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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Sara Lydia cruise from Batavia to Rotterdam started at 1845-11-08 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.746841, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -4.045596 * Median Longitude: 15.571927 * South-bound Latitude: -35.380000 * West-bound Longitude: -33.720000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.750000 * East-bound Longitude: 103.670000
Date/Time Start: 1845-11-08T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-02-26T12:00:00
Event(s):
Sara_Lydia_18451108_B_REIS_9_P141-183 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 51.900000 * Longitude End: 3.930000 * Date/Time Start: 1845-11-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1846-02-26T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Sara Lydia (Fregat), Voyage: Batavia - Rotterdam, 1st Observer: B. Van Der Tak (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
14 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
15 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 Present weatherwwWeather description
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
20 Cloud typeCloud type
21 ClearnessClearness
22 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
23 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
24 FogFog1 If fog was reported
25 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
26 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
27 HailHail1 If hail was reported
28 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
29 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2341 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
14 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
15 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
16 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
17 
ww
(Weather description)
18 
Precip descr
19 
State sea descr
20 
Cloud type
21 
Clearness
22 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
23 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
24 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
25 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
26 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
27 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
28 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
29 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1845-11-08T05:00-6.98103.671364.6VM813ZO3H000000000229911
1845-11-09T05:00-7.83101.601582.61017.328.3VM80283.0030.04ZZO2W210100000229912
1845-11-10T05:00-8.35100.851354.61016.727.2VM80381.0030.02ZO3W001000000229913
1845-11-11T05:00-9.7598.42906.71018.027.2VM80481.0030.06O4V040000000229914
1845-11-12T06:00-11.4294.65892.61019.427.8VM8-1282.0030.10O2V010000000229915
1845-11-13T06:00-13.0392.08651.01018.726.7VM8-3180.0030.08ONO1V010000000229916
1845-11-14T06:00-14.2589.601102.61018.726.7VM8-3280.0030.08OZO2W00W211100000229917
1845-11-15T06:00-15.9387.38656.71018.726.7VM8-3480.0030.08ONO3-4W21H010100000229918
1845-11-16T06:00-17.5084.68634.61018.725.6VM8-5378.0030.08ONO3H000000000229919
1845-11-17T06:00-18.2082.931084.61018.725.6VM8-5378.0030.08OZO3V050000000229920
1845-11-18T07:00-19.3880.531072.61022.125.6VM8-6278.0030.18OZO2H000000000229921
1845-11-19T07:00-20.4377.483534.61021.724.4VM8-7376.0030.17N3V01H000000000229922
1845-11-20T07:00-21.2374.573312.61020.724.4VM8-7276.0030.14NNW2V010000000229923
1845-11-21T07:00-21.4773.35832.61020.726.1VM8-7279.0030.14O2V00H000000000229924
1845-11-22T07:00-21.4872.931282.61022.127.2VM8-7281.0030.18ZO2H000000000229925
1845-11-23T07:00-21.7871.00724.61022.425.0VM8-7377.0030.19OTN3H000000000229926
1845-11-24T07:00-22.2268.45384.61021.125.0VM8-7377.0030.15NO3V050000000229927
