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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Twee Cornelissen cruise from Nieuwediep to Batavia started at 1835-10-21 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.746848, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -2.430667 * Median Longitude: 18.684667 * South-bound Latitude: -40.000000 * West-bound Longitude: -30.820000 * North-bound Latitude: 55.020000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1835-10-21T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-02-03T05:00:00
Event(s):
Twee_Cornelissen_18351021_M_REIS_24_P32-48 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1835-10-21T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-02-03T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Twee Cornelissen, Voyage: Nieuwediep - Batavia, 1st Observer: S. Veenstra, Company: MER
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
11 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
16 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
17 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
18 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
19 Present weatherwwWeather description
20 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
21 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
22 Cloud typeCloud type
23 ClearnessClearness
24 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
25 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
26 FogFog1 If fog was reported
27 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
28 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
29 HailHail1 If hail was reported
30 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
31 CommentComment
32 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2251 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)
10 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
11 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
16 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
17 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
18 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
19 
ww
(Weather description)
20 
Precip descr
21 
State sea descr
22 
Cloud type
23 
Clearness
24 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
25 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
26 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
27 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
28 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
29 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
30 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
31 
Comment
32 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1835-10-21T12:0052.833.2213612.31003.513.31VM8-22656.0029.63ZZO6V10, V030000000259945
1835-10-22T12:0053.103.3027112.31001.812.81VM8-22655.0029.58WNW6W20V050100000259946
1835-10-23T12:0052.533.3818119.01000.112.81VM8-22855.0029.53ZZW8Z01V010000000259947
1835-10-24T12:0053.504.2320319.0998.410.01VM8-22850.0029.48ZW8W33V10, V040000100259948
1835-10-25T12:0054.652.9015826.81001.810.01VM8-221050.0029.58Z10STORMZ01V130000000259949
1835-10-26T12:0055.023.28236.7968.612.81VM8-22455.0028.60NE4W20V050100000259950
1835-10-27T12:0054.882.332002.6988.912.81VM8-25255.0029.20ZW2V010000000259951
1835-10-28T12:0054.125.9215812.31009.212.81VM8-22655.0029.80Z6W00W20V061100000259952
1835-10-29T12:0054.553.822486.71005.812.81VM8-22455.0029.70W4W100010000259953
1835-10-30T12:0053.282.959112.31021.412.81VM8-22655.0030.16OZO6V050000000259954
1835-10-31T12:0051.802.303379.31010.911.71VM8-23553.0029.85N5W10V040010000259955
1835-11-01T12:0050.28-1.001576.71019.412.81VM8-23455.0030.10Z4V01, V040000000259956
1835-11-02T12:0050.03-2.8813312.31018.712.81VM8-25655.0030.08ZZO6W20V050100000259957
