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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Margaretha Simonette cruise from Nieuwediep to Batavia started at 1847-08-26 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.746812, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -6.542243 * Median Longitude: 19.072523 * South-bound Latitude: -39.880000 * West-bound Longitude: -28.880000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.400000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1847-08-26T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1847-12-12T05:00:00
Event(s):
Margaretha_Simonette_18470826_M_REIS_39_P159-183 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1847-08-26T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1847-12-12T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Margaretha Simonette, Voyage: Nieuwediep - Batavia, 1st Observer: F.J. Hoffman
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
11 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
12 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
13 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
17 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
18 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
19 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
20 Present weatherwwWeather description
21 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
22 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
23 Cloud typeCloud type
24 ClearnessClearness
25 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
26 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
27 FogFog1 If fog was reported
28 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
29 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
30 HailHail1 If hail was reported
31 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
32 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2291 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
11 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
12 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
13 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
14 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
17 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
18 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
19 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
20 
ww
(Weather description)
21 
Precip descr
22 
State sea descr
23 
Cloud type
24 
Clearness
25 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
26 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
27 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
28 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
29 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
30 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
31 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
32 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1847-08-26T00:002252.61VM82ZW2H000000000159903
1847-08-27T12:0052.403.352956.71VM8-204NW4W20V06H010100000159904
1847-08-28T12:0051.782.122936.71012.618.91VM8-22466.0029.90NW4V00H010000000159905
1847-08-29T12:0050.450.302829.31009.217.81VM8-22564.0029.80NWTW5V03, V00, V040000000159906
1847-08-30T12:0050.35-1.032489.31005.817.81VM8-22564.0029.70W5W00V04, V101000000159907
1847-08-31T12:0050.38-2.3029315.41VM8-227NW7Z00V050000000159908
1847-09-01T12:0050.22-2.8024512.31005.815.61VM8-25660.0029.70W6W00W20V06H001100000159909
1847-09-02T12:0049.53-3.923359.31005.815.01VM8-2559.0029.70N6-5V03H000000000159910
1847-09-03T12:0049.32-5.452009.31005.815.0VM8-25559.0029.70ZW5V10, V050000000159911
1847-09-04T12:0047.92-5.873589.3VM8-255NNO5H000000000159912
1847-09-05T12:0046.25-7.40226.71009.215.6VM8-23460.0029.80NO4H000000000159913
1847-09-06T13:0044.82-9.30109.31012.616.1VM8-24561.0029.90NOTN5V040000000159914
1847-09-07T13:0042.88-11.30109.31012.617.2VM8-24563.0029.90NOTN5V000000000159915
