García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during SCORPION cruise from Southport to Makinda Creek started at 1750-12-15 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747057, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 35.140370 * Median Longitude: -45.000000 * South-bound Latitude: 31.770000 * West-bound Longitude: -76.980000 * North-bound Latitude: 38.150000 * East-bound Longitude: -7.400000
Event(s):
Scorpion_17501215_NMM_ADM/L/S181 * Latitude: 32.430000 * Longitude: -76.980000 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Scorpion (Sloop), Start of voyage: 1750-12-26, End of voyage: 1751-01-27, Voyage: Southport - Makinda Creek, 1st Observer: John Russell (Captain), 2nd Observer: Littleton Hill (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 10G 268BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date/time start | Date/time start | ||||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Comment | Comment | Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc. | |||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 17 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 18 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 19 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 20 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 21 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 22 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 23 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 24 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
641 data points
Data
| 1 Date/time start | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Comment (Any remark, found in the logb...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 15 Precip descr | 16 Clearness | 17 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 18 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 19 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 20 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 21 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 22 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 23 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 24 Comment | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1750-12-26T17:00 | 32.43 | -76.98 | 46 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | N31W | 30 | S31:05E | 91.00 | 1 | NW, N, NE | FIRST AND MIDDLE MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST AND MIDDLE FAIR, LATTER CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232525 | |||
| 1750-12-27T17:00 | 32.72 | -74.98 | 32 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | N64:03W | 56 | N86:09E | 105.00 | -2 | NE, NEBN | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | FIRST AND LATTER CLEAR, MIDDLE FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232526 | |||
| 1750-12-28T17:00 | 32.43 | -73.50 | 35 | 22.6 | CAPE FEAR | N70:17W | 81 | S83:25E | 80.00 | 1 | NE, NEBN | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER STRONG GALES | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232527 | |||
| 1750-12-29T17:00 | 32.15 | -72.23 | 34 | 22.6 | CAPE FEAR | N69:06W | 105 | S66:30E | 71.00 | 0 | NE, NEBN | STRONG GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232528 | |||
| 1750-12-30T17:00 | 31.77 | -71.75 | 68 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | N67:05W | 116 | S47:33E | 34.00 | 0 | NEBN, ENE | FIRST PART STRONG GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232529 | |||
| 1750-12-31T17:00 | 32.75 | -70.65 | 132 | 15.4 | CAPE FEAR | N78:23W | 128 | N43:10E | 81.00 | -3 | E, ESE, SE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER GALES | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232530 | |||
| 1751-01-01T17:00 | 33.37 | -70.08 | 256 | 22.6 | CAPE FEAR | N85:34W | 136 | N33:09E | 54.00 | -3 | SEBE, EBS, WBS | STRONG GALES AT 2 PM | RAIN AT 2 PM | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232531 | |||
| 1751-01-02T16:00 | 34.13 | -66.45 | 255 | 22.6 | CAPE FEAR | S88:48W | 196 | N77:11E | 187.00 | BAILED WATER OFF DECKS | -4 | WSW, WBS | STRONG GALES AT 7PM | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232532 | ||
| 1751-01-03T16:00 | 34.95 | -62.51 | 255 | 22.6 | CAPE FEAR | S85:25W | 260 | N75:50E | 203.00 | BAILED WATER OFF DECKS - THREW WATER CASKS OVERBOARD TO LIGHTEN THE SHIP BY THE HEAD | -4 | WSW, WBS | STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232533 | |||
| 1751-01-04T16:00 | 35.65 | -58.36 | 288 | 22.6 | CAPE FEAR | S83:35W | 328 | N78:53E | 206.00 | -5 | WSW, WNW | STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232534 | ||||
