García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Royal George cruise from Fort St David to St. Helena started at 1750-01-01 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747042, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -29.548750 * Median Longitude: 13.563750 * South-bound Latitude: -36.800000 * West-bound Longitude: 3.590000 * North-bound Latitude: -19.700000 * East-bound Longitude: 21.900000
Event(s):
Royal_George_17500101_BL_L/MAR/B/17D * Latitude Start: 11.080000 * Longitude Start: 80.160000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Royal George, Start of voyage: 1750-01-12, End of voyage: 1750-01-27, Voyage: Fort St David - St Helena, 1st Observer: Thomas Field (Author), Company: EIC
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date/time start | Date/time start | ||||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 8 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 9 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 10 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 11 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 12 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
294 data points
Data
| 1 Date/time start | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] | 5 ff [m/s] | 6 Landmark | 7 Course | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] | 9 Decl [deg] | 10 Wind dir descr | 11 Cur dir descr | 12 V descr | 13 Wind force descr | 14 ww | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts | 19 Rain | 20 Fog | 21 Snow | 22 Thunder | 23 Hail | 24 Sea ice | 25 ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1750-01-12T11:00 | -36.50 | 21.90 | 251 | 2.6 | FORT ST DAVID | WNW-NBE | 37.00 | -19 | SSE, S, W | LIGHT WINDS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217225 | |||||
| 1750-01-13T11:00 | -36.80 | 21.70 | 262 | FORT ST DAVID | N-W | 37.00 | -19 | WNW, NW, NWBN, WBN | SWBS | 0.5 | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS, LATTER FRESH GALES, AT 9AM SQUALLY | LIGHTNING NE TO SE | FIRST PART FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 217226 | |||
| 1750-01-14T11:00 | -35.72 | 21.45 | 251 | 2.6 | FORT ST DAVID | NBW-NBE | 73.00 | -19 | WBN, W, NWBW, W | LIGHT WINDS, 3PM SQUALLY | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217227 | |||||
| 1750-01-15T11:00 | -35.15 | 20.45 | 184 | 19.8 | FORT ST DAVID | NW-WNW | 90.00 | -19 | WSW, SW, SWBS, SSW | FIRST PART LIGHT GALES, LATTER A VERY FRESH GALE | FIRST PART FAIR, LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217228 | |||||
| 1750-01-16T11:00 | -34.98 | 18.97 | 240 | CAPE FALSO | N-SSW | 78.00 | -19 | SEBE, NNE, NWBN, WBS | FRESH GALES - AT 9 AM SQUALLY | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217229 | ||||||
| 1750-01-17T11:00 | -34.28 | 17.44 | 141 | 19.0 | CAPE FALSO | S-WBN | 87.00 | -17 | WSW, SWBW, SE, SSE | FRESH GALES FOR THE MOST PART | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217230 | |||||
| 1750-01-18T11:00 | -33.12 | 16.40 | 152 | 19.0 | CAPE FALSO | NNW-NWBN | 168.00 | -17 | SSE, SBE | FRESH GALES | FIRST PART FAIR, LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217231 | |||||
| 1750-01-19T11:00 | -31.12 | 14.60 | 186 | 19.0 | CAPE FALSO | NNW | 170.00 | -17 | S, SSW | FRESH GALES | DRIZZLING RAIN AT 3AM | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217232 | ||||
| 1750-01-20T11:00 | -29.17 | 13.00 | 141 | 19.0 | CAPE FALSO | NNW | 162.00 | -17 | SSW, S, SSE | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY AND HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217233 | |||||
| 1750-01-21T11:00 | -27.62 | 11.27 | 165 | 19.0 | CAPE FALSO | NNW-NWBN | 148.00 | -15 | SSE, S | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY AT 1PM THEN FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217234 | |||||
| 1750-01-22T11:00 | -25.95 | 9.34 | 153 | 9.3 | CAPE FALSO | NNW | 146.00 | -16 | S, SBE | PLEASANT GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217235 | |||||
| 1750-01-23T11:00 | -24.85 | 8.45 | 130 | 4.6 | CAPE FALSO | NNW-NWBN | 119.00 | -16 | SBE, SSE, SEBS | EASY GALES | SMOOTH WATER | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217236 | ||||
| 1750-01-24T11:00 | -23.85 | 7.77 | 130 | 2.6 | CAPE FALSO | NWBN | 103.00 | -16 | SSE, SEBS | LIGHT WINDS | WARM AND PLEASANT | OVERCAST | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217237 | ||||
| 1750-01-25T12:00 | -22.75 | 5.94 | 110 | 9.3 | CAPE FALSO | NWBN-NNW | 108.00 | -14 | SEBE | PLEASANT GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217238 | |||||
| 1750-01-26T12:00 | -21.22 | 4.75 | 144 | 9.3 | CAPE FALSO | NNW | 125.00 | -14 | SSE | PLEASANT GALES | WEATHER HAS CONTINUED TO BE OVERCAST EVER SINCE WE TOOK OUR DEPARTURE FROM THE CAPE, & WERE IT NOT FOR HADLEYS QUADRANT SHOULD SCARCELY HAVE GOTTEN A | CLOUDY AND OVERCAST | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217239 | ||||
| 1750-01-27T12:00 | -19.70 | 3.59 | 144 | 15.4 | CAPE FALSO | NNW | 123.00 | -14 | SSE | S | MODERATE GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 217240 |