García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ILCHESTER cruise from Morandava to Gombroon started at 1750-07-29 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.746946, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -1.067879 * Median Longitude: 49.615758 * South-bound Latitude: -20.100000 * West-bound Longitude: 42.560000 * North-bound Latitude: 25.170000 * East-bound Longitude: 61.860000
Event(s):
Ilchester_17500729_BL_L/MAR/B/601B * Latitude Start: -20.100000 * Longitude: 43.960000 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Ilchester, Start of voyage: 1750-08-09, End of voyage: 1750-09-11, Voyage: Morandava (Madagascar) - Gombroon, 1st Observer: John Tedd (Author), Company: EIC, Other ship information: 498BM. 1745-1756
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date/time start | Date/time start | ||||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 14 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 15 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 16 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 17 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 18 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 19 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 20 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 21 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 22 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 23 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 24 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 25 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 26 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 27 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 28 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
649 data points
Data
| 1 Date/time start | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 14 V descr | 15 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 16 ww (Weather description) | 17 Precip descr | 18 State sea descr | 19 Clearness | 20 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 21 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 22 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 23 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 24 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 25 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 26 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 27 Comment | 28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1750-08-09T09:00 | -20.10 | 43.96 | 114 | 2.6 | MADAGASCAR | W27N | 21.00 | -21 | NW, W, SW, SSW, SE | LIGHT BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114364 | ||||||||
| 1750-08-10T09:00 | -19.27 | 43.20 | 170 | 1.0 | MADAGASCAR | N43W | 67.00 | -21 | E, NW, WBS, SBW | LIGHT GALES - LAND AND SEA BREEZES - LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114365 | ||||||||
| 1750-08-11T09:00 | -18.15 | 42.73 | 92 | 15.4 | MADAGASCAR | N23W | 88.00 | -21 | SBE, W, WBS, SSE, ESE | 9NM S OF ACCT | MODERATE GALES | FAIR | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114366 | ||||||
| 1750-08-12T09:00 | -17.48 | 42.93 | 160 | 15.4 | MORANDAVA | NBE1/2E | 57.00 | -20 | SSW, SWBW, SSE, S | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE GALES | FIRST AND LATTER FAIR, MIDDLE A GREAT DEAL OF THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 114367 | |||||||
| 1750-08-13T09:00 | -17.20 | 42.85 | 205 | 4.6 | MORANDAVA | N17W | 40.00 | -20 | E, ENE, W, SW | S | 26 | LIGHT GALES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114368 | ||||||
| 1750-08-14T09:00 | -16.97 | 43.56 | 93 | 1.0 | CHRISTOVA | W31N | 34.00 | -20 | SSW, W, WBN, SEBS, ESE | LIGHT AIRS | FAIR, LIGHTNING AT MIDNIGHT | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 114369 | |||||||
| 1750-08-15T09:00 | -16.25 | 43.56 | 160 | 1.0 | CHRISTOVA | N | 35.00 | -20 | E, SW, SWBS, S | LIGHT AIRS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114370 | ||||||||
| 1750-08-16T09:00 | -15.58 | 43.58 | 183 | 2.6 | CHRISTOVA | N2E | 41.00 | -20 | S, SSE, ESE, SSW | LIGHT BREEZES | FAIR, LIGHTNING TO E AT 6PM & TO W AT 5AM | CONFUSED SWELL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 114371 | |||||||
| 1750-08-17T09:00 | -13.88 | 44.16 | 171 | 15.4 | CHRISTOVA | N19E | 87.00 | -20 | SSW, SE, SSW, SBW | N | 22 | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE GALES, MIDDLE PART LIGHT AIRS | THUNDER AT 2PM | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 114372 | |||||
| 1750-08-18T09:00 | -13.12 | 44.38 | 126 | 2.6 | CHRISTOVA | N16E | 24.00 | -20 | SEBE, ESE, SEBS | LIGHT BREEZES THE FIRST AND LATTER PARTS, MIDDLE CALM | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114373 | ||||||||
| 1750-08-19T09:00 | -12.45 | 42.56 | 128 | 1.0 | COMARO | NNE1/2E | 25 | NEBE TO NWBW | 28.00 | -18 | SSW, ESE, E, SEBS | N | 19 | LIGHT AIRS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114374 | ||||
| 1750-08-20T09:00 | -11.55 | 42.66 | 38 | 2.6 | COMARO | ESE1/2E | 23 | N12W | 66.00 | -18 | SEBS, SE, ESE, NEBE | LIGHT BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114375 | ||||||
