García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during MERMAID cruise from Falmouth to Halifax started at 1767-08-05 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.746815, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 45.119091 * Median Longitude: -26.755455 * South-bound Latitude: 42.450000 * West-bound Longitude: -46.500000 * North-bound Latitude: 48.370000 * East-bound Longitude: -8.330000
Date/Time Start: 1767-08-05T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1767-08-27T15:00:00
Event(s):
Mermaid_17670805_NMM_ADM/L/M179 * Latitude Start: 49.950000 * Longitude Start: -5.000000 * Latitude End: 43.400000 * Longitude End: -63.030000 * Date/Time Start: 1767-08-25T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1767-08-27T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Mermaid (6th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Falmouth - Halifax, 1st Observer: James Smith (Captain), 2nd Observer: Matthew Squire (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 28G 617BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 15 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 16 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 17 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 18 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 19 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 20 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 21 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 22 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 23 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 24 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 25 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 26 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 27 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
473 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 15 ww (Weather description) | 16 Precip descr | 17 State sea descr | 18 Clearness | 19 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 20 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 21 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 22 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 23 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 24 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 25 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 26 Comment | 27 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1767-08-05T13:00 | 48.32 | -8.33 | 260 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N51E | 52 | S45W | 76.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -21 | NW, NWBW, WBN | FRESH GALES, THEN MODERATE | CLOUDY, THEN CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168406 | |||
| 1767-08-06T13:00 | 48.17 | -9.15 | 339 | 2.6 | LIZARD | N55E | 63 | S74W | 31.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -21 | W, WNW, N | MODERATE, THEN LITTLE WIND | FAIR THEN FOGGY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168407 | |||
| 1767-08-07T13:00 | 47.47 | -10.88 | 351 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N56E | 86 | S59W | 82.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -20 | NBW, NNW, NBE | LIGHT BREEZES, THEN MODERATE, THEN FRESH BREEZES | A GREAT SWELL FROM NE | FOGGY THEN CLOUDY THEN CLEAER | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168408 | ||
| 1767-08-08T13:00 | 47.10 | -12.15 | 70 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N58E | 109 | S67W | 59.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -20 | N, ENE, E | LIGHT BREEZES THEN MODERATE | CLEAR HAZY AND FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168409 | |||
| 1767-08-09T13:00 | 47.73 | -14.05 | 69 | 1.0 | LIZARD | N59E | 129 | S67W | 59.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -21 | E | LIGHT AIRS | LARGE SWELL FROM THE N | CLEAR THEN CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168410 | ||
| 1767-08-10T13:00 | 48.37 | -15.92 | 47 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N63E | 160 | S79W | 98.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -21 | ENE | MODERATE FIRST AND LATTER, MID FRESH BREEZES | HAZY, THEN CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168411 | |||
| 1767-08-11T13:00 | 46.23 | -17.47 | 274 | 2.6 | LIZARD | N63E | 179 | S82W | 54.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -19 | NE, NNE, WNW | MODERATE THEN LITTLE WIND | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168412 | |||
| 1767-08-12T13:00 | 46.95 | -18.77 | 217 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N71:40E | 190 | N53W | 68.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -19 | SBW, WBN, SWBW | LIGHT AIRS THEN FRESH BREEZES | CLEAR THEN CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168413 | |||
| 1767-08-13T13:00 | 46.62 | -22.20 | 341 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N73E | 235 | S82:36W | 136.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -19 | SWBW, N | FRESH BREEZES, FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, THEN MODERATE | DRIZZLING RAIN, AND RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168414 | ||
| 1767-08-14T14:00 | 45.13 | -23.90 | 297 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N67:50E | 269 | S39:14W | 114.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -18 | NBW, NNW, NW | MODERATE THEN FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168415 | ||
| 1767-08-15T14:00 | 43.70 | -26.45 | 342 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N66:38E | 316 | S51W | 135.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -18 | NW, NWBW, N | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, MODERATE THEN FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168416 | |||
| 1767-08-16T14:00 | 43.35 | -28.72 | 342 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N76:43E | 348 | S70W | 95.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -18 | NBW, NBE, N | FRESH BREEZES, THEN MODERATE | CLOUDY THEN CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168417 | |||
| 1767-08-17T14:00 | 43.53 | -29.78 | 241 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N69:07E | 360 | N77W | 48.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -18 | SWBS, W, WBS | LIGHT AIRS, THEN FRESH DREEZES | LIGHTNING | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168418 | |
| 1767-08-18T14:00 | 42.63 | -30.47 | 230 | 1.0 | LIZARD | N67E | 378 | S29W | 62.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -18 | WNW, NW, WSW | FRESH BREEZES, LITTLE WIND, MODERATE THEN LIGHT AIRS | CLOUDY THEN HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168419 | |||
| 1767-08-19T14:00 | 42.67 | -33.40 | 343 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N69:28E | 415 | N89W | 127.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -17 | SSW, WBN, N | LIGHT BREEZES THEN FRESH BREEZES | RAIN | HAZY THEN CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168420 | ||
| 1767-08-20T14:00 | 42.45 | -34.45 | 346 | 1.0 | LIZARD | N69:37E | 430 | S74W | 45.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -14 | NNW, NBW, N | MODERATE THEN LIGHT AIRS | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168421 | |||
| 1767-08-21T14:00 | 42.98 | -36.47 | 118 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N72E | 452 | N70W | 92.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -17 | EBS, WSW, SE | LIGHT AIRS, MODERATE, FRERSH GALES AND LITTLE WINDS | RAIN | CLOUDY AND HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168422 | ||
| 1767-08-22T15:00 | 43.77 | -37.83 | 242 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N74:28E | 462 | N52W | 77.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -17 | WNW, W, WBS | MODERATE, FRESH BREEZES, THEN FRESH GALES | RAIN | SWELL FROM SW | CLOUDY, FOGGY THEN HAZY | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168423 | |
| 1767-08-23T15:00 | 43.87 | -40.68 | 118 | 6.7 | LIZARD | N75:54E | 500 | N87W | 123.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -17 | ENE, SE | FRESH GALES, LIGHT AIRS, THEN MODERATE BREEZES | CLOUDY AND HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168424 | |||
| 1767-08-25T15:00 | 43.95 | -45.20 | 298 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N77:36E | 559 | N88W | 123.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -17 | SE, SSW, NW | MODERATE THE FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168426 | |||
| 1767-08-26T15:00 | 43.33 | -45.85 | 242 | 9.3 | LIZARD | N76:39E | 573 | S37W | 47.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -17 | NW, NNW, WBS | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, MODERATE, THEN FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168427 | |||
| 1767-08-27T15:00 | 44.30 | -46.50 | 253 | 19.0 | LIZARD | N78:37E | 573 | N26W | 65.00 | YEAR WAS 1768, BUT DID NOT COINCIDE WITH THE DAY OF THE WEEK | -17 | WBN, WBS, W | FRESH BREEZES, THEN FRESH GALES | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 168428 |