | 27.8 | NO HOEK VAN GORAM | ZO | VM | 8 | ZZW | 12.50 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.80 | ZO-OZO | STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | HEIÏGE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4865 | |||||||||||
| 1834-08-10T03:00 | -4.03 | 131.38 | 102 | 1012.6 | 27.8 | N HOEK VAN GORAM | NW 1/2 W | ZO HOEK VAN GORAM | ZZW 1/2 W | VM | 8 | ZOTO 7/8 O | 10.00 | 1 | 82.00 | 29.90 | OZO-OTZ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4866 | ||||||||||||
| 1834-08-11T03:00 | -4.57 | 129.72 | 136 | 6.7 | 1009.2 | 27.2 | 1 | VM | 8 | ZWTW 7/8 W | 25.75 | 1 | 81.00 | 29.80 | ZO | STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4867 |