Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 44.463659 * Median Longitude: -34.772195 * South-bound Latitude: 38.500000 * West-bound Longitude: -73.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.180000 * East-bound Longitude: -6.870000

Event(s):

Arundel_17530826_NMM_ADM/L/A193 * Latitude Start: 50.680000 * Longitude Start: -0.960000 * Latitude End: 40.670000 * Longitude End: -74.040000 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Arundel (6th Rate Frigate), Start of voyage: 1753-08-26, End of voyage: 1753-10-05, Voyage: Spithead - New York, 1st Observer: John Lloyd (Captain), 2nd Observer: Richard King (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 24G. 508BM

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	Date/time start	Date/time start
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
7	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
8	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
9	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
10	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
12	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
15	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
16	Present weather	ww		Weather description
17	Precipitation description	Precip descr
18	State of the sea description	State sea descr
19	Clearness	Clearness
20	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
21	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
22	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
23	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
24	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
26	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

826 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/time start	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	9 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	11 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...)	12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	14 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...)	15 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	16 ww (Weather description)	17 Precip descr	18 State sea descr	19 Clearness	20 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	21 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	22 Fog (1 If fog was reported)	24 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...)	27 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1753-08-26T12:00	50.00	-6.87	207		LIZARD	E	33	W	99.00		-18	ESE, S, SWBS, SW		THE FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY		LATTER RAIN		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY	0	1	0	0	17969
1753-08-27T13:00	49.80	-8.08	331	2.6	LIZARD	N83:48E	50	S76W	53.00		-18	SW, WBS, NNW, NBW		FIRST PART FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATER LITTLE WIND.		FIRST PART RAIN	AT 7AM A LARGE SWELL TO THE SW	MIDDLE HAZY, LATTER FAIR	0	1	0	0	17970
1753-08-28T13:00	49.53	-7.79	196	2.6	LIZARD	N85:55E	48	S29E	19.00		-18	W, NWBW, WBN, WSW, SWBS		LITTLE WIND			LARGE SWELL FROM THE NW	FAIR	0	0	0	0	17971
1753-08-29T13:00	50.18	-9.03	342	6.7	LIZARD	S85:55E	65	N52W	64.00		-18	WSW, SW, NNW, N		FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER PART MODERATE		MIDDLE RAIN		FIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR	0	1	0	0	17972
1753-08-30T13:00	48.53	-8.97	275	19.0	LIZARD	N60:33E	73	S	99.00		-18	NBW, NWBW, WNW, NW, WNW		FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY				FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17973
1753-08-31T13:00	47.37	-9.25	276	19.0	LIZARD	N47:4E	93	S11W	72.00		-17	WBN, W, WBN, WNW		FRESH GALES				CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17974
1753-09-01T13:00	46.85	-9.41	253	2.6	LIZARD	N44:33E	103	SBW1/2W	33.00		-17	WNW, NW, WBS, W		FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT BREEZES				FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17975