1845-11-25T08:00-22.7066.453264.61017.726.1VM8-12379.0030.05NNW3W001000000229928
1845-11-26T08:00-23.0765.40332.61016.725.0VM8-12277.0030.02NO2V030000000229929
1845-11-27T08:00-23.9563.40564.61015.323.3VM8-12374.0029.98ONO3W00, W42W211100100229930
1845-11-28T08:00-24.6562.50554.61016.024.4VM8-13376.0030.00ONO3V040000000229931
1845-11-29T08:00-25.4360.90552.61018.725.6VM8-13278.0030.08ONO2V030000000229932
1845-11-30T08:00-26.2758.90324.61019.425.0VM8-13377.0030.10NO3H000000000229933
1845-12-01T08:00-26.8756.333452.61015.626.1VM8-15279.0029.99N2H000000000229934
1845-12-02T08:00-27.2854.901889.31015.626.1VM8-15579.0029.99ZZW5V100000000229935
1845-12-03T08:00-27.5753.321164.61018.423.3VM8-19374.0030.07ZO3V00H000000000229936
1845-12-04T09:00-27.9851.821592.61022.823.9VM8-21275.0030.20Z2V00H000000000229937
1845-12-05T09:00-27.6850.02801.01022.423.9VM8-21175.0030.19OTZ1W00V031000000229938
1845-12-06T09:00-28.1347.50694.61016.723.3VM8-21374.0030.02O3H000000000229939
1845-12-07T09:00-28.9344.83232.61023.422.8VM8-22273.0030.22NO2H000000000229940
1845-12-08T09:00-30.0042.7314.61020.425.0VM8-22377.0030.13NNO3H000000000229941
1845-12-09T09:00-30.6840.723361.01017.723.9VM8-24175.0030.05N1H000000000229942
1845-12-10T09:00-31.4038.172011.01013.324.4VM8-24176.0029.92ZW4-1W21V100100000229943
1845-12-11T10:00-31.6035.651322.61018.422.2VM8-26272.0030.07ZZO2H000000000229944
1845-12-12T10:00-31.7733.903574.61028.921.1VM8-26370.0030.38NNO3V010000000229945
1845-12-13T10:00-32.7731.421964.61019.722.8VM8-29373.0030.11ZW3W00H011000000229946
1845-12-14T10:00-33.6029.0030930.91016.723.3VM8-291174.0030.02NNW3-11V04H000000000229947
1845-12-15T10:00-34.7526.951964.61012.622.2VM8-29372.0029.90ZW3W001000000229948
1845-12-16T10:00-34.6026.821615.41026.522.2VM8-29772.0030.31NO7V00H000000000229949
1845-12-17T10:00-35.0225.4224119.01009.521.7VM8-29871.0029.81W8W00Z001000000229950
1845-12-18T10:00-34.5722.80612.61020.021.7VM8-29271.0030.12O2H000000000229951
1845-12-19T11:00-34.6822.421961.01018.421.1VM8-29170.0030.07ZW1H000000000229952
1845-12-20T11:00-34.8821.982192.61013.322.2VM8-29272.0029.92WZW2V010000000229953
1845-12-21T11:00-35.3821.981741.01022.420.0VM8-29168.0030.19ZZW1H000000000229954
1845-12-22T11:00-35.2321.12612.61022.820.6VM8-29269.0030.20O2V000000000229955
1845-12-23T11:00-35.2720.200.01019.421.1VM8-29070.0030.100H000000000229956
1845-12-24T11:00-35.2520.001966.71018.421.1VM8-29470.0030.07ZW4H000000000229957
1845-12-25T11:00-35.0519.131961.01022.420.6VM8-29169.0030.19ZW1V04H000000000229958
1845-12-26T11:00-33.7716.481972.61020.020.6VM8-28269.0030.12ZW2V050000000229959
1845-12-27T11:00-31.6014.071304.61019.720.6VM8-28369.0030.11ZZO3V030000000229960
1845-12-28T11:00-29.3211.681084.61022.819.4VM8-27367.0030.20ZO3V04H000000000229961
1845-12-29T11:00-27.209.331084.61021.120.0VM8-27368.0030.15ZO3V040000000229962
1845-12-30T12:00-25.627.381091.01021.421.1VM8-26170.0030.16ZO1H000000000229963
1845-12-31T12:00-24.155.75874.61022.425.6VM8-26378.0030.19OZO3V04H000000000229964
1846-01-01T12:00-22.553.80752.61022.422.2VM8-26272.0030.19OTZ2H000000000229965
1846-01-02T12:00-21.202.071112.61020.721.1VM8-24270.0030.14ZO2H000000000229966
1846-01-03T12:00-19.830.53661.01019.422.2VM8-24172.0030.10O1V04H000000000229967
1846-01-04T12:00-18.52-1.201112.61020.422.2VM8-24272.0030.13ZO2H000000000229968
1846-01-05T12:00-17.40-3.021022.61022.823.3VM8-22274.0030.20ZOTO2V010000000229969
1846-01-06T12:00-16.18-5.05912.61022.822.2VM8-22272.0030.20OZO2V050000000229970
1846-01-07T00:001241.01024.123.31VM8174.0030.24ZOTO1V040000000229971
1846-01-08T00:00901.01021.121.71VM8171.0030.15O1H000000000229972
1846-01-09T13:00-14.30-7.681032.61022.122.2VM8-21272.0030.18ZOTO2V010000000229973
1846-01-10T13:00-12.70-9.601144.61020.021.7VM8-21371.0030.12ZO3V050000000229974