1835-11-03T12:0049.35-5.072459.31012.612.81VM8-25555.0029.90W5W20V050100000259958
1835-11-04T13:0049.02-8.002431.01000.414.4VM8-27158.0029.54W1V040000000259959
1835-11-05T13:0048.18-7.601984.61009.912.8VM8-27355.0029.82ZW3H000000000259960
1835-11-06T12:0047.68-7.482234.61001.113.3VM8-25356.0029.56WZW3V040000000259961
1835-11-07T12:0046.60-7.282364.61016.012.8VM8-23355.0030.00WTZ3V04H000000000259962
1835-11-08T13:0047.22-8.173581.01017.315.6VM8-25160.0030.04NNO1V05H000000000259963
1835-11-09T13:0046.92-9.083622.61017.715.6VM8-25260.0030.05OML,2V040000000259964
1835-11-10T13:0045.83-9.67999.31017.315.6VM8-25560.0030.04ZOTO5V07, V040000000259965
1835-11-11T13:0043.65-12.553579.31012.614.4VM8-26558.0029.90NNO5V010000000259966
1835-11-12T13:0040.97-14.1233712.31012.618.9VM8-23666.0029.90N6V100000000259967
1835-11-13T13:0038.02-15.80229.31016.719.4VM8-23567.0030.02NO5V040000000259968
1835-11-14T13:0034.82-17.37239.31017.318.3VM8-22565.0030.04NO5V010000000259969
1835-11-15T13:0031.73-18.90489.31016.021.1VM8-20570.0030.00ONO5V010000000a trivial correction was made in this observation259970
1835-11-16T13:0028.57-18.878112.31013.320.0VM8-20668.0029.92OTZ6V010000000259971
1835-11-17T13:0025.67-20.353621006.825.6VM8-1978.0029.73OML,V000000000259972
1835-11-18T13:0024.48-20.273621.01011.224.4VM8-19176.0029.86VARIABLE1W00W20V041100000259973
1835-11-19T13:0023.38-20.63719.31015.322.2VM8-19572.0029.98O5V010000000259974
1835-11-20T13:0021.27-21.07619.31014.323.3VM8-18574.0029.95OTN5V010000000259975
1835-11-21T13:0017.72-21.133424.61010.626.1VM8-18379.0029.84N3H010000000259976
1835-11-22T13:0015.88-20.9066.71011.225.6VM8-17478.0029.86NNO4H000000000259977
1835-11-23T13:0013.82-20.73282.61011.229.4VM8-17285.0029.86NO2H000000000259978
1835-11-24T13:0012.20-20.9266.71011.630.0VM8-17486.0029.87NNO4H000000000259979
1835-11-25T13:0010.83-20.82734.61012.630.0VM8-17386.0029.90O3H010000000259980
1835-11-26T13:009.92-20.821411.01012.618.3VM8-17165.0029.90ZZO1V00H000000000259981
1835-11-27T13:008.07-21.00962.61012.630.6VM8-17287.0029.90OZO2V01H000000000259982
1835-11-28T13:007.33-20.83974.61012.629.4VM8-16385.0029.90OZO3W00, W33V011000100259983
1835-11-29T13:006.08-20.621192.61012.628.9VM8-16284.0029.90ZO20000000259984
1835-11-30T13:005.08-20.981309.31012.629.4VM8-16585.0029.90ZOTZ5H000000000259985
1835-12-01T14:003.22-22.531219.31012.628.3VM8-14583.0029.90ZO5H000000000259986
1835-12-02T14:000.98-24.871119.31012.628.3VM8-13583.0029.90ZOTO5W20V100100000259987
1835-12-03T14:00-1.83-26.601229.31009.228.3VM8-13583.0029.80ZO5V010000000259988
1835-12-04T14:00-4.35-28.271039.31008.527.2VM8-10581.0029.78OZO5V010000000259989
1835-12-05T14:00-7.13-28.981149.31009.226.7VM8-10580.0029.80ZOTO5V010000000259990
1835-12-06T14:00-10.33-29.821049.31009.226.7VM8-9580.0029.80OZO5H000000000259991
1835-12-07T14:00-13.68-30.60939.31009.227.8VM8-8582.0029.80OTZ5V040000000259992
1835-12-08T14:00-16.35-30.80829.31012.627.2VM8-8581.0029.90O5V010000000259993
1835-12-09T14:00-18.93-30.481069.31012.627.2VM8-7581.0029.90OZO5V040000000259994
1835-12-10T14:00-21.80-30.82949.31012.625.0VM8-7577.0029.90OTZ5V04, V010000000259995
1835-12-11T14:00-24.07-30.37629.31013.323.9VM8-6575.0029.92ONO5V050000000259996
1835-12-12T14:00-27.45-29.2259.31014.323.9VM8-6575.0029.95NTO5V05H010000000259997
1835-12-13T14:00-30.50-27.053629.31012.622.8VM8-8573.0029.90VARIABLE5W20V050100000259998
1835-12-14T14:00-32.65-23.672744.61015.628.3VM8-7383.0029.99WTN3V100000000260000
1835-12-15T13:00-33.33-20.952601.01016.021.7VM8-10171.0030.00W1V000000000260001
1835-12-16T13:00-33.68-20.032716.71016.022.8VM8-10473.0030.00WTN4V040000000260002
1835-12-17T13:00-34.22-17.83359.31016.023.9VM8-10575.0030.00NO5V070000000260003
1835-12-18T13:00-35.53-15.783259.31015.320.6VM8-13569.0029.98NNW5V050000000260004
