García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during PHILADELPHIA cruise from Bocht van Guinee to Prinsies started at 1751-03-26 [dataset]. Rijksarchief Zeeland, Middelburg, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747021, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 3.437727 * Median Longitude: 3.935455 * South-bound Latitude: 1.370000 * West-bound Longitude: 1.100000 * North-bound Latitude: 5.750000 * East-bound Longitude: 7.500000
Event(s):
Philadelphia_17510326_MCC_20_891 * Latitude Start: 5.750000 * Longitude Start: 2.900000 * Latitude End: -1.430000 * Longitude End: 4.830000 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Philadelphia, Start of voyage: 1751-03-26, End of voyage: 1751-04-17, Voyage: Bocht Van Guinee - Prinsies, 1st Observer: Cornelis Maarschalk, Company: MCC
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date/time start | Date/time start | ||||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Image number/name | Image no/name | Identification Number of the original image | |||
| 7 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 8 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 9 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 10 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 11 | Watch | Watch | Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships | |||
| 12 | Glasses | Glasses | Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses | |||
| 13 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 14 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 15 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 16 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 17 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 18 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 19 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 20 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 21 | Cloud type | Cloud type | ||||
| 22 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 23 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 24 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 25 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 26 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 27 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 28 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 29 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
461 data points
Data
| 1 Date/time start | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Image no/name (Identification Number of the ...) | 7 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 8 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 9 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 10 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 11 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...) | 12 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...) | 13 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 14 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 15 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 16 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 17 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 18 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 19 ww (Weather description) | 20 Precip descr | 21 Cloud type | 22 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 23 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 24 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 25 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 26 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 27 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 28 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 29 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1751-03-26T12:00 | 5.75 | 2.90 | 208 | 2.6 | MCC_20_891_0033 | VM | 8 | ZO | 13.00 | ONDER ZEIL OM DOOR TE STEKEN. | -17 | ZWTZ-ZW | SLAPPE KOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187722 | ||||||
| 1751-03-27T12:00 | 5.45 | 2.87 | 174 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0033 | VM | 8 | Z | 3.50 | -17 | ZTW | GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187723 | |||||||
| 1751-03-28T12:00 | 5.42 | 2.30 | 120 | 2.6 | MCC_20_891_0033 | VM | 8 | W | 8.50 | -15 | ZTO-ZO | SLAPPE KOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187724 | |||||||
| 1751-03-29T12:00 | 5.37 | 1.30 | 188 | 2.6 | MCC_20_891_0033 | VM | 8 | W | 12.50 | -15 | ZZW | SLAPPE KOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187725 | |||||||
| 1751-03-30T12:00 | 5.70 | 1.10 | 199 | MCC_20_891_0033 | GITA | NWTN | 3 | 1 | VM | 8 | ZOTO | 2.00 | BESTEK NA PEILING. | -15 | ZWTZ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187726 | |||||
| 1751-03-31T12:00 | 5.28 | 1.65 | 188 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0034 | VM | 8 | ZOTO | 12.50 | -15 | ZWTZ-ZZW | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187727 | |||||||
| 1751-04-01T12:00 | 4.70 | 2.19 | 199 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0034 | VM | 8 | ZO | 12.00 | -15 | ZW-ZWTZ | BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN SLAPPE KOELTE | OOK GOED WEER | TRAVATIG WEER MET REGEN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187728 | ||||||
| 1751-04-02T12:00 | 4.52 | 2.74 | 186 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0034 | VM | 8 | ZOTZ | 7.00 | -17 | ZZW | BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN GEMENE KOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187729 | |||||||
| 1751-04-03T12:00 | 4.23 | 3.29 | 197 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0034 | VM | 8 | ZO | 13.00 | -17 | ZWTZ | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187730 | |||||||
| 1751-04-04T12:00 | 3.68 | 3.83 | 197 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0034 | VM | 8 | ZOTO | 14.00 | -17 | ZW-ZWTZ | BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN GEMENE KOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187731 | |||||||
| 1751-04-05T12:00 | 3.28 | 4.45 | 186 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0034 | VM | 8 | ZOTO | 11.00 | -17 | ZWTZ-ZZW | BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187732 | |||||||
| 1751-04-06T12:00 | 3.15 | 4.45 | 186 | 2.6 | MCC_20_891_0034 | VM | 8 | Z | 2.00 | -17 | Z-ZZW | SLAPPE KOELTE EN GEMENE KOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187733 | |||||||
| 1751-04-07T12:00 | 2.70 | 4.48 | 163 | 2.6 | MCC_20_891_0034 | VM | 8 | ZTW 1/2 W | 7.50 | -17 | ZZO-Z | GEMENE KOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187734 | |||||||
| 1751-04-08T12:00 | 2.10 | 4.44 | 52 | 12.3 | MCC_20_891_0035 | VM | 8 | ZO 1/2 Z | 12.00 | -16 | O-ONO | STIJVE KOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187735 | |||||||
| 1751-04-09T12:00 | 1.83 | 4.40 | 175 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0035 | VM | 8 | ZWTW | 10.00 | -16 | ZTW | BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN GEMENE KOELTE | OOK GOED WEER | TRAVATIGE LUCHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187736 | ||||||
| 1751-04-10T12:00 | 1.37 | 4.73 | 198 | 9.3 | MCC_20_891_0035 | VM | 8 | ZO | 7.00 | -16 | ZWTZ | STIJVE MARSZEILSKOELTE | GOED WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187737 | |||||||
| 1751-04-11T12:00 | 1.87 | 4.90 | 175 | 4.0 | MCC_20_891_0035 | VM | 8 | OZO | 5.50 | -16 | Z-ZTW | SLAPPE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187738 | |||||||
| 1751-04-12T12:00 | 1.90 | 5.40 | 198 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0035 | VM | 8 | O | 7.50 | -16 | ZZW-ZWTZ | SLAPPE BRAMZEILSKOELTE TOT GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187739 | |||||||
| 1751-04-13T12:00 | 1.60 | 5.08 | 29 | 4.6 | MCC_20_891_0035 | VM | 8 | ZO | 6.50 | -16 | VANAF 5DE GLAS NO | VANAF 5DE GLAS GEMENE BRAMZEILSKOELTE | EEN ZWARE TRAVAAT MET BLIKSEM, DONDERSLAGEN | REGEN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 187740 | ||||||
| 1751-04-14T12:00 | 2.18 | 5.89 | 175 | 2.6 | MCC_20_891_0035 | VM | 8 | WZW | 6.00 | -16 | Z-ZTW | SLAPPE KOELTE EN GEMENE KOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187741 | |||||||
| 1751-04-15T12:00 | 1.80 | 6.69 | 29 | 1.0 | MCC_20_891_0036 | VM | 8 | ZO | 8.00 | -16 | ONO-NO | FRISSE KOELTE | TRAVATIG WEER MET REGEN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187742 | |||||||
| 1751-04-16T11:00 | 1.75 | 7.50 | 197 | 2.6 | MCC_20_891_0036 | PRINSIES | ZTW 1/2 W | 2 | 1 | VM | 8 | -17 | ZW-ZWTZ | GEMENE KOELTE EN FRISSE KOELTE | MOOI WEER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187743 | |||||
| 1751-04-17T00:00 | MCC_20_891_0036 | 1 | VM | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 187744 |