1846-01-11T13:00-11.25-11.581032.61022.123.9VM8-21275.0030.18ZOTO2V00H000000000229975
1846-01-12T13:00-9.82-13.221164.61021.423.9VM8-19375.0030.16ZO3H000000000229976
1846-01-13T13:00-8.22-14.08942.61020.424.4VM8-19276.0030.13OZO2H000000000229977
1846-01-14T13:00-6.22-16.271162.61019.725.0VM8-19277.0030.11ZO2H000000000229978
1846-01-15T13:00-4.28-17.671292.61017.726.1VM8-17279.0030.05ZOTZ2V000000000229979
1846-01-16T13:00-2.63-19.051292.61018.426.7VM8-17280.0030.07ZOTZ2V030000000229980
1846-01-17T13:00-0.78-20.151412.61018.026.7VM8-17280.0030.06ZZO2V050000000229981
1846-01-18T13:001.07-20.902082.61019.426.1VM8-17279.0030.10ZW2V030000000229982
1846-01-19T13:001.77-21.47394.61018.426.7VM8-17380.0030.07NOTO3V04H000000000229983
1846-01-20T13:002.83-22.001181.01017.327.8VM8-17182.0030.04ZO1H000000000229984
1846-01-21T13:003.50-21.53281.01018.028.3VM8-17183.0030.06NO1V050000000229985
1846-01-22T14:003.80-23.27302.61017.027.2VM8-15281.0030.03NO2H010000000229986
1846-01-23T14:004.38-24.0284.61016.028.3VM8-15383.0030.00NNO3H000000000229987
1846-01-24T14:005.57-25.2584.61016.327.2VM8-15381.0030.01NNO3V000000000229988
1846-01-25T14:006.80-26.78531.01017.327.2VM8-15181.0030.04ONO1H000000000229989
1846-01-26T14:008.13-27.93541.01018.026.7VM8-14180.0030.06ONO1H00, H010000000229990
1846-01-27T14:009.70-28.92426.71017.727.2VM8-14481.0030.05NOTO4W001000000229991
1846-01-28T14:0011.42-30.03544.61018.724.4VM8-14376.0030.08ONO3H000000000229992
1846-01-29T14:0013.58-31.27306.71019.425.6VM8-15478.0030.10NO4V01H000000000229993
1846-01-30T14:0015.75-32.33302.61019.424.4VM8-15276.0030.10NO2H000000000229994
1846-01-31T14:0018.10-33.55761.01021.723.9VM8-14175.0030.17O1H000000000229995
1846-02-01T14:0019.95-33.72992.61020.723.3VM8-14274.0030.14OZO2H000000000229996
1846-02-02T14:0021.60-33.70762.61020.722.2VM8-14272.0030.14O2H000000000229997
1846-02-03T14:0023.38-33.371641.01019.723.9VM8-16175.0030.11Z1V010000000229998
1846-02-04T14:0025.18-33.131191.01020.724.4VM8-16176.0030.14ZO1H000000000230000
1846-02-05T14:0027.48-32.651196.71015.323.9VM8-16475.0029.98ZO4V100000000230001
1846-02-06T14:0029.80-32.072392.61012.921.1VM8-20270.0029.91WTZ2Z010000000230002
1846-02-07T14:0031.97-31.172954.61009.219.4VM8-20367.0029.80NW3H000000000230003
1846-02-08T14:0034.35-30.272712.61017.320.6VM8-22269.0030.04WNW2V050000000230004
1846-02-09T14:0035.88-29.102034.61023.118.3VM8-22365.0030.21ZW3Z020000000230005
1846-02-10T14:0038.58-29.021662.61006.818.9VM8-25266.0029.73ZTW2V050000000230006
1846-02-11T14:0040.30-27.8817826.81002.419.4VM8-251067.0029.60ZZW10V050000000230007
1846-02-12T14:0041.28-26.281442.61007.518.9VM8-25266.0029.75ZTO2V050000000230008
1846-02-13T14:0042.00-24.73994.61010.917.2VM8-25363.0029.85ZOTO3Z00 UIT O0000000230009
1846-02-14T14:0042.95-23.3013019.01015.315.6VM8-28860.0029.98ZZO8Z010000000230010
1846-02-15T13:0044.17-21.1313130.91016.315.6VM8-271160.0030.01ZZO11Z010000000230011
1846-02-16T13:0045.10-20.737412.31016.014.4VM8-27658.0030.00OTZ6W02W211100000230012
1846-02-17T13:0045.78-19.007430.91015.013.9VM8-271157.0029.97OTZ11W011000000230013
1846-02-18T13:0046.72-16.381994.6999.113.3VM8-26356.0029.50ZW3W021000000230014
1846-02-19T13:0046.83-15.201092.61001.113.9VM8-26257.0029.56ZO2V050000000230015
1846-02-20T13:0047.57-14.021404.61006.813.3VM8-29356.0029.73ZTO3V050000000230016
1846-02-21T13:0047.67-12.5016419.01010.213.3VM8-27856.0029.83ZTW8W21V050100000230017
1846-02-22T13:0048.38-10.581534.61013.613.3VM8-27356.0029.93Z3V050000000230018
1846-02-23T12:0048.95-6.621784.61007.213.9VM8-25357.0029.74ZZW3V050000000230019
1846-02-24T12:0050.07-3.602002.61001.814.41VM8-25258.0029.58ZW2V050000000230020
1846-02-25T12:0050.72-0.531572.61006.215.01VM8-23259.0029.71Z2V050000000230021
1846-02-26T12:0051.753.901VM8-20H000000000230022