García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Admiral Vernon cruise from Java Head to St. Helena started at 1750-01-05 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.746865, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -34.727917 * Median Longitude: 35.146667 * South-bound Latitude: -36.730000 * West-bound Longitude: 20.740000 * North-bound Latitude: -31.200000 * East-bound Longitude: 53.540000
Event(s):
Admiral_Vernon_17500105_BL_L/MAR/B/623C * Latitude Start: -6.070000 * Longitude Start: 105.770000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Admiral Vernon, Start of voyage: 1750-01-05, End of voyage: 1750-01-28, Voyage: Java Head - St Helena, 1st Observer: Edmund Cooke (Author), Company: EIC, Other ship information: 493BM. 1740-1751
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Date/time start | Date/time start | ||||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 7 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 8 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 9 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 10 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 11 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 12 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 13 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 14 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 15 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 16 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 17 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 18 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 19 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 20 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 21 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 22 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
442 data points
Data
| 1 Date/time start | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] | 5 ff [m/s] | 6 Course | 7 Distance [arbitrary units] | 8 Decl [deg] | 9 Wind dir descr | 10 Wind force descr | 11 ww | 12 Precip descr | 13 State sea descr | 14 Clearness | 15 Gusts | 16 Rain | 17 Fog | 18 Snow | 19 Thunder | 20 Hail | 21 Sea ice | 22 ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1750-01-05T08:00 | -31.20 | 53.54 | 159 | 6.7 | WBN TO W | 84.00 | -21 | SWBS, SSW, SBW, S | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, RESIDUE MODERATE. SQUALLY AT 10 PM | RAIN AT 10PM | LARGE SWELL FROM SW | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3419 | |
| 1750-01-06T09:00 | -31.63 | 50.99 | 90 | 16.3 | WBN | 134.00 | -23 | S, SSE, SEBE, ESE | MODERATE GALES INCREASING. SQUALLY AT 11AM | RAIN AT 11 AM | LARGE SWELL FROM SW | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3420 | |
| 1750-01-07T09:00 | -32.30 | 47.99 | 112 | 15.4 | WBN | 155.00 | -23 | SE | CONSTANT GALES WITH SOOME SQUALLS (HEAVY SQUALLS AT 1PM) | RAIN AT 1PM AND 4AM | FOLLOW SEA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3421 | ||
| 1750-01-08T09:00 | -32.93 | 44.83 | 76 | WBN | 166.00 | -25 | ESE, EBS | FRESH GALES THE FIRST PART | LARGE SWELL FROM ESE | FIRST PART CLOUDY, REST FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3422 | |||
| 1750-01-09T09:00 | -33.52 | 42.04 | 76 | 15.4 | WBN | 145.00 | -25 | EBS | MODERATE GALES | FOLLOWING SEA | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3423 | ||
| 1750-01-10T09:00 | -34.08 | 40.74 | 178 | 15.4 | WBN TO NW | 68.00 | -25 | E, NWBN, WSW, S, SSW | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE GALES, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND WITH CALMS | RAIN AT 2AM | WATER SMOOTH | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3424 | |
| 1750-01-11T09:00 | -34.02 | 39.29 | 133 | 2.6 | WBN TO WNW | 72.00 | -25 | SWBS, SBW, S, SSE | FIRST PART MODERATE GALES, SOME SQUALLS, RESIDUE LITTLE WINDS DECREASING AND CALMS | RAIN AT 7PM | CONFUSED SEA | CLOUDY, RESIDUE FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3425 | |
| 1750-01-12T09:00 | -34.28 | 39.24 | 43 | 2.6 | SWBS TO S TO WB | 30.00 | -25 | WBN, W, SWBW, SE, ENE | LITTLE WINDS | SWELL FROM SW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3426 | ||