| 1750-08-21T09:00 | -10.93 | 42.74 | 83 | 4.6 | COMERO | N8E | 42.00 | -18 | NEBE, SWBS, EBS, E, EBS | LIGHT GALES INTERMIXED WITH CALMS | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114376 | ||||||||
| 1750-08-22T09:00 | -10.18 | 42.91 | 95 | COMERO | N12E | 43.00 | -18 | EBS, SE, EBS, ESE | LIGHT BREEZES - SQUALLY AT 10PM | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114377 | |||||||||
| 1750-08-23T09:00 | -8.52 | 43.29 | 128 | 4.6 | COMERO | N13E | 87.00 | -18 | EBS, ESE, SEBE, SE, SEBS | N | 16 | LIGHT GALES THE FIRST AND LATTER PARTS | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FAIR | SMOOTH WATER | MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114378 | ||||
| 1750-08-24T09:00 | -7.23 | 43.64 | 119 | COMERO | N15E | 80.00 | -16 | SBE, SEBS, S, SE | FIRST PART LIGHT GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER SQUALLY | FIRST PART FAIR | MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114379 | ||||||||
| 1750-08-25T09:00 | -4.80 | 44.21 | 175 | 15.4 | COMERO | N13E | 132.00 | -16 | SBE, SSW, S, SBW | MODERATE GALES THE FIRST PART SQUALLY | LARGE SWELL FROM SW | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114380 | |||||||
| 1750-08-26T09:00 | -2.60 | 44.93 | 164 | 15.4 | COMERO | N18E | 135.00 | -16 | SSW, SBE, SSE, SBE, S | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE GALES, MIDDLE SQUALLY | MIDDLE RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114381 | ||||||||
| 1750-08-27T09:00 | -0.80 | 46.79 | 199 | 15.4 | COMERO | N46E | 142.00 | -15 | SBW, SSW, SBW, SWBS | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE GALES, MIDLDE FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | FIRST AND LATTER FAIR | LARGE SWELL FROM S | MIDDLE HAZY AND CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114382 | ||||||
| 1750-08-28T09:00 | 1.23 | 48.89 | 201 | 19.0 | COMERO | N46E | 156.00 | -13 | SSW, SBW, SWBS | FRESH GALES INTERMIXED WITH SQUALLS | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114383 | ||||||||
| 1750-08-29T09:00 | 3.63 | 50.73 | 224 | 15.4 | COMERO | N37E | 134.00 | -12 | SW, WSW, SWBW | MODERATE GALES | FAIR | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114384 | |||||||
| 1750-08-30T08:00 | 5.70 | 53.54 | 227 | 19.0 | COMERO | N54E | 186.00 | -9 | SW, SWBS, SSW, SWBW | FRESH GALES | PLEASANT WEATHER | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114385 | |||||||
| 1750-08-31T08:00 | 7.60 | 56.03 | 227 | 19.0 | COMERO | N52E | 178.00 | -9 | SW, WSW, SWBW | N | 17 | FRESH GALES | FAIR | SHORT SEA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114386 | |||||
| 1750-09-01T08:00 | 9.32 | 58.29 | 218 | 19.0 | COMERO | N53E | 172.00 | -7 | SW, SWBW, SW | FRESH GALES | LARGE CONFUSED SEA | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114387 | |||||||
| 1750-09-02T08:00 | 10.35 | 59.04 | 196 | 4.6 | COMERO | N36E | 129.00 | -7 | SW, SSW | FRESH GALES THE FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS, LATTER LIGHT GALES | FAIR | LARGE SWELL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114388 | |||||||
| 1750-09-03T08:00 | 13.42 | 59.78 | 219 | 19.0 | COMERO | N14E | 165.00 | -6 | SW, SWBW, SW | FRESH GALES - SQUALLY AT 3AM | LARGE SEA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114389 | ||||||||
| 1750-09-04T08:00 | 16.20 | 60.64 | 219 | 19.0 | COMERO | N17E | 174.00 | -6 | SW | FRESH GALES | FIRST PART FAIR | MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114390 | |||||||
| 1750-09-05T08:00 | 19.57 | 60.78 | 242 | 19.0 | COMERO | N2E | 202.00 | -6 | SWBW, WSW | FRESH GALES INTERMIXED WITH SQUALLS | LARGE SEA FORM SW | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114391 | |||||||
| 1750-09-06T08:00 | 20.45 | 60.84 | 253 | 15.4 | COMERO | E6N | 104.00 | -6 | WSW, SWBS, SEBE, WBS | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE GALES | THICK FOG | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 114392 | |||||||
| 1750-09-07T08:00 | 22.10 | 61.86 | 230 | 19.0 | COMERO | N32E | 120.00 | -6 | SWBW, SW, WSW, SWBW | FRESH GALES | THICK HAZY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 114393 | |||||||
| 1750-09-08T08:00 | 23.00 | 60.64 | 152 | 15.4 | CAPE RUSSELGATE | SW1/2S | 95 | 69.00 | -6 | SWBW, SWBS, SSW, SSE | MODERATE GALES | THICK HAZY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 114394 | ||||||
| 1750-09-09T08:00 | 24.08 | 59.51 | 107 | 2.6 | CAPE RUSSELGATE | NW3/4W | 73.00 | -6 | ESE, SE, ENE, EBS, ESE | LIGHT BREEZES | FAIR, VERY HOT | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114395 | |||||||
| 1750-09-10T08:00 | 25.17 | 58.11 | 118 | 2.6 | CAPE RUSSELGATE | NWBN | 59.00 | -6 | EBS, SSE, E, ENE, SEBE | LIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLE | FAIR, HOT SULTRY WEATHER | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114396 | |||||||
| 1750-09-11T00:00 | 25.75 | 124 | 6.7 | ARABIAN SHORE | SW TO NW | 7 | 58.00 | SE, SSE, SWBW, E, SEBE | MODERATE BREEZES AND VARIABLE | FAIR, VERY HOT SULTRY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 114397 |