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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during BELLONA cruise from Nieuwediep to Batavia started at 1839-10-01 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.746519, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -15.370000 * Median Longitude: 15.443247 * South-bound Latitude: -38.900000 * West-bound Longitude: -29.920000 * North-bound Latitude: 53.000000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1839-10-01T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-01-28T05:00:00
Event(s):
Bellona_18391001_17+_REIS_19 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1839-10-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1840-01-28T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Bellona (Fregat), Voyage: Nieuwediep - Batavia, 1st Observer: V.D. Ramhorst (Ltz. 1E Kl.), Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
11 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
12 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
13 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
14 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
15 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
18 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
19 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
20 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
21 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
22 FogFog1 If fog was reported
23 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
24 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25 HailHail1 If hail was reported
26 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1360 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
11 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
12 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
13 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
14 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
15 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
18 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
19 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
20 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
21 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
22 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
23 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
24 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
25 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
26 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
27 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1839-10-01T12:0053.004.701241.01014.017.2KIJKDUINNO 1/4 NKAMPERDUINZ 1/2 W1-22163.0029.94ZO, ZOTZ1000000029160
1839-10-02T12:0051.751.982026.71003.818.31-23465.0029.64ZO-ZW4000000029161
1839-10-03T12:0050.830.981571.01012.617.81-23164.0029.90NW, NO, Z1000000029162
1839-10-06T12:0049.52-5.8065996.016.7LW-2562.0029.41NO-OAFNEMEND000000029163
1839-10-10T13:0045.77-10.7826822.61012.615.0-25959.0029.90ZZW-WNW9000000029396
1839-10-13T13:0039.00-13.602699.31012.616.1-24561.0029.90WNW5000000029397
1839-10-23T14:0018.32-26.183912.31012.625.0-17677.0029.90NO, NOTO6000000029398
1839-10-24T14:0015.67-26.5811912.31005.826.1-16679.0029.70ONO, ZO6000000029399
1839-10-25T14:0013.92-26.539712.31010.627.2-16681.0029.84OZO6000000029400
1839-10-26T14:0011.22-25.425312.31014.627.8-15682.0029.96ONO6000000029401
1839-10-27T14:0010.20-23.45539.31011.627.8-15582.0029.87NO, ONO5000000029402
1839-10-29T13:007.98-22.071410.01012.626.7-17080.0029.90ZZO0000000029403
1839-10-30T13:007.23-21.302760.01012.626.7-17080.0029.90WNW0000000029404
1839-10-31T13:006.27-20.935115.41012.627.8-1782.0029.90ONOSOMS HARDE WIND000000029405
1839-11-01T13:005.00-20.070.01012.327.8-17082.0029.890000000029406
1839-11-02T13:004.78-20.380.01012.627.2-17081.0029.900000000029407
1839-11-03T13:004.53-20.450.01014.327.8-17082.0029.950000000029408
1839-11-04T13:004.38-20.2711812.31014.327.8-17682.0029.95O, OZO, ZO6000000029409
1839-11-05T13:002.93-21.1011812.31012.626.7-17680.0029.90ZZO, ZO6000000029410
1839-11-06T14:001.28-23.3212112.31012.627.2-14681.0029.90ZO6000000029411
1839-11-07T14:00-0.53-24.6712112.31014.327.2-14681.0029.95ZO6000000029412
