García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during SCORPION cruise from Brunswick to Baltimore Harbour started at 1753-04-19 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747059, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 43.049070 * Median Longitude: -39.230233 * South-bound Latitude: 33.000000 * West-bound Longitude: -77.620000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.480000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.300000
Event(s):
Scorpion_17530419_NMM_ADM/L/S181 * Latitude Start: 33.796000 * Longitude Start: -77.840000 * Latitude End: 36.770000 * Longitude End: -74.980000 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Scorpion (Sloop), Start of voyage: 1753-04-19, End of voyage: 1753-05-31, Voyage: Brunswick - Baltimore Harbour, 1st Observer: John Holwell (Captain), 2nd Observer: David Shuckforth (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 10G 268BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date/time start | Date/time start | ||||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of second landmark | |||
| 10 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the second landmark | |||
| 11 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the second landmark | ||
| 12 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 13 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 14 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 15 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 16 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 17 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 18 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 19 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 20 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 21 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 22 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 23 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 24 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 25 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 26 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 27 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 28 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
848 data points
Data
| 1 Date/time start | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Landmark (Name of second landmark) | 10 Bearing (Bearing of the second landmark) | 11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the second landmark) | 12 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 13 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 14 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 15 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 16 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 17 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 18 Precip descr | 19 Clearness | 20 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 21 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 22 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 23 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 24 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 25 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 26 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 27 Comment | 28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1753-04-19T17:00 | 33.17 | -77.62 | 45 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | N3:00W | 17 | S3:00E | 57.00 | 0 | E, NNE, NE | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232600 | ||||||
| 1753-04-20T17:00 | 33.13 | -76.35 | 362 | CAPE FEAR | N66:00W | 29 | S79:00E | 78.00 | -1 | VARIABLE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER PART MUCH RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232601 | ||||||
| 1753-04-21T17:00 | 33.00 | -74.36 | 269 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | N71:00W | 64 | S71:00E | 102.00 | -1 | W | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 232602 | ||||||
| 1753-04-22T17:00 | 33.67 | -70.93 | 222 | CAPE FEAR | N87:00W | 124 | N76:00E | 173.00 | -3 | SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER PART RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232603 | ||||||
| 1753-04-23T17:00 | 33.78 | -70.13 | 42 | CAPE FEAR | N85:00W | 130 | N80:00E | 40.00 | -3 | NE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER PART MUCH RAIN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232604 | ||||||
| 1753-04-24T17:00 | 34.00 | -69.93 | 346 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | N86:00W | 137 | N26:00E | 23.00 | -3 | NBW | FIRST PART SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232605 | ||||||
| 1753-04-25T16:00 | 35.18 | -66.68 | 221 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | N80W | 204 | N63:00E | 159.00 | -4 | SW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232606 | ||||||
| 1753-04-26T16:00 | 36.07 | -64.03 | 221 | 2.6 | CAPE FEAR | S80:00W | 239 | N67:00E | 134.00 | -4 | SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER LITTLE WINDS | FIRST AND MIDDLE PART RAIN | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232607 | |||||
| 1753-04-27T16:00 | 36.12 | -62.05 | 40 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S80:30W | 238 | N13:00E | 2.00 | -5 | NE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, MIDDLE SQUALLY | FIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232608 | ||||||
| 1753-04-28T16:00 | 36.47 | -61.88 | 355 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S79:00W | 255 | N64:41E | 44.00 | -5 | N | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232609 | ||||||
| 1753-04-29T16:00 | 37.23 | -60.43 | 310 | 1.0 | CAPE FEAR | S77W | 288 | N64:41E | 107.00 | -5 | NW | LIGHT AIRS | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232610 | ||||||
| 1753-04-30T16:00 | 37.95 | -58.98 | 317 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S76:00W | 324 | N64:41E | 101.00 | -9 | NWBN | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232611 | ||||||
| 1753-05-01T16:00 | 38.28 | -57.61 | 36 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S75:20W | 337 | N76:20E | 76.00 | -9 | NE | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, MIDDLE SQUALLY | MIDDLE RAINY | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232612 | |||||
