García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during SALTASH cruise from Placentia Harbour to Lisbon started at 1751-09-18 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747048, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 41.669048 * Median Longitude: -32.783333 * South-bound Latitude: 38.670000 * West-bound Longitude: -59.800000 * North-bound Latitude: 45.200000 * East-bound Longitude: -12.700000
Event(s):
Saltash_17510918_NMM_ADM/L/S39 * Latitude Start: 43.570000 * Longitude Start: -59.800000 * Latitude End: 38.530000 * Longitude End: -9.740000 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Saltash, Start of voyage: 1751-09-29, End of voyage: 1751-10-19, Voyage: Placentia Harbour - Lisbon, 1st Observer: John Knight (Captain), 2nd Observer: Lt James Worth (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: SLOOP 14G 268BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date/time start | Date/time start | ||||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Comment | Comment | Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc. | |||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 26 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
422 data points
Data
| 1 Date/time start | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Comment (Any remark, found in the logb...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 Comment | 26 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1751-09-29T16:00 | 43.57 | -59.80 | 300 | 6.7 | CAPE ST MARYS | N32W | 36 | S52E | 108.00 | -15 | NW | FIRST AND LATTER PART MODERATE, MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218404 | ||||
| 1751-09-30T16:00 | 44.60 | -57.63 | 210 | 19.0 | CAPE ST MARYS | N64:51W | 66 | EBS | 94.00 | -15 | NW, SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LITTLE WIND LATTER FRESH GALES | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 218405 | |||
| 1751-10-01T16:00 | 45.20 | -53.58 | 210 | 19.0 | CAPE ST MARYS | N73:33W | 120 | S82E | 104.00 | -15 | NW, SW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218406 | |||||
| 1751-10-02T15:00 | 44.85 | -50.47 | 278 | 6.7 | CAPE ST MARYS | N74:49W | 164 | S81E | 136.00 | -15 | SWBW, WNW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218407 | |||||
| 1751-10-03T15:00 | 44.50 | -47.68 | 311 | 6.7 | CAPE ST MARYS | N75:49W | 204 | S80E | 118.00 | -15 | SWBS, NWBN | MODERATE | SMALL RAIN | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218408 | |||
| 1751-10-04T15:00 | 43.63 | -43.47 | 300 | 19.0 | CAPE ST MARYS | N75:24W | 267 | S74E | 190.00 | -15 | NW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | LOFTY SEAS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218409 | ||||
| 1751-10-05T15:00 | 43.25 | -40.97 | 255 | 6.7 | CAPE ST MARYS | N75:43W | 304 | S78E | 112.00 | -15 | WNW, W | FIRST PART FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218410 | ||||
| 1751-10-06T15:00 | 42.92 | -38.67 | 176 | 19.0 | CAPE ST MARYS | N76:00W | 338 | EBS | 102.00 | -15 | WBS, SBW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES | LARGE NORTHERN SWELL | FIRST AND MIDDLE FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218411 | |||
| 1751-10-07T14:00 | 43.03 | -34.97 | 278 | 19.0 | CAPE ST MARYS | N78:13W | 388 | E1/4N | 165.00 | AT 2AM A VIOLENT SQUALL - THE BOLT ROPE OF THE MAIN SAIL BROKE NEAR THE WEATHER CLUE AND THE SAIL THEN SPLIT AND FLEW ALL TO PIECES | -15 | SSW, WNW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218412 | |||
| 1751-10-08T14:00 | 42.60 | -32.17 | 266 | 6.7 | CAPE ST MARYS | N78:11W | 430 | S78E | 125.00 | -15 | WBN | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218413 | ||||
| 1751-10-09T14:00 | 42.08 | -28.88 | 269 | CAPE ST MARYS | N78:11W | 482 | S78E | 154.00 | -12 | WBN | FIRST AND MIDDLE PART MODERATE | FIRST AND MIDDLE FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218414 | |||||
| 1751-10-10T14:00 | 41.38 | -26.75 | 246 | 2.6 | CAPE ST MARYS | N77:25W | 576 | S66E | 103.00 | -13 | WBS | LITTLE WINDS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218415 | ||||
| 1751-10-11T14:00 | 40.85 | -24.95 | 190 | 2.6 | CAPE ST MARYS | N76:58W | 545 | S68E | 87.00 | -13 | W, SW, SSW | LITTLE WINDS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218416 | ||||
| 1751-10-12T13:00 | 40.03 | -22.30 | 31 | 19.0 | CAPE ST MARYS | N76:21W | 590 | S68E | 130.00 | -14 | SW, WNW, NE | FIRST PART LITTLE WINDS, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES | MIDDLE AND LATTER DRIZZLING RAIN | FIRST PART FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218417 | |||
| 1751-10-13T13:00 | 39.23 | -20.63 | 65 | CAPE ST MARYS | N75:32W | 621 | S58E | 90.00 | -14 | NE, EBN | VARIABLE | DRIZZLING RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218418 | |||||
| 1751-10-14T13:00 | 38.80 | -19.98 | 54 | 6.7 | CAPE ST MARYS | N75:02W | 635 | S49E | 40.00 | -14 | NEBE, E, ENE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218419 | ||||
| 1751-10-15T13:00 | 38.67 | -19.80 | 87 | 2.6 | CAPE ST MARYS | N74:53W | 639 | SE | 11.00 | -14 | EBN, EBS | LITTLE WINDS | FREQUENT SHOWERS OF SMALL RAIN | CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218420 | |||
| 1751-10-16T13:00 | 38.93 | -19.67 | 155 | 1.0 | CAPE ST MARYS | N75:21W | 638 | N21E | 17.00 | -14 | SEBE, SBE | FIRST AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS AND MIDDLE CALM | FIRST AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218421 | ||||
| 1751-10-17T13:00 | 38.93 | -17.78 | 200 | 6.7 | CAPE ST MARYS | N76:02W | 666 | E | 88.00 | -14 | S, SWBS | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218422 | ||||
| 1751-10-18T13:00 | 39.05 | -15.60 | 210 | 6.7 | CAPE ST MARYS | N76:46W | 695 | E1/4N | 102.00 | -15 | SWBW, W, SW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218423 | ||||
| 1751-10-19T13:00 | 38.95 | -12.70 | 210 | 6.7 | CAPE ST MARYS | N77:22W | 736 | E1/4S | 135.00 | -15 | SW | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218424 |