1835-12-19T13:00-36.93-11.532549.31007.519.4TRISTAN A SWINAVM8-16567.0029.75W5V010000000260005
1835-12-20T12:00-37.27-7.482069.31010.220.6VM8-19569.0029.83ZW5V010000000260006
1835-12-21T12:00-37.40-3.622744.61016.021.1VM8-19370.0030.00WNW3H000000000260007
1835-12-22T12:00-37.67-1.552949.31018.419.4VM8-21567.0030.07NW5V040000000260008
1835-12-23T12:00-38.002.302949.31007.519.4VM8-21567.0029.75NW5W20V050100000260009
1835-12-24T12:00-38.675.232709.3995.718.3VM8-23565.0029.40WNW5Z00V04H000000000260010
1835-12-25T11:00-38.0011.3025512.31014.018.3VM8-26665.0029.94WTN6Z01V040000000260011
1835-12-26T11:00-38.5316.5326612.31005.817.2VM8-27663.0029.70WNW6W00H101000000260012
1835-12-27T11:00-38.9521.301969.3999.117.8VM8-29564.0029.50ZW5V040000000260013
1835-12-28T10:00-38.5225.672859.31007.518.9VM8-30566.0029.75NW5V040000000260014
1835-12-29T10:00-39.3729.373199.3999.122.2VM8-30572.0029.50NTW5H100000000260015
1835-12-30T10:00-39.9534.5833012.31000.721.1VM8-31670.0029.55N6H100000000260016
1835-12-31T09:00-40.0038.00719.31002.120.6VM8-30569.0029.59OTZ5W20V050100000260017
1836-01-01T09:00-39.3540.67941015.020.6VM8-3069.0029.97ZOTNV010000000260018
1836-01-02T09:00-38.7843.972419.31007.518.3VM8-29565.0029.75W5W04, W00W201100000260019
1836-01-03T09:00-39.3747.1712915.41000.718.3VM8-29765.0029.55ZZO7Z01V100000000260020
1836-01-04T08:00-39.1052.8215315.41007.915.6VM8-27760.0029.76Z7V050000000260021
1836-01-05T08:00-38.4557.001089.315.6VM8-27560.00ZO5W00V011000000260022
1836-01-06T08:00-37.5060.72874.61016.015.6VM8-26360.0030.00OZO3V010000000260023
1836-01-07T08:00-36.3362.52144.61022.815.6VM8-20360.0030.20NOTN3V04H000000000260024
1836-01-08T08:00-37.5263.202456.71020.017.2VM8-25463.0030.12W4V04, V00H000000000260025
1836-01-09T08:00-38.8266.20886.71014.620.0VM8-25468.0029.96OZO4W20V050100000260026
1836-01-10T07:00-37.8867.87216.71016.018.9VM8-24466.0030.00NO4V040000000260027
1836-01-11T07:00-37.5069.333369.31016.018.9VM8-24566.0030.00N5V01H100000000260028
1836-01-12T07:00-39.5273.1729212.31015.318.9VM8-23666.0029.98NW6W20V13, V060100000260029
1836-01-13T07:00-39.6278.151599.31000.718.9VM8-21566.0029.55Z5V040000000260030
1836-01-14T06:00-38.9882.952054.61014.018.9VM8-20366.0029.94ZW3V010000000260031
1836-01-15T06:00-38.1885.032396.71013.318.3VM8-20465.0029.92WTZ4V010000000260032
1836-01-16T06:00-37.0587.07984.61014.019.4VM8-15367.0029.94OZO3V010000000260033
1836-01-17T06:00-35.4388.72766.71018.018.9VM8-14466.0030.06O4V010000000260034
1836-01-18T06:00-32.9889.83769.31018.420.0VM8-14568.0030.07O5V010000000260035
1836-01-19T06:00-29.7390.37809.31018.421.7VM8-10571.0030.07O5W00V041000000260036
1836-01-20T06:00-26.5090.721069.31015.024.4VM8-7576.0029.97OZO5V10, V040000000260037
1836-01-21T06:00-23.4892.58959.31012.623.9VM8-6575.0029.90OTZ5V01, V040000000260038
1836-01-22T06:00-20.7394.20869.31012.624.4VM8-4576.0029.90O5W001000000260039
1836-01-23T06:00-17.9095.53866.71012.626.7VM8-4480.0029.90O4V00H000000000260040
1836-01-24T06:00-15.5296.251339.31012.626.7VM8-2580.0029.90ZO5V000000000260041
1836-01-25T05:00-13.7598.132014.61009.226.7VM8-2380.0029.80ZZW3V000000000260042
1836-01-26T05:00-12.3899.152592.61010.927.2VM80281.0029.85WTZ2V010000000260043
1836-01-27T05:00-11.5599.471581.01009.228.9VM80184.0029.80ZZIS00, Z1V000000000260044
1836-01-28T05:00-10.8899.723621.01010.926.7VM80180.0029.85VARIABLE1V010000000260045
1836-01-29T05:00-10.60100.283156.71009.228.3VM80483.0029.80NW4W00W201100000a trivial correction was made in this observation260046
1836-01-30T05:00-9.92100.633269.31009.231.1VM80588.0029.80NWTN5W00V071000000260047
1836-01-31T05:00-7.62102.833156.71009.229.4VM80485.0029.80NW4V07, V040000000260048
1836-02-01T05:00-6.17104.63461010.928.9VM8184.0029.85NO0000000260049
1836-02-02T00:00VM8W0000000260050
1836-02-03T05:00-6.10106.861VM810000000260051