1847-09-08T13:0040.52-13.322916.71009.218.3VM8-24465.0029.80NW4V030000000159916
1847-09-09T13:0038.25-14.153149.31012.618.9VM8-24566.0029.90NNW5V100000000159917
1847-09-10T13:0035.65-15.232036.71002.420.0VM8-22468.0029.60ZW4W20V03, V00, V100100000159918
1847-09-11T13:0033.55-15.251816.71002.421.1VM8-22470.0029.60ZZW4V00, V040000000159919
1847-09-12T13:0033.40-16.532931.01009.222.2VM8-22172.0029.80NWSTILV040000000159920
1847-09-13T13:0033.37-16.20236.71012.622.2VM8-22472.0029.90NO4V000000000159921
1847-09-14T13:0032.58-17.77469.31016.022.8MADERAVM8-22573.0030.00ONO5V04H010000000159922
1847-09-15T13:0029.88-18.7029.31016.022.8VM8-21573.0030.00NNO5V05, V040000000159923
1847-09-16T13:0026.63-20.22259.31012.622.8VM8-20573.0029.90NO5V00H010000000159924
1847-09-17T13:0023.65-21.8339.31012.622.8VM8-20573.0029.90NNO5H020000000159925
1847-09-18T14:0020.57-23.7059.31009.223.3VM8-18574.0029.80NNO5V040000000159926
1847-09-19T14:0017.90-25.5256.71005.824.4VM8-18476.0029.70NNO4H000000000159927
1847-09-20T14:0015.55-26.032082.61005.826.1VM8-17279.0029.70ZW2V040000000159928
1847-09-21T14:0015.07-25.73732.61005.826.1VM8-17279.0029.70O2H000000000159929
1847-09-22T14:0014.37-25.97739.31002.427.8VM8-17582.0029.60O5V00, V040000000159930
1847-09-23T14:0012.27-26.10741.01005.827.8VM8-16182.0029.70Z-O1W00W201100000159931
1847-09-24T14:0011.13-27.222092.61005.827.8VM8-16282.0029.70ZW2W20V10, V060100000159932
1847-09-25T14:0010.70-26.933622.61005.826.7VM8-16280.0029.70VARIABEL2W00W20OPWL. ZO, V061100000159933
1847-09-26T14:0010.03-26.330.01005.826.1VM8-1679.0029.70STILV000000000159934
1847-09-27T14:009.67-25.737VM8-16NNOV040000000159935
1847-09-28T14:009.48-25.4874.61005.827.8VM8-16382.0029.70NNO3V100000000159936
1847-09-29T14:008.72-25.001984.61005.827.8VM8-16382.0029.70ZWTZ3W20V100100000159937
1847-09-30T14:008.35-24.302092.61005.827.8VM8-16282.0029.70ZW2W00W201100000159938
1847-10-01T14:007.48-24.722106.71005.827.8VM8-15482.0029.70NW-W-ZW4W20V100100000159939
1847-10-02T14:005.93-23.331656.71005.827.2VM8-15481.0029.70ZS00 O4W00V061000000159940
1847-10-03T13:004.60-21.831524.61005.830.0VM8-17386.0029.70ZTO3V00, V040000000159941
1847-10-04T13:004.47-18.932084.61005.826.1VM8-17379.0029.70ZW3V04, V100000000159942
1847-10-05T13:003.67-18.721526.71005.826.1VM8-17479.0029.70ZTO4V03, V00, V040000000159943
1847-10-06T13:002.63-18.031416.71005.826.1VM8-17479.0029.70ZZO4V000000000159944
1847-10-07T13:001.30-19.501186.7VM8-174ZO4V040000000159945
1847-10-08T13:00-0.07-21.371189.31005.825.0VM8-17577.0029.70ZO5V03, V00, V040000000159946
1847-10-09T14:00-2.17-22.801209.31005.825.6VM8-15578.0029.70ZO5V000000000159947
1847-10-10T14:00-4.57-24.32999.31009.225.6VM8-14578.0029.80OZO5V040000000159948
1847-10-11T14:00-7.55-25.78769.31009.225.6VM8-14578.0029.80O5V040000000159949
1847-10-12T14:00-10.17-26.92769.31009.225.6VM8-14578.0029.80O5W00V04, V101000000159950
1847-10-13T14:00-14.17-28.07919.31009.225.6VM8-10578.0029.80OTZ5V040000000159951
1847-10-14T14:00-17.52-28.75709.31009.225.6VM8-9578.0029.80OTN5V040000000159952
1847-10-15T14:00-20.72-28.88709.31012.626.1TRINIDADVM8-9579.0029.90OTN5V03, V00, V040000000159953
1847-10-16T14:00-23.90-28.23609.31016.024.4VM8-8576.0030.00ONO5V00, V040000000159954
1847-10-17T14:00-27.18-27.003499.31019.423.9VM8-11575.0030.10N5V00, V040000000159955
1847-10-18T14:00-29.67-25.203509.31016.022.2VM8-10572.0030.00N5V00, V040000000159956
1847-10-19T14:00-31.23-22.92139.31012.622.2VM8-10572.0029.90NNOS00 W5V040000000159957
1847-10-20T13:00-32.90-19.07119.31012.621.1VM8-12570.0029.90NNO5V010000000159958
1847-10-21T13:00-34.37-15.1889.31009.220.0VM8-15568.0029.80NNO5V00, V040000000159959
1847-10-22T13:00-36.25-11.6234215.41005.818.9VM8-18766.0029.70N7Z01V050000000159960
1847-10-23T13:00-37.60-8.053216.7999.117.2VM8-17463.0029.50NNW4W20V050100000159961
1847-10-24T12:00-37.93-3.973069.31002.416.7VM8-20562.0029.60NWTN5V00, V050000000159962
1847-10-25T12:00-37.92-1.652146.71005.816.1VM8-22461.0029.70ZWTWS014V00, V050000000159963