| 1751-01-05T16:00 | 35.82 | -54.41 | 287 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S83:17W | 386 | S86:53E | 173.00 | -6 | WSW, NW, WNW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232535 | ||||
| 1751-01-06T15:00 | 35.72 | -51.66 | 16 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S85:07W | 432 | S85:30E | 135.00 | -7 | NBE, NNE | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232536 | |||
| 1751-01-07T15:00 | 35.60 | -50.65 | 38 | 2.6 | CAPE FEAR | S85:33W | 449 | S82:02E | 51.00 | -7 | NNE, NE | FIRST AND MIDDLE MODERATE, LATTER LITTLE WIND INTERMIXED WITH CALMS | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232537 | |||
| 1751-01-08T15:00 | 35.77 | -48.25 | 308 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S86:03W | 494 | N84:00 | 137.00 | -7 | WSW, SW, NW | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALES | RAIN AT 1PM | FIRST AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232538 | ||
| 1751-01-09T15:00 | 35.92 | -44.66 | 241 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S85:43W | 544 | N87:25E | 156.00 | -7 | WNW, WSW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 232539 | ||
| 1751-01-10T15:00 | 35.92 | -41.45 | 285 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S85:40W | 615 | E | 205.00 | -8 | WNW | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232540 | |||
| 1751-01-11T14:00 | 36.22 | -37.24 | 284 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S86:45W | 685 | N85:30E | 212.00 | -9 | WNW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY AT 6:30PM | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232541 | |||
| 1751-01-12T14:00 | 35.65 | -32.95 | 284 | 22.6 | CAPE FEAR | S86:45W | 760 | S83:20E | 230.00 | -9 | WNW | STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232542 | ||||
| 1751-01-13T14:00 | 35.13 | -28.76 | 283 | 22.6 | CAPE FEAR | S87:45W | 830 | S84:20E | 210.00 | -10 | WNW | STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232543 | ||||
| 1751-01-14T14:00 | 35.53 | -25.72 | 282 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S86:44W | 882 | N81:44E | 164.00 | -11 | WNW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232544 | ||||
| 1751-01-15T14:00 | 36.65 | -23.58 | 270 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S86:40W | 924 | N59:30E | 135.00 | -11 | NW, WBS, WBN | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232545 | ||||
| 1751-01-16T13:00 | 37.13 | -20.04 | 247 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S88:22W | 984 | N88:35E | 186.00 | -12 | WBS | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232546 | |||
| 1751-01-17T13:00 | 36.30 | -16.08 | 211 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S86:43W | 1049 | S84:20E | 206.00 | -14 | SW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232547 | |||
| 1751-01-18T13:00 | 38.15 | -13.49 | 210 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S35:45W | 1096 | N59:20E | 154.00 | -15 | SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232548 | |||
| 1751-01-19T13:00 | 37.08 | -11.71 | 233 | 19.0 | CAPE FEAR | S86:52W | 1124 | S56:15E | 116.00 | -15 | SSW, SW, WSW | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | MIDDLE PART RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232549 | ||
| 1751-01-20T13:00 | 36.98 | -9.46 | 19 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S86:56W | 1166 | S86:30E | 129.00 | -15 | WNW, N, NEBN | FIRST AND MIDDLE FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232550 | |||
| 1751-01-21T12:00 | 36.87 | -7.40 | 29 | 6.7 | CAPE FEAR | S86:56W | 1207 | S87:50E | 122.00 | -16 | NNE, N, NE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232551 | |||
| 1751-01-22T00:00 | 90 | 19.0 | CAPE ST MARYS | ESE (CAPE ST VI | 7 | EBN, ESE, E | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232552 | ||||||||
| 1751-01-23T00:00 | 236 | 6.7 | CAPE SPARTEL | EBN | 13 | ENE, NE, SWBW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232553 | ||||||||
| 1751-01-24T00:00 | 293 | 6.7 | CAPE SPARTEL | E1/2N | 7 | NEBE, NNE, WNW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232554 | ||||||||
| 1751-01-25T00:00 | 23 | 6.7 | CAPE TRAFALGAR | ESE1/2E | 4 | NNW, WBS, NNE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232555 | ||||||||
| 1751-01-26T00:00 | 45 | 2.6 | CAPE TRAFALGAR | E1/2S | 13 | NW, NBW, NE | LITTLE WINDS | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232556 | ||||||||
| 1751-01-27T00:00 | 338 | 2.6 | CADIZ | EBS | 4 | NNW | LITTLE WINDS | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 232557 |