| 1750-01-13T10:00 | -34.72 | 37.19 | 111 | 15.4 | WBN TO W | 106.00 | -24 | E, EBS, SEBS, EBS, SE | FIRST PART LIGHT GALES INCREASING, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE GALES | SOME RAIN AT MIDNIGHT AND TOWARDS NOON | LARGE SWELL FROM S | MIDDLE AND LATTER VERY HAZY WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3427 | |
| 1750-01-14T10:00 | -34.80 | 36.41 | 269 | 4.6 | WBN TO N TO | -24 | SWBS, WSW, WNW, WBN, WNW | LIGHT GALES SOME SQUALLS | RAIN IN THE NIGHT | CONFUSED SEA | FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3428 | ||
| 1750-01-15T10:00 | -35.88 | 35.96 | 280 | 19.0 | SWBS TO NBW | 75.00 | -24 | WBN, WBN, NWBW WNW, NWBW | FIRST PART MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES | LARGE DEEP SEA FROM WNW | LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3429 | ||
| 1750-01-16T10:00 | -36.55 | 35.31 | 359 | 16.3 | SW1/2W TO WSW | 52.00 | -24 | NWBW, NW, NNW, NBE, NNE | MODERATE GALES TOWARDS NOON INCREASING | RAIN AT 5PM | LARGE DEEP SEA | FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3430 | |
| 1750-01-17T10:00 | -36.73 | 34.71 | 190 | 19.0 | WSW TO SWBW T | 44.00 | -24 | NNE, WBN, SW, NBW, SWBS | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, RESIDUE FRESH GALES AND MANY HARD SQUALLS | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | HARD RAIN AT 11PM, 7AM AND 11AM | VERY LARGE CONFUSED SEA | FIRST PART HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3431 |
| 1750-01-18T10:00 | -36.35 | 34.88 | 201 | 15.4 | NWBW TO WNW | 23.00 | -24 | NBW, WSW, NNW, SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES & GREAT MANY VERY HARD SQUALLS, LATTER MODERATE GALES AND SOME SQUALLS | LIGHTNING FROM S AT 6AM | RAIN MOST OF THE DAY | VERY LARGE CONFUSED SEA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3432 | |
| 1750-01-19T10:00 | -35.85 | 34.23 | 212 | 1.0 | NWBW TO NW TO | 44.00 | -24 | SWBW, WSW, WBS, SWBW | FIRST PART MODERATE GALES DECREASING, RESIDUE LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS | SWELL FROM SW | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3433 | ||
| 1750-01-20T10:00 | -35.88 | 32.04 | 56 | 15.4 | WNW | 106.00 | -23 | NE, ENE, EBN | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES INCREASING AND CALMS, RESIDUE MODERATE GALES & SOME FLYING SQUALLS | SEA FROM NE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3434 | ||
| 1750-01-21T10:00 | -35.68 | 30.21 | 247 | 15.4 | WNW TO NWBN T | 98.00 | -23 | ENE, ESE, SWBW, W | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, RESIDUE MODERATE GALES WITH VERY HARD SQUALLS | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | LARGE SEA FROM NE | HAZY - TOWARDS NOON FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3435 | |
| 1750-01-22T10:00 | -34.97 | 30.09 | 292 | 26.8 | NNW TO NWBN TO | 24.00 | -23 | W, NBW, NNE, NW | HARD GALES WITH A GREAT MANY SQUALLS | RAIN | LARGE DEEP SEA | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3436 | |
| 1750-01-23T10:00 | -34.65 | 29.41 | 112 | 6.7 | WNW W | 38.00 | -23 | NWBN, SSW, SSE, SE | HARD GALES DECREASING THE FIRST PART THE RESIDUE MODERATE | SEA SO CONFUSED COULD MAKE NO WAY OF IT | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3437 | ||
| 1750-01-24T10:00 | -36.05 | 26.34 | 80 | 19.8 | WBN WNW | 150.00 | -21 | SE, EBS, E, EBS | FIRST PART MODERATE GALES INCREASING , MIDDLE AND LATTER VERY FRESH GALES | SEA FROM ESE | CLOUDY AND HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3438 | ||
| 1750-01-25T10:00 | -36.00 | 23.04 | 328 | 6.7 | WNW | 161.00 | -21 | EBS, ENE, EBN, NE, NBW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH GALES, LATTER MODERATE | LARGE SWELL FROMO E | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3439 | ||
| 1750-01-26T11:00 | -35.45 | 22.39 | 307 | 15.4 | WBS N | 89.00 | -19 | NWBN, WNW, NW, NNW, NWBN | MODERATE GALES THE FIRST PART, LATTER CLOUDY | SMALL SWELL FROM E | FIRST PART HAZY, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3440 | ||
| 1750-01-27T11:00 | -35.30 | 21.91 | 206 | 6.7 | WBS1/2S TO NNW | 62.00 | -19 | NWBN, NW, WBS, WSW, SW | FOR THE MAJOR PART FRESH GALES AND SOME SQUALLS, TOWARDS NOON MODERATE | RAIN AT 3PM | LARGE SWELL FROM NW | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3441 | ||
| 1750-01-28T11:00 | -34.65 | 20.74 | 161 | 15.4 | N | 111.00 | -19 | SSW, S | MODERATE GALES | SWELL FROM W | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3442 |