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Haas, Christian; Gerland, Sebastian; Eicken, Hajo; Miller, Heinz (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4, ARK-XI/1, and ARK-XII [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.728415, Supplement to: Haas, C et al. (1997): Comparison of sea-ice thickness measurements under summer and winter conditions in the Arctic using a small electromagnetic induction device. Geophysics, 62(3), 749-757, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1444184

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Abstract:
Drillhole-determined sea-ice thickness was compared with values derived remotely using a portable small-offset loop-loop steady state electromagnetic (EM) induction device during expeditions to Fram Strait and the Siberian Arctic, under typical winter and summer conditions. Simple empirical transformation equations are derived to convert measured apparent conductivity into ice thickness. Despite the extreme seasonal differences in sea-ice properties as revealed by ice core analysis, the transformation equations vary little for winter and summer. Thus, the EM induction technique operated on the ice surface in the horizontal dipole mode yields accurate results within 5 to 10% of the drillhole determined thickness over level ice in both seasons. The robustness of the induction method with respect to seasonal extremes is attributed to the low salinity of brine or meltwater filling the extensive pore space in summer. Thus, the average bulk ice conductivity for summer multiyear sea ice derived according to Archie's law amounts to 23 mS/m compared to 3 mS/m for winter conditions. These mean conductivities cause only minor differences in the EM response, as is shown by means of 1-D modeling. However, under summer conditions the range of ice conductivities is wider. Along with the widespread occurrence of surface melt ponds and freshwater lenses underneath the ice, this causes greater scatter in the apparent conductivity/ice thickness relation. This can result in higher deviations between EM-derived and drillhole determined thicknesses in summer than in winter.
Project(s):
Remote Sensing of Sea Ice Properties (FEME)
Sea Ice Physics @ AWI (AWI_SeaIce)
Funding:
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), grant/award no. 03PLO18B: Remote Sensing of Sea Ice Properties
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 80.834819 * Median Longitude: 127.219880 * South-bound Latitude: 77.250000 * West-bound Longitude: 66.850000 * North-bound Latitude: 86.410000 * East-bound Longitude: 155.000000
Date/Time Start: 1993-09-03T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1996-09-05T00:00:00
Event(s):
