García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during TARTAR cruise from Bombay started at 1751-04-01 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747112, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 13.511633 * Median Longitude: 59.922653 * South-bound Latitude: 8.000000 * West-bound Longitude: 51.340000 * North-bound Latitude: 19.230000 * East-bound Longitude: 72.590000
Event(s):
Tartar_17510401_NMM_ADM/L/T17 * Latitude Start: 18.500000 * Longitude Start: 72.820000 * Latitude End: 18.770000 * Longitude End: 65.000000 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Tartar (Frigate), Start of voyage: 1751-04-12, End of voyage: 1751-05-30,Voyage: start at Bombay, 1st Observer: William Brett (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 20G 442BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date/time start | Date/time start | ||||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Comment | Comment | Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc. | |||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 15 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 16 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 17 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 18 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 19 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 20 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 21 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 22 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 23 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 24 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 25 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 26 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 27 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 28 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 29 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
987 data points
Data
| 1 Date/time start | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Comment (Any remark, found in the logb...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 15 V descr | 16 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 17 ww (Weather description) | 18 Precip descr | 19 State sea descr | 20 Clearness | 21 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 22 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 23 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 24 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 25 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 26 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 27 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 28 Comment | 29 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1751-04-12T07:00 | 18.98 | 72.59 | 234 | 6.7 | PARNELLA HILL | SE1/2E | 5 | -2 | SW, NW, SWBW | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MID AND LATTER PART MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250226 | |||||||||
| 1751-04-13T07:00 | 19.03 | 72.33 | 200 | 9.3 | HIGH LANDS OF ST JOHN | SSE | 10 | -3 | SW, SWBS, SSW | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH BREEZES, MID PART MODERATE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS CLOUDY, MID PART HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250227 | |||||||||
| 1751-04-14T07:00 | 19.08 | 72.07 | 188 | 6.7 | HIGH LANDS OF ST JOHN | SE1/2E | 7 | -3 | SWBS, SW, SWBW, SSW, SBW | FIRST PART FRESH BREEZES, MID AND LATTER PART MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250228 | |||||||||
| 1751-04-15T07:00 | 19.13 | 71.81 | 200 | 6.7 | HIGH LANDS OF ST JOHN | E1/2N | 9 | -3 | WSW, W, WBN, WNW, SSW | FIRST AND LATTER PART MODERATE, MID PART FRESH BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250229 | |||||||||
| 1751-04-16T07:00 | 19.18 | 71.55 | 312 | 9.3 | MAYAM KELLAM PEAK | EBS | 12 | -3 | SW, WSW, WBN, WSW, NW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MID AND LATER PART FRESH BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250230 | |||||||||
| 1751-04-17T07:00 | 19.23 | 71.30 | 155 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N55:59E | 34 | S55:00W | 48.00 | -3 | WBN, W, WNW, NWBW, SSE | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250231 | |||||||
| 1751-04-18T07:00 | 18.58 | 70.50 | 357 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N54:03E | 54 | SW1/2W | 62.00 | -3 | WSW, NW, NWBN, NNW, N | MODERATE | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250232 | |||||||
| 1751-04-19T07:00 | 17.85 | 69.31 | 42 | 9.3 | ST JOHNS | N55:28E | 82 | S58:00W | 84.00 | -3 | NWBN, NW, NNE, N, NE | FIRST PART MODERATE, MID AND LATTER PARTS FRESH BREEZES | FIRST PART HAZY, MID AND LATTER PARTS CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250233 | |||||||
