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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during HEROINE cruise from Trincomalee to Madras started at 1794-10-28 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.746582, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -7.300968 * Median Longitude: 86.082419 * South-bound Latitude: -28.320000 * West-bound Longitude: 73.350000 * North-bound Latitude: 13.480000 * East-bound Longitude: 92.250000
Date/Time Start: 1794-10-28T06:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1794-12-28T07:00:00
Event(s):
Heroine_17941028_NMM_ADM/L/H145 * Latitude Start: 12.100000 * Longitude Start: 80.500000 * Latitude End: 12.100000 * Longitude End: 80.500000 * Date/Time Start: 1794-10-28T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1794-12-28T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Heroine (5th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Madras - Madras, 1st Observer: George Thomas Wingate (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 38G 779BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
14 Current speed descriptionV descr
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Present weatherwwWeather description
17 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
19 ClearnessClearness
20 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
21 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
22 FogFog1 If fog was reported
23 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
24 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25 HailHail1 If hail was reported
26 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27 CommentComment
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1205 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
14 
V descr
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
ww
(Weather description)
17 
Precip descr
18 
State sea descr
19 
Clearness
20 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
21 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
22 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
23 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
24 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
25 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
26 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
27 
Comment
28 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1794-10-28T06:006.7584.171826.7PORT AUROS21W123S73E125.002SMODERATE, SQUALLY, AM MODERATEHEAVY RAINCLOUDY0100000110923
1794-10-29T06:005.8286.481826.7PORT AUROS43W132S68E149.002SMODERATECLOUDY, AM CLEAR0000000110924
1794-10-30T06:005.1586.952386.7POLBEREIRAS31W367S33E48.002SWBWMODERATECLOUDY0000000110925
1794-10-31T06:003.7888.222272.6POLBEREIRAS38W349S43E111.002SWS1LIGHT WINDSCLEAR0000000110926
1794-11-01T06:001.7588.822726.7POLBEREIRAS44W326S16E126.002WS0.75MODERATECLEAR0000000110927
1794-11-02T06:000.0289.152386.7POLBEREIRAS50W308S11E106.002SWBWS1MODERATECLOUDY0000000110928
1794-11-03T06:00-0.9289.60227POLBEREIRAS54W303S26W21.002SWMODERATE, SQUALLYRAINCLOUDY0100000110929
1794-11-04T06:00-2.2590.072726.7POLBEREIRAS59W295S19E86.002WMODERATE AND SQUALLYRAINCLOUDY0100000a trivial correction was made in this observation110930
1794-11-05T06:00-2.5590.951816.7APALURIAS25W160S72E60.001SMODERATECLOUDY0000000110931
1794-11-06T06:00-2.0290.683626.7APALURIAS22W167N27W36.002VARIABLEMODERATECLOUDY0000000110932
1794-11-07T06:00-2.1790.101821.0POLBEREIRAS58W297S75W36.002SMODERATE, AM LIGHT AIRSAT 6 UNSETTLEDAT 6 HEAVY RAINCLOUDY, AM HAZY0100000110933
1794-11-08T06:00-2.2589.271821.0POLBEREIRAS57W282S84W49.002SMODERATE, NOON LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000110934
1794-11-09T06:00-1.9888.971821.0POLBEREIRAS56W283N49W24.002SLIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM0000000110935
1794-11-10T06:00-3.0388.882826.7APALURIAS11W138S4W62.001WBNLIGHT WINDS, AM SQUALLY, MODERATEAT 6 RAINCLEAR0100000110936
1794-11-11T06:00-4.8888.882716.7APALURIAS15W102S113.001WSQUALLY, MODERATERAINCLOUDY0100000110937
1794-11-12T06:00-5.5288.732606.7APALURIAS14W88S12W39.001WBSMODERATE, SQUALLY, AM MODERATEAM RAINCLOUDY0100000110938
1794-11-13T06:00-5.8788.202711.0APALURIAS10W79S56W38.001E, WMODERATE, AM LIGHT AIRS AND CALMSCLOUDY0000000110939
1794-11-14T06:00-7.2387.53916.7APALURIAS51S25W93.001EMODERATECLOUDY0000000110940
1794-11-15T06:00-8.5286.351356.7MAURITIUSS66W577S42W104.000SEMODERATECLOUDY0000000110941
1794-11-16T06:00-10.1784.971356.7MAURITIUSS68W539S39W129.000SEMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZES, NOON MODERATECLOUDY0000000110942
1794-11-17T06:00-12.0783.121136.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES39W1233S46W157.000ESEMODERATECLOUDY0000000110943
1794-11-18T07:00-12.5781.871116.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES69W1201S41W111.00-2ESEMODERATECLEAR0000000110944
1794-11-19T07:00-14.8280.401336.7RODRIGUESS72W315S45W120.00-2SEMODERATE, FRESH BREEZES, NOON MODERATECLOUDY0000000110945
1794-11-20T07:00-16.6078.551339.3RODRIGUESS77W273S45W157.00-2SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000110946
1794-11-21T07:00-18.8075.1784MAURITIUSS85W334S39W174.00-6EMODERATE, FRESH BREEZES, SQUALLYRAINCLOUDY0100000110947