1753-09-02T13:00	46.92	-9.87	186	1.0	LIZARD	N47:3E	110	N81W	27.00		-17	WBS, WSW, SWBW, SSW		FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS				FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17976
1753-09-03T13:00	46.38	-11.54	354	15.4	LIZARD	N51:14E	147	S70W	94.00		-17	SWBS, SW, SWBW, NBE		FIRST PART LITTLE WIN, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE GALES				FIRST PATY CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY	0	0	0	0	17977
1753-09-04T13:00	45.33	-14.32	343	6.7	LIZARD	N54:9E	183	SWBW1/2W	133.00		-17	NNE, N		MODERATE				CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17978
1753-09-05T13:00	44.67	-16.51	28	15.4	LIZARD	N56:24E	247	WSW	104.00		-17	NNE, NE		MODERATE GALES			AM A SWELL FROM THE NW	FAIR	0	0	0	0	17979
1753-09-06T13:00	44.83	-17.64	97	1.0	LIZARD	N59:36E	237	WBN	50.00		-16	ESE		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LITTLE WIND, LATTER SMALL AIRS			SWELL FROM NW	FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17980
1753-09-07T13:00	44.93	-18.26	130		LIZARD	N61:19E	244	WBN	30.00		-16	CALM, NE, SEBE, CALM, SEBS		FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE PART LIGHT AIRS				FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17981
1753-09-08T13:00	44.72	-18.65	361	1.0	LIZARD	N61:9E	252	SWBW	24.00		-16	CALM, NWBN, CALM		FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS				FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17982
1753-09-09T13:00	44.38	-20.13	85	6.7	LIZARD	N62:12E	275	S73W	70.00		-16	NWBN, NNW, NNE, EBS		FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE				CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17983
1753-09-10T14:00	44.60	-23.12	108	19.0	LIZARD			W1/2N	140.00		-16	ESE, SE, SEBE		FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, MIDDLE MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES		LATTER SQUALLS OF RAIN		FIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER HAZY	1	1	0	0	17984
1753-09-11T14:00	44.85	-26.62	108	6.7	LIZARD			W1/2N	132.00		-16	SE, S, SEBE		FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND, LATTER MODERATE		FIRST PART RAIN		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS HAZY, LATTER FAIR	0	1	0	0	17985
1753-09-12T14:00	44.67	-27.72	278	1.0	LIZARD			S78W	56.00		-15	SE, CALM, NW, WNW		FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND, LATTER LIGHT AIRS OF WIND				FIRST PART FAIR, MIDDLE HAZY, LATTER CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17986
1753-09-13T14:00	44.67	-28.63	210	6.7	LIZARD	N72:8E	389	W	58.00		-15	W, WSW, SWBW, SW		FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, MIDDLE STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY		MIDDLE RAIN		FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	1	0	0	17987
1753-09-14T14:00	45.02	-28.93	233		LIZARD	N73:23E	392	N36W	26.00		-15	NWBN, NNW, WBS, WSW		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY		LATTER RAIN	SWELL FROM NW	FIRST PART FAIR, MIDDLE CLOUDY	0	1	0	0	17988
1753-09-15T14:00	44.25	-29.94	345	2.6	LIZARD	N71:54E	411	SW	65.00		-15	NW, NWBN, NNW, N		FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALES, LATTER LIGHT BREEZES				FIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR	0	0	0	0	17989
1753-09-16T14:00	44.93	-30.03	244	6.7	LIZARD	N73:25E	419	NBW	37.00		-15	CALM, WBS, SWBW, W, WBS		FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND, LATTER MODERATE				LATTER CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17990
1753-09-17T14:00	46.00	-31.15	255	19.0	LIZARD	N77:36E	419	NWBN	90.00		-15	WSW, SWBW, WBS, W		FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY		MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN		FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	1	0	0	17991
1753-09-18T14:00	46.58	-31.93	356	6.7	LIZARD	N79:35E	429	NW	50.00		-15	WBS, WSW, SWBW, WNW, NBE		FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE		RAIN			0	1	0	0	17992