| 1751-04-20T07:00 | 16.87 | 68.21 | 245 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N53:33E | 111 | SW1/4W | 88.00 | -3 | SSW, SWBW, WSW | FIRST AND LATTER PART MODERATE, MID PART CALM | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250234 | |||||||
| 1751-04-21T07:00 | 16.23 | 67.53 | 335 | 2.6 | ST JOHNS | N52:10E | 128 | S44:00W | 53.00 | -3 | N, NW, W, NWBW, NNW | FIRST AND LATTER PART LITTLE WIND, MID PART CALM | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250235 | |||||||
| 1751-04-22T08:00 | 15.37 | 66.40 | 310 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N52:37E | 158 | S55:00W | 90.00 | -5 | NNW, NWBN, NW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250236 | |||||||
| 1751-04-23T08:00 | 14.87 | 65.10 | 310 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N55:04E | 185 | S69:00W | 84.00 | -5 | NNW, NW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250237 | |||||||
| 1751-04-24T08:00 | 14.53 | 63.70 | 40 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N57:54E | 211 | S77:00W | 87.00 | -5 | N, NBW, NE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250238 | |||||||
| 1751-04-25T08:00 | 14.12 | 63.05 | 288 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N57:53E | 228 | S58:00W | 47.00 | -5 | NNW, NW, NWBN, WNW | FIRST PART CALM, MID AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250239 | |||||||
| 1751-04-26T08:00 | 13.68 | 62.58 | 265 | 0.0 | ST JOHNS | N57:18E | 240 | S47:00W | 39.00 | -5 | WBN, WNW, NW, W | FIRST AND MID PART LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER PART CALM | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250240 | |||||||
| 1751-04-27T08:00 | 12.92 | 62.11 | 50 | 1.0 | ST JOHNS | N55:33E | 256 | S31:00W | 54.00 | -6 | WSW, NWBN, ENE, NEBE | LIGHT AIRS | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250241 | |||||||
| 1751-04-28T08:00 | 12.57 | 61.28 | 50 | 1.0 | ST JOHNS | N56:19E | 274 | WSW | 54.00 | -6 | ENE, NEBE | LIGHT AIRS | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250242 | |||||||
| 1751-04-29T08:00 | 11.87 | 60.18 | 61 | 2.6 | ST JOHNS | N56:25E | 300 | S58:00W | 78.00 | -7 | NE, ENE | LITTLE WINDS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250243 | |||||||
| 1751-04-30T08:00 | 11.68 | 59.75 | 331 | 2.6 | ST JOHNS | N56:44E | 309 | S67:00W | 29.00 | -7 | ENE-NNW | LITTLE WINDS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250244 | |||||||
| 1751-05-01T08:00 | 11.10 | 59.11 | 319 | 2.6 | ST JOHNS | N56:27E | 328 | S52:00W | 57.00 | -7 | NE, N, NWBN | LITTLE WIND | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250245 | |||||||
| 1751-05-02T08:00 | 10.42 | 58.44 | 297 | 2.6 | ST JOHNS | N55:57E | 348 | S48:00W | 62.00 | -7 | NWBN, WNW, NWBW | LIGHT BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250246 | |||||||
| 1751-05-03T08:00 | 9.67 | 57.57 | 319 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N55:43E | 373 | S52:00W | 74.00 | -7 | NWBN, NNW, NWBN | MODERATE | LARGE SWELL FROM WSW | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250247 | ||||||
| 1751-05-04T08:00 | 9.27 | 56.75 | 317 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N56:15E | 392 | S66:00W | 60.00 | -9 | NNW, NBW, NWBN | MODERATE | LIGHTNING | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 250248 | ||||||
| 1751-05-05T08:00 | 9.52 | 55.31 | 14 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N59:11E | 416 | N81:00W | 94.00 | -9 | NBW, NBE, N, NNE | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MID FRESH BREEZES SQUALLY WITH RAIN | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250249 | |||||||
| 1751-05-06T08:00 | 9.70 | 54.94 | 239 | ST JOHNS | N60:16E | 422 | N68:00W | 90.00 | -9 | NNE, N, NBE, WSW | FIRST AN MID PART MODERATE | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | LATTER PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 250250 | |||||||
| 1751-05-07T08:00 | 9.65 | 54.56 | 340 | 2.6 | ST JOHNS | N60:47E | 431 | S84:00W | 29.00 | -9 | NW, NEBE, N, NBW | FIRST AND LATTER LITTLE WINDS, MID PART SQUALLY | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | HARD RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 250251 | |||||
| 1751-05-08T08:00 | 9.75 | 54.37 | 36 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N61:22E | 435 | N70:00W | 18.00 | -9 | NNE, CALM, NE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250252 | |||||||
| 1751-05-09T08:00 | 10.17 | 53.55 | 126 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N63:26E | 447 | N66:00W | 61.00 | -9 | NE, ENE, E, SE | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250253 | |||||||
| 1751-05-10T08:00 | 10.32 | 53.11 | 14 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N64:28E | 455 | N74:00W | 34.00 | -9 | SEBE, E, NE, NNE | MODERATE | FAIR | LARGE SW SWELL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250254 | ||||||
