García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during SPEEDWELL cruise from St. Johns to Uk started at 1750-05-15 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747074, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 37.121379 * Median Longitude: -40.140345 * South-bound Latitude: 17.170000 * West-bound Longitude: -61.630000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.670000 * East-bound Longitude: -7.130000
Event(s):
Speedwell_17500515_NMM_ADM/L/S369 * Latitude Start: 17.206000 * Longitude Start: -61.646000 * Latitude End: 49.450000 * Longitude End: -5.630000 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Speedwell, Start of voyage: 1750-05-26, End of voyage: 1750-06-24, Voyage: St Johns Road (Antigua) - Uk, 1st Observer: Sampson Salt (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: SLOOP, 10G, 268BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date/time start | Date/time start | ||||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 26 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
606 data points
Data
| 1 Date/time start | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 Comment | 26 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1750-05-26T16:00 | 17.17 | -60.58 | 94 | 6.7 | POPES HEAD | S | 21 | N | 62.00 | 4 | E | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238827 | ||||
| 1750-05-27T16:00 | 19.57 | -61.63 | 93 | POPES HEAD | S1/4W | 47 | N7:00E | 83.00 | 3 | E1/2N-E | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, MID AND LATTER PART SQUALLY | DRIZZLING RAIN | FIRST PART FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238828 | ||||
| 1750-05-28T16:00 | 20.93 | -60.69 | 127 | 19.0 | POPES HEAD | S16:00W | 78 | N32:00E | 99.00 | 3 | EBS, SEBE | FIRST AND MID PART MODERATE, LATTER PART FRESH GALES | FIRST AND MID PART FAIR, LATTER PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238829 | ||||
| 1750-05-29T16:00 | 22.08 | -59.54 | 93 | 6.7 | POPES HEAD | S23:00W | 107 | N43:00E | 94.00 | 3 | SEBE-E | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238830 | ||||
| 1750-05-30T16:00 | 24.03 | -58.64 | 226 | 19.0 | POPES HEAD | S23:00W | 150 | N23:00E | 128.00 | 1 | SE-SW | FIRST PART SQUALLY, MID AND LATTER PARTS FRESH GALES | RAIN | FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238831 | |||
| 1750-05-31T16:00 | 25.28 | -58.04 | 102 | 9.3 | POPES HEAD | S23:00W | 177 | N24:00E | 82.00 | 1 | SEBE-EBS | FRESH BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238832 | ||||
| 1750-06-01T16:00 | 26.57 | -56.89 | 124 | 15.4 | POPES HEAD | S26:00W | 209 | N39:00E | 99.00 | 0 | ESE-SEBE | MODERATE GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238833 | ||||
| 1750-06-02T16:00 | 28.00 | -55.61 | 121 | 9.3 | POPES HEAD | S28:00W | 245 | N38:00E | 110.00 | -3 | ESE, SEBE | FRESH BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238834 | ||||
| 1750-06-03T16:00 | 29.87 | -53.68 | 121 | 6.7 | POPES HEAD | S30:00W | 294 | N42:00E | 150.00 | -3 | SE-SEBE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238835 | ||||
| 1750-06-04T15:00 | 31.58 | -51.76 | 187 | 9.3 | POPES HEAD | S32:00W | 341 | N44:00E | 143.00 | -4 | SBE -SBW | FRESH BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238836 | ||||
| 1750-06-05T15:00 | 33.25 | -49.79 | 162 | 6.7 | POPES HEAD | S34:00W | 388 | NE | 143.00 | -7 | SBE | MODERATE BREEZES | GREAT SWELL FROM THE W | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238837 | |||
| 1750-06-06T15:00 | 34.48 | -48.41 | 196 | 6.7 | POPES HEAD | S35:00W | 421 | N43:00E | 101.00 | -7 | SSW | MODERATE BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238838 | ||||