| 1753-05-02T16:00 | 38.50 | -57.20 | 362 | 2.6 | CAPE FEAR | S75:11W | 350 | N56:15E | 26.00 | -10 | VARIABLE | LITTLE WIND | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232613 | ||||||
| 1753-05-03T16:00 | 39.00 | -55.81 | 170 | 2.6 | CAPE FEAR | S74:14W | 370 | N64:41E | 72.00 | -10 | S | LITTLE WIND | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232614 | ||||||
| 1753-05-04T16:00 | 39.75 | -53.18 | 238 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S73:47W | 413 | N69:54E | 131.00 | -10 | WSW | FRESH GALES | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232615 | ||||||
| 1753-05-05T15:00 | 39.57 | -52.48 | 34 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S74:51W | 423 | S66:45E | 45.00 | -11 | NE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PART FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST AND MIDDLE RAIN | LATTER PART FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232616 | |||||
| 1753-05-06T15:00 | 41.13 | -49.81 | 237 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S72:15W | 467 | N52:10E | 150.00 | -11 | WSW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES | MIDDLE AND LATTER PARTS RAINY | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232617 | |||||
| 1753-05-07T15:00 | 41.63 | -48.28 | 248 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S71:55W | 490 | N66:30E | 75.00 | -11 | WBS | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232618 | ||||||
| 1753-05-08T15:00 | 42.55 | -45.96 | 233 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S71:09W | 530 | N62:00E | 117.00 | -15 | WSW | MODERATE | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232619 | |||||||
| 1753-05-09T15:00 | 43.28 | -45.65 | 362 | 2.6 | CAPE FEAR | S69:46W | 537 | N29E | 30.00 | -15 | VARIABLE | LITTLE WIND | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232620 | ||||||
| 1753-05-10T15:00 | 44.77 | -43.30 | 143 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S69:07W | 580 | N53:00E | 130.00 | -15 | SSE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 232621 | |||||
| 1753-05-11T15:00 | 45.30 | -39.03 | 154 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S69:14W | 633 | N78:45E | 164.00 | -15 | SBE | FRESH GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232622 | ||||||
| 1753-05-12T14:00 | 46.23 | -34.61 | 176 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S70:00W | 703 | N76:00E | 189.00 | -15 | SBW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232623 | ||||||
| 1753-05-13T14:00 | 46.33 | -32.95 | 362 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S70:11W | 726 | N78:45E | 71.00 | -15 | VARIABLE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232624 | ||||||
| 1753-05-14T14:00 | 46.48 | -30.48 | 210 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S70:55W | 763 | N85:00E | 101.00 | -15 | SW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232625 | ||||||
| 1753-05-15T14:00 | 46.53 | -28.70 | 233 | 2.6 | CAPE FEAR | S71:29W | 786 | N88:00E | 78.00 | -15 | WSW | LITTLE WIND | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232626 | ||||||
| 1753-05-16T14:00 | 46.75 | -27.65 | 323 | 2.6 | CAPE FEAR | S71:21W | 797 | N75:56E | 54.00 | -15 | NNW | LITTLE WIND | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232627 | ||||||
| 1753-05-17T14:00 | 46.93 | -26.55 | 164 | 2.6 | CAPE FEAR | S71:35W | 826 | N75:56E | 48.00 | -16 | S | LITTLE WIND | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232628 | ||||||
| 1753-05-18T14:00 | 47.83 | -22.81 | 185 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S71:28W | 870 | N70:19E | 161.00 | -18 | SSW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232629 | ||||||
| 1753-05-19T13:00 | 48.85 | -18.45 | 173 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S71:29W | 980 | CAPE CLEAR | N55E | 60 | N74:00E | 220.00 | -18 | SBW | FRESH GALES | DRIZZLING RAIN | FIRST PART FAIR, MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 232630 | |
| 1753-05-20T13:00 | 49.53 | -14.80 | 342 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S71:00W | 980 | N74:00E | 115.00 | -18 | N | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND, LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232631 | ||||||
| 1753-05-21T13:00 | 49.48 | -9.81 | 185 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S72:52W | 1053 | N89:00E | 194.00 | -18 | SSW | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232632 | ||||||
| 1753-05-22T12:00 | 49.40 | -7.26 | 275 | 2.6 | CAPE FEAR | S75:36W | 1091 | N87:00E | 100.00 | -18 | WNW | FIRST AND MIDDLE MODERATE, LATTER PART LITTLE WIND AND CALM | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232633 | |||||||
| 1753-05-23T12:00 | 49.37 | -7.21 | 117 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S73:37W | 1092 | LIZARD | ENE | 20 | S70:19E | 3.00 | -18 | SE | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232634 | |||
| 1753-05-24T13:00 | 50.07 | -7.96 | 106 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | -18 | SEBE | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232635 | ||||||||||
| 1753-05-25T13:00 | 50.78 | -8.67 | 106 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | -18 | SEBE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232636 | ||||||||||
| 1753-05-26T13:00 | 51.48 | -9.37 | 117 | 1 | -18 | SE | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232637 | |||||||||||||
| 1753-05-27T13:00 | 51.48 | -9.37 | 162 | 1 | -18 | S | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232638 | |||||||||||||
| 1753-05-28T13:00 | 51.45 | -9.50 | 207 | 6.7 | CAPE CLEAR | W | 3 | 1 | -18 | SW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232639 | |||||||
| 1753-05-29T13:00 | 49.62 | -7.77 | 353 | 6.7 | CAPE CLEAR | N40:00W | 43 | S40:00E | 130.00 | -18 | NBE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232640 | ||||||
| 1753-05-30T12:00 | 49.42 | -6.00 | 50 | 6.7 | CAPE CLEAR | N57W | 64 | S81:44E | 81.00 | -18 | ENE | MODERATE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232641 | ||||||
| 1753-05-31T12:00 | 49.57 | -5.30 | 27 | 6.7 | ST MARYS SCILLY | N59:04W | 13 | N59:04E | 44.00 | -18 | NE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232642 |