1847-10-26T12:00-38.082.432266.71005.814.4VM8-22458.0029.70WZW4H000000000159964
1847-10-27T12:00-38.285.052686.71016.015.0VM8-25459.0030.00WNW4V00, V040000000159965
1847-10-28T11:00-38.188.3326612.31016.015.6VM8-27660.0030.00WNW6W20V100100000159966
1847-10-29T11:00-38.3312.5710612.31002.415.6VM8-29660.0029.60ZO6W20V100100000159967
1847-10-30T11:00-37.7816.6210615.41005.814.4VM8-29758.0029.70ZO7Z00V100000000159968
1847-10-31T11:00-36.9218.73849.31016.014.4VM8-29558.0030.00OZO5V00H000000000159969
1847-11-01T11:00-37.9218.231956.71012.616.7VM8-30462.0029.90ZW4V00, V040000000159970
1847-11-02T11:00-37.7820.4520612.3995.717.2VM8-30663.0029.40ZWTW6W00V04, V001000000159971
1847-11-03T10:00-38.3723.871509.31005.816.1VM8-3061.0029.70Z2-5W00V041000000159972
1847-11-04T10:00-38.1225.071056.7VM8-304ZO4V040000000159973
1847-11-05T10:00-36.8729.431066.71019.416.1VM8-29461.0030.10ZO4V040000000159974
1847-11-06T10:00-36.4330.32729.31019.417.8VM8-29564.0030.10OTZ5V04, V010000000159975
1847-11-07T10:00-37.1731.081612.31016.018.3VM8-29665.0030.00NO6V040000000159976
1847-11-08T10:00-38.7833.1830712.31002.416.7VM8-31662.0029.60NNW6W33V050000100159977
1847-11-09T10:00-39.8037.2821712.3992.318.3VM8-3165.0029.30WZW7-6W01V03, V00, V041000000159978
1847-11-10T09:00-39.5042.0828515.41009.216.1VM8-30761.0029.80NW7W00V05, V111000000159979
1847-11-11T09:00-39.4046.381969.3992.315.6VM8-29560.0029.30ZW5V03, V040000000159980
1847-11-12T09:00-39.8850.733629.31005.812.2VM8-28554.0029.70VARIABEL5W00V01, V101000000159981
1847-11-13T08:00-39.7053.752669.31005.814.4VM8-27558.0029.70WNWS01 ZW5V040000000159982
1847-11-14T08:00-39.2059.3031212.31005.816.7VM8-26662.0029.70NNW6V05H010000000159983
1847-11-15T08:00-39.7363.8829012.3999.116.7VM8-2562.0029.50NW7-6V040000000159984
1847-11-16T07:00-39.1069.032696.7995.716.7VM8-24462.0029.40WNW4W20V050100000159985
1847-11-17T07:00-38.3871.652016.7995.715.6VM8-24460.0029.40ZW4V100000000159986
1847-11-18T07:00-38.9375.222259.31002.414.4VM8-23558.0029.60WZW5V00, V04, V100000000159987
1847-11-19T07:00-38.6878.302719.31009.214.4ST PAULUSVM8-22558.0029.80WNW5V040000000159988
1847-11-20T07:00-37.5281.722719.31009.215.6VM8-22560.0029.80WNW5V00, V04, V010000000159989
1847-11-21T06:00-35.8585.182779.31012.615.6VM8-16560.0029.90WNW5W20V050100000159990
1847-11-22T06:00-34.4789.202799.31009.216.7VM8-14562.0029.80WNW5V040000000159991
1847-11-23T06:00-32.8392.731221.01012.617.8VM8-13164.0029.90ZO1H000000000159992
1847-11-24T06:00-31.8893.932604.61012.618.9VM8-10366.0029.90W3V040000000159993
1847-11-25T06:00-31.2894.82809.31012.6VM8-1029.90O4-5V040000000159994
1847-11-26T06:00-29.3596.121039.31012.620.0VM8-10568.0029.90OZO5W00V10, V041000000159995
1847-11-27T06:00-26.5797.351069.31012.621.1VM8-7570.0029.90OZO5W00V041000000159996
1847-11-28T05:00-24.2899.051079.31005.822.2VM8-6572.0029.70OZO5V03H000000000159997
1847-11-29T05:00-22.28100.431204.61005.823.9VM8-4375.0029.70ZOTO3H000000000159998
1847-11-30T05:00-20.62101.231319.31005.824.4VM8-4576.0029.70ZO5V040000000160000
1847-12-01T05:00-19.42101.981099.31005.825.6VM8-4578.0029.70OZO5V040000000160001
1847-12-02T05:00-16.05103.251119.31002.425.6VM8-2578.0029.60OZO5W00V041000000160002
1847-12-03T05:00-12.90104.15886.71002.426.7VM8-2480.0029.60O4W00V041000000160003
1847-12-04T05:00-10.38104.13684.61002.427.2VM80381.0029.60ONO3W20V110100000160004
1847-12-05T05:00-8.55104.57346.71002.427.8VM80482.0029.60NW-NOTN4V100000000160005
1847-12-06T05:00-7.88105.473159.31002.428.3VM80583.0029.60NW5W20V060100000160006
1847-12-07T05:00-8.12104.833156.71002.427.8VM80482.0029.60NWS00 W4W00W20V041100000160007
1847-12-08T05:00-8.17104.483496.7999.127.2VM80481.0029.50NTW4W00, W01W201100000160008
1847-12-09T05:00-8.82103.303389.3999.127.8VM80582.0029.50NNW5V06, V030000000160009
1847-12-10T05:00-7.17104.70466.7999.127.8VM81482.0029.50NO4V050000000160010
1847-12-11T00:00DWARS IN DE WEGNWVM80000000160011
1847-12-12T05:00-6.10106.861VM810000000160012