| 1750-06-07T15:00 | 35.88 | -46.83 | 207 | 9.3 | POPES HEAD | S35:00W | 460 | N43:00E | 115.00 | -7 | SWBS | FRESH BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238839 | ||||
| 1750-06-08T15:00 | 37.63 | -44.78 | 90 | 9.3 | POPES HEAD | S37:00W | 514 | N42:00E | 144.00 | -11 | S, EBS | FRESH BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238840 | ||||
| 1750-06-09T15:00 | 39.33 | -42.31 | 169 | 9.3 | POPES HEAD | S38:00W | 600 | N48:00E | 156.00 | -11 | SBE-S | FRESH BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238841 | ||||
| 1750-06-10T15:00 | 40.73 | -40.38 | 158 | 9.3 | POPES HEAD | S39:00W | 638 | N47:00E | 122.00 | -11 | SSE, SBE | FRESH BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238842 | ||||
| 1750-06-11T15:00 | 41.95 | -38.43 | 113 | 9.3 | POPES HEAD | S40:00W | 680 | N51:00E | 114.00 | -11 | SBE, SEBE | FRESH BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238843 | ||||
| 1750-06-12T14:00 | 43.13 | -36.08 | 199 | 6.7 | POPES HEAD | S40:00W | 680 | NEBE | 126.00 | -15 | SWBS | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238844 | ||||
| 1750-06-13T14:00 | 44.42 | -33.53 | 221 | 2.6 | POPES HEAD | S41:00W | 724 | NEBE | 135.00 | -15 | SWBW | FIRST AND MID PART FRESH GALES, LATTER PART LITTLE WINDS | FIRST AND MID PART HAZY, LATTER PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238845 | ||||
| 1750-06-14T14:00 | 45.42 | -31.69 | 154 | 2.6 | POPES HEAD | S42:00W | 758 | N54:00E | 100.00 | -15 | WSW-SBE | LIGHT BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238846 | ||||
| 1750-06-15T14:00 | 46.70 | -27.81 | 210 | 4.6 | POPES HEAD | S44:00W | 820 | NEBE1/4E | 180.00 | -15 | SWBW-SW | LIGHT GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238847 | ||||
| 1750-06-16T14:00 | 47.43 | -25.08 | 244 | 2.6 | POPES HEAD | S45:00W | 838 | ENE | 120.00 | -15 | WBN, WNW, WBS | LITTLE WINDS | DRIZZLING RAIN | WESTERLY SWELL | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238848 | ||
| 1750-06-17T14:00 | 47.52 | -24.09 | 5 | 2.6 | POPES HEAD | S46:00W | 871 | N83:00E | 40.00 | -18 | WBS-NE, NNE | LITTLE WINDS | FOGG | DRIZZLING RAIN | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238849 | ||
| 1750-06-18T14:00 | 47.82 | -23.19 | 297 | 2.6 | POPES HEAD | S46:00W | 884 | N63:00E | 40.00 | -18 | NE, NW | LITTLE WINDS | CALM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238850 | ||||
| 1750-06-19T13:00 | 48.20 | -22.38 | 241 | 9.3 | POPES HEAD | S46:00W | 898 | N56:00E | 40.00 | -18 | NW-WBS | FRESH BREEZES | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238851 | ||||
| 1750-06-20T13:00 | 48.92 | -19.28 | 331 | 19.0 | POPES HEAD | S48:00W | 943 | N70:00E | 130.00 | -18 | WBS-NBW | FRESH GALES | DRIZZLING RAIN | FIRST AND LATTER PART FAIR, MID PART HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238852 | |||
| 1750-06-21T13:00 | 49.48 | -14.81 | 286 | 19.0 | POPES HEAD | S50:00W | 1002 | N79:00E | 180.00 | -18 | NBW-NWBW | FRESH GALES | GREAT SEA FROM NW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238853 | |||
| 1750-06-22T13:00 | 49.48 | -11.01 | 287 | 6.7 | POPES HEAD | S52:00W | 1052 | E | 150.00 | -17 | NWBW | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MID AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER PART FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 238854 | |||
| 1750-06-23T12:00 | 49.67 | -7.13 | 287 | 6.7 | POPES HEAD | S54:00W | 1102 | NEBE | 152.00 | -17 | NWBW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238855 | ||||
| 1750-06-24T00:00 | 281 | 19.0 | LIGHTHOUSE ON ST AGNES | N | 6 | NWBW-WBN | FRESH GALES | FIRST PART FAIR, MID AND LATTER THICK HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 238856 |