1794-11-22T07:00-21.3373.351296.7MAURITIUSN85W297S34W181.00-6SEMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZES, NOON MODERATECLOUDY, NOON CLEAR0000000110948
1794-11-23T07:00-23.5874.53879.3ROMEIRAS CASTILHAMOSS19E98S7W136.00-9E1/2SFRESH BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY, AM CLEAR0000000110949
1794-11-24T07:00-24.9076.00476.7ROMEIRAS CASTILHAMOSS67S48E119.00-9NEBEMODERATECLEAR0000000110950
1794-11-25T07:00-25.3776.88596.7COCOS ISLANDSN59E529S62E61.00-9ENELIGHT AIRS, AM MODERATE, FRESH BREEZES, NOON MODERATEAM RAINCLEAR, AM CLOUDY0100000110951
1794-11-26T07:00-24.9577.901831.0CLOATS ISLANDN79E336N68E66.00-8SBWMODERATE, AM LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS, NOON LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000110952
1794-11-27T07:00-25.1578.87371.0CLOATS ISLANDN78E324S78E60.00-8NEMODERATE, FRESH BREEZES, AM LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000110953
1794-11-28T07:00-26.2280.07376.7CHRISTMAS ISLANDN58E583S49E97.00-8NEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000110954
1794-11-29T07:00-27.0880.27822.6COCON50E480S11E53.00-8ELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000110955
1794-11-30T07:00-28.1880.73686.7COCON47E480S23E71.00-11EBNLIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, AM MODERATEAM CLEAR0000000110956
1794-12-01T07:00-28.3282.27126.7CLOATS ISLANDN59E255S83E81.00-11NNEMODERATE BREEZESSWELL FROM SWCLOUDY0000000110957
1794-12-02T06:00-27.1883.323319.3CLOATS ISLANDN62E234N40E88.00-7NNWMODERATE, NOON FRESH BREEZESCLEAR, AM CLOUDY, NOON CLEAR0000000110958
1794-12-03T06:00-24.6585.623629.3COCON45E367N39E195.00-7VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLEAR, AM CLOUDY0000000110959
1794-12-04T06:00-22.1787.801206.7APALURIAN5E248N39E192.00-4SEBEMODERATECLOUDY0000000110960
1794-12-05T06:00-19.7888.871206.7APALURIAN200N23E155.00-4SEBEMODERATECLEAR, AM CLOUDY0000000110961
1794-12-06T06:00-17.9889.831206.7APALURIAN6W165N26E120.00-4SEBEMODERATECLEAR0000000110962
1794-12-07T06:00-15.5890.08992.6APALURIAN11W118N6E145.00-2EBSMODERATE, NOON LIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000110963
1794-12-08T06:00-12.6790.401119.3APALURIAN27W65N6E176.00-2ESEMODERATE, FRESH BREEZESAM RAINCLOUDY0100000110964
1794-12-09T06:00-9.9390.00849.3DONNA HEAD, CEYLONN25W345N8W166.000E1/2NMODERATE, FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000110965
1794-12-10T06:00-8.3588.923622.6DONNA HEAD, CEYLONN26W305N34W114.000VARIABLEMODERATE, AM LIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY, AM CLEAR0000000110966
1794-12-11T06:00-7.8589.423626.7DONNA HEAD, CEYLONN26W303N45W43.000VARIABLELIGHT AIRS, AM MODERATE, SQUALLY, LIGHT AIRS, MODERATERAINCLOUDY0100000110967
1794-12-12T06:00-5.2390.55294DONNA HEAD, CEYLONN35W269N24E167.001WNWMODERATE, HEAVY SQUALL, MODERATE, AM SQUALLYUNSETTLEDRAIN0100000110968
1794-12-13T06:00-2.7891.752829.3AURA ROCKSN66W62N26E164.001WBNFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY, AM FRESH BREEZESPM RAINAM CLOUDY0100000110969
1794-12-14T06:00-0.1592.032839.3BALE OF CATTON ROCKN41W146N6E160.002WBNMODERATE BREEZES, SQUALLY, MODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYUNSETTLEDRAINCLOUDY0100000110970
1794-12-15T06:001.1892.252832.6PULO AURON28E19N8E82.002WBNMODERATE, AM LIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000110971
1794-12-16T06:002.3292.153621.0MADRASN44W301N5W68.002VARIABLELIGHT AIRS, AM LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS0000000110972
1794-12-17T06:003.5092.152956.7ACHEEN HEADN64E85N74.002WNWCALM, AM FRESH BREEZES, LIGHT BREEZES, NOON MODERATEAM RAINCLOUDY0100000110973
1794-12-18T06:003.9591.603566.7DONNA HEADN80W210N51W42.002N1/2WMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000110974
1794-12-19T06:004.0391.10131.0DONNA HEADN80W193N80W31.002VARIABLE, NBEMODERATE BREEZES, AM CALM, NOON LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000110975
1794-12-20T06:004.1890.283511.0DONNA HEADN79W166N79W49.002NBWWNW1LIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000110976
1794-12-21T06:004.6289.253621.0GREAT BASSASN77W134N67W66.002VARIABLEWNW1LIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000110977
1794-12-22T06:004.9087.973511.0BALE OF CATTONN64W26N76W68.002NBWLIGHT AIRSCLEAR, AM HAZY0000000110978
1794-12-23T06:005.3787.323626.7BALE OF CATTONN79W11N53W47.002VARIABLEMODERATE, SQUALLY, CALM, AM MODERATE BREEZESPM RAINCLOUDY0100000110979
1794-12-24T06:007.0386.45506.7TRINCOMALEEN69W85N27W112.002NE1/4EMODERATE BREEZES, AM MODERATEAM RAINCLEAR, CLOUDY, AM CLOUDY0100000110980
1794-12-25T06:009.0385.00479.3MADRASN43W110N35W146.002NEMODERATE BREEZES, AM SQUALLY, MODERATE, NOON FRESH BREEZESAM RAINCLOUDY0100000110981
1794-12-26T06:0011.0883.50369.3MADRASN46W58N35W150.002NEBNFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY, AM CLEAR, NOON CLOUDY0000000110982
1794-12-27T07:0013.0081.73356.7MADRASN85W17N42W155.001NEBNMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000110983
1794-12-28T07:0013.4880.82466.7MADRASS38W10N76W121.001NEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000110984