| 1751-05-11T08:00 | 10.15 | 53.14 | 239 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N63:51E | 459 | N14:00W | 77.00 | -9 | NE, N, WSW | SBE (SEBE) | 1.5 | MODERATE, WITH MIDDLE PART CALM | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250255 | |||||
| 1751-05-12T08:00 | 10.13 | 52.81 | 306 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N64:30E | 466 | N79:00W | 27.00 | -9 | WSW, W, WNW, NW | MODERATE, WITH MID PART CALM | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250256 | |||||||
| 1751-05-13T09:00 | 10.58 | 52.10 | 248 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N66:18E | 477 | N61:00W | 65.00 | -11 | WSW, SWBW, WBS | FIRST AND LATTER PART MODERATE, MID PART FRESH BREEZES | FIRST AND LATTER PART HAZY, MID PART CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250257 | |||||||
| 1751-05-14T09:00 | 9.80 | 51.78 | 304 | 9.3 | ST JOHNS | N65:01E | 491 | SSW1/2W | 25.00 | -11 | WSW, W, WBN, NW | FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250258 | ||||||||
| 1751-05-15T09:00 | 9.07 | 51.70 | 214 | 9.3 | ST JOHNS | N63:40E | 501 | S15:00W | 45.00 | -11 | WBN, W, SWBW, SW | SSE | 5 | FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250259 | ||||||
| 1751-05-16T09:00 | 9.07 | 51.55 | 169 | 19.0 | ST JOHNS | N62:19E | 512 | S18:00W | 50.00 | -11 | WSW, W, WBN, WNW, S | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | LIGHTNING | LARGE SEA AT WNW | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 250260 | ||||||
| 1751-05-17T09:00 | 8.00 | 51.34 | 259 | 19.0 | ST JOHNS | N62:06E | 520 | S42:00W | 25.00 | SPRUNG THE MAIN YARD | -11 | WNW, W, NW, WSW, W | FRESH GALES AND HARD SQUALLS | RAIN | LARGE SEA FROM W | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250261 | |||||
| 1751-05-18T09:00 | 8.00 | 51.49 | 192 | 0.0 | ST JOHNS | N63:11E | 514 | N5:00E | 34.00 | -11 | W, NW, NNW, SSW | FIRST AND MID PART SQUALLY, LATTER PART CALM | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250262 | |||||||
| 1751-05-19T09:00 | 8.00 | 51.79 | 349 | ST JOHNS | N64:05E | 502 | N21:00E | 36.00 | -11 | NW, WNW, W, NW, N | FIRST PART CALM, MID AND LATTER SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250263 | |||||||||
| 1751-05-20T09:00 | 10.23 | 51.70 | 304 | 19.0 | ST JOHNS | N66:34E | 499 | N10:00W | 68.00 | -11 | NW, WSW, NBE, NW | EBS | 10 | FIRST AND MID PARTS SQUALLY WITH CALMS, LATTER PART FRESH GALES | LARGE SEA FRON W | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250264 | ||||
| 1751-05-21T09:00 | 11.20 | 51.95 | 248 | 22.6 | ST JOHNS | N68:30E | 489 | N3/4E | 59.00 | -11 | WSW, W, SSE, WBS | STRONG GALES AND HARD SQUALLS | LARGE SEA FRON W | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250265 | |||||||
| 1751-05-22T08:00 | 13.23 | 53.14 | 251 | 22.6 | ST JOHNS | N72:15E | 455 | N28:00E | 138.00 | -8 | WSW, WNW, WBS | STRONG GALES AND HARD SQUALLS | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 250266 | ||||||
| 1751-05-23T08:00 | 14.93 | 55.06 | 296 | 19.0 | ST JOHNS | N75:13E | 411 | N47:00E | 150.00 | -8 | WNW, NWBW | FRESH GALES | LARGE SEA FRON SW | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250267 | ||||||
| 1751-05-24T08:00 | 16.02 | 56.87 | 318 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N77:07E | 372 | N58:00E | 122.00 | -8 | NWBW, NWBN | MODERATE | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250268 | |||||||
| 1751-05-25T08:00 | 16.63 | 58.17 | 320 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N78:13E | 346 | N63:00E | 81.00 | -6 | NW, NNW, NWBN | MODERATE | LARGE SWELL TO THE W | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250269 | ||||||
| 1751-05-26T08:00 | 17.45 | 59.41 | 287 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N80:14E | 320 | N54:00E | 85.00 | -6 | NWBN, W, WNW | MODERATE | LARGE SWELL TO THE W | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250270 | ||||||
| 1751-05-27T08:00 | 18.32 | 61.16 | 242 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N82:34E | 285 | NEBE1/2E | 110.00 | -6 | WNW, SWBW, WSW | MODERATE | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250271 | |||||||
| 1751-05-28T08:00 | 18.50 | 63.24 | 265 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N82:11E | 245 | N84:00E | 120.00 | -5 | WSW, W | MODERATE | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 250272 | |||||||
| 1751-05-29T08:00 | 18.65 | 63.75 | 254 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N82:48E | 237 | N84:00E | 86.00 | -5 | W, WBS | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 250273 | ||||||
| 1751-05-30T08:00 | 18.77 | 65.00 | 220 | 6.7 | ST JOHNS | N82:28E | 213 | E1/2N | 70.00 | -5 | WBS, WNW, SW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 250274 |