1839-11-08T14:00-2.48-26.1812112.31014.327.2-14681.0029.95ZO6000000029413
1839-11-09T14:00-4.63-27.4312212.31015.026.7-13680.0029.97ZO6000000029414
1839-11-10T14:00-7.00-28.4512512.31015.026.7-10680.0029.97ZO6000000029415
1839-11-11T14:00-9.55-29.0712512.31009.226.1-10679.0029.80ZO6000000029416
1839-11-12T14:00-11.67-29.6012512.31010.926.1-10679.0029.85ZO6000000029417
1839-11-13T14:00-14.30-29.9212612.31015.026.7-9680.0029.97ZO6000000029418
1839-11-14T14:00-17.12-29.82811017.026.1-979.0030.03OTN, OONGESTADIG000000029419
1839-11-15T14:00-20.23-29.82939.31017.025.0-8577.0030.03OTZ5000000029420
1839-11-16T14:00-22.43-29.27601016.325.6-878.0030.01ONO000000029421
1839-11-17T14:00-25.02-28.033531016.024.4-776.0030.00N000000029422
1839-11-18T14:00-26.97-25.683501014.622.8-1073.0029.96N000000029423
1839-11-19T14:00-29.12-23.533061002.422.2-972.0029.60NW000000029424
1839-11-20T13:00-30.57-20.551919.3995.721.1-12570.0029.40ZZW5000000029425
1839-11-21T13:00-31.08-17.872589.31004.118.9-12566.0029.65W5000000029426
1839-11-22T13:00-31.68-15.222559.3985.219.4-15567.0029.09W5000000029427
1839-11-23T13:00-31.95-14.23750.0985.219.4-15067.0029.09O0000000029428
1839-11-24T13:00-32.52-14.671661.01024.521.1-14170.0030.25Z1000000029429
1839-11-25T13:00-34.32-13.38912.31016.719.4-14667.0030.02NNO6000000029430
1839-11-26T13:00-35.78-10.37612.31016.720.6-17669.0030.02NNO6000000029431
1839-11-27T12:00-36.35-6.8529512.31013.319.4-20667.0029.92NW6000000029432
1839-11-30T12:00-36.183.182239.31009.216.7-25562.0029.80WZW5000000029433
1839-12-01T11:00-35.887.531017.316.7-2762.0030.04000000029434
1839-12-02T11:00-36.1010.921319.31024.117.2-27563.0030.24ZZO5000000029435
1839-12-03T11:00-37.889.551329.31024.518.3-26565.0030.25ZZO5000000029436
1839-12-04T11:00-38.0011.6313212.31016.318.3-26665.0030.01ZZO6000000029437
1839-12-06T11:00-35.4018.002861.01016.319.4-29167.0030.01NW1000000029438
1839-12-07T11:00-35.6818.031171012.618.3TOT EN MET 22 DECEMBER 1839 IN DE SIMONS-BAAIJ-2965.0029.90ZOTZ000000029439
1839-12-23T11:00-34.5218.021749.31012.619.4-29567.0029.90ZZW5000000029440
1839-12-24T11:00-36.3719.0219612.31012.621.1-29670.0029.90ZW6000000029441
1839-12-25T10:00-38.3022.6226312.31015.320.0-30668.0029.98WNW6000000029442
1839-12-26T10:00-38.0325.871050.01010.921.1-30070.0029.85ZO0000000029443
1839-12-27T10:00-37.9825.936012.31006.521.1-30670.0029.72O6000000029444
1839-12-28T10:00-37.9829.4328412.31002.421.7-31671.0029.60NW6000000029445
1839-12-30T10:00-37.8235.1712712.31012.618.3-31665.0029.90ZZO6000000029446
1839-12-31T10:00-37.9035.121949.31016.018.3-31565.0030.00ZW5000000029447
1840-01-01T10:00-38.1037.3714912.31007.519.4-31667.0029.75Z6000000029448
1840-01-04T09:00-38.5049.1226512.31013.318.9-28666.0029.92WNW6000000029449
1840-01-05T09:00-38.5552.3026512.31016.020.6-28669.0030.00WNW6000000029450
1840-01-06T08:00-38.5057.3726612.31012.619.4-27667.0029.90WNW6000000029451
1840-01-07T08:00-38.2362.6015512.31009.219.4-25667.0029.80Z6000000029452
1840-01-08T08:00-38.0365.632012.31013.319.4-25667.0029.92NO6000000029453
1840-01-09T07:00-38.2869.333141003.818.9-2466.0029.64NNW000000029454
1840-01-10T07:00-38.9074.4722612.31010.617.8-23664.0029.84WZW6000000029455
1840-01-11T07:00-36.6879.8223212.31012.617.8-16664.0029.90WZW6000000029456
1840-01-14T06:00-34.6286.521431.01020.718.9-15166.0030.14ZZO1000000029457
1840-01-15T06:00-32.8089.231219.31021.120.0-14568.0030.15ZO5000000029458
1840-01-16T06:00-30.4092.001481020.019.4-1067.0030.12ZZO000000029459
1840-01-17T06:00-27.9594.63819.31020.019.4-9567.0030.12O5000000029460
1840-01-18T06:00-25.9396.68729.31019.422.8-7573.0030.10OTN5000000029461
1840-01-19T06:00-22.9396.681069.31017.722.8-7573.0030.05OZO5000000029462
1840-01-21T05:00-17.9098.981761.01009.225.0-4177.0029.80Z1000000029463
1840-01-24T05:00-11.12100.182251.0999.128.30183.0029.50ZW1000000029464
1840-01-25T05:00-9.18100.822259.3995.728.30583.0029.40ZW5000000029465
1840-01-26T05:00-7.72101.482259.3999.128.9TOT 30 MAART 1840 TE BATAVIA0584.0029.50ZW5000000029466
1840-01-27T05:00-7.33102.223169.3995.728.31583.0029.40NW5000000029467
1840-01-28T05:00-6.10106.8619.31002.428.911584.0029.60N5000000029468