1753-09-19T14:00	46.10	-35.24	131	6.7	CAPE RACE	N86:52W	213	S78W	150.00		-15	NBE, NE, E, SEBS		FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER MODERATE				FIRST AND LATTER CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17993
1753-09-20T15:00	45.95	-39.31	188		CAPE RACE	N84:41W	154	S87W	146.00		-15	SBW, S, SSW, SWBS, SSW		FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER SQUALLY		LATTER SHOWERS OF RAIN		FIRST PART FAIR	1	1	0	0	17994
1753-09-21T15:00	45.58	-44.26	188		CAPE RACE	N75:33W	88	WSW3/4W	94.00		-15	SWBW, SW, SSW, SBW, SSW		FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES	MIDDLE AND LATTER PARTS FOGGY			FIRST PART FAIR	0	0	1	0	17995
1753-09-22T15:00	45.18	-46.47	30	19.0	CAPE RACE	N61:55W	61	S76W	104.00		-15	SBW, SW, W, NE		FIRST PART MODERATE GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES	FIRST PART THICK FOGGY WEATHER	MIDDLE AND LATTER HARD SHOWERS OF RAIN		MIDDLE AND LATTER HAZY	1	1	1	0	17996
1753-09-23T15:00	43.77	-49.41	64	6.7	SANDY HOOK	S78:58W	346	SWBW	154.00		-15	NNE, ENE, NBE, EBN		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE				FIRST AND MIDDLE HAZY	0	0	0	0	17997
1753-09-24T15:00	42.73	-51.17	165	27.4	SANDY HOOK	S81:37W	318	S52W	100.00		-15	ENE, E, SE, S		FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE SQUALLY, LATTER LITTLE WIND, AT 10AM LOOKED VERY WINDY, AT NOON VERY HARD GALES	FIRST PART THICK FOGGY WEATHER			LATTER CLOUDY, AT NOON CLOUDY	0	0	1	0	17998
1753-09-25T16:00	41.13	-56.33	91	6.7	SANDY HOOK	S86:57W	264	SWBW	173.00		-10	NEBN, NE, ENE, EBN, EBS		FIRST PART HARD GALES, MIDDLE FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE				FIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	17999
1753-09-26T16:00	40.22	-57.57	171		SANDY HOOK	N89W	233	S70W	158.00		-9	SE, SBW, SSW, SW, S		FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, AT 8AM VERY HARD SQUALL OF WIND	LIGHTNING	RAIN, AT 8AM VERY HARD SQUALL OF RAIN			0	1	0	1	18000
1753-09-27T16:00	41.30	-59.19	216	26.8	SANDY HOOK	S84:49W	196	N50W	100.00		-9	SWBS, SW, SWBW, SW		HARD GALES	LIGHTNING IN THE MIDDLE PART	SHOWERS OF RAIN			1	1	0	1	18001
1753-09-28T16:00	41.18	-59.77	340	19.0	NANTUCKET SHOALS	S75:13W	106	S75W	28.00		-9	SW, N, NBW		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS VERY HARD GALES OF WIND AND SQUALLY, LATTER PART FRESH GALES					0	0	0	0	18002
1753-09-29T16:00	40.00	-63.51	48	19.0	SANDY HOOK	N86:23W	132	SWBW	166.00		-8	NBW, NNE, NEBE	NE	FRESH GALES				CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	18003
1753-09-30T16:00	38.50	-66.49	93	6.7	SANDY HOOK	N65:15W	91	S58W	172.00		-8	NNE, SSW, S, SBE, EBS		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES WITH FREQUENT SQUALLS, LATTER MODERATE				FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR	0	0	0	0	18004
1753-10-01T17:00	39.65	-70.03	128	6.7	SANDY HOOK	NWBW1/2W	31	WNW	183.00		-7	EBS, ENE, SE		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE		LATTER HARD SHOWERS OF RAIN		CLOUDY	1	1	0	0	18005
1753-10-02T17:00	40.15	-69.31	263		SANDY HOOK	N81:53W	38	N73W	104.00		-7	SE, SBW, SSW, WBN, W		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS LITTLE WIND, LATTER SQUALLY		RAIN			0	1	0	0	18006
1753-10-03T17:00	40.58	-69.82	196	6.7	SANDY HOOK	N82:56W	27	NW	37.00		-7	W, WSW, SW, SWBS, SSW		FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE				FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FAIR	0	0	0	0	18007
1753-10-04T17:00	40.67	-70.39	173	6.7	SANDY HOOK	S75:5W	19	N79W	29.00		-7	W, WBS, CALM, SSE, S		FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND, LATTER MODERATE				FIRST PART CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	18008
1753-10-05T17:00	40.33	-73.00	243	6.7	NEVERSUN??, THE HIGH LAND OF	NW	8			LAID DOWN FROM LIZARD 68:40	-5	SSE, S, SBW, WSW		FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALES					0	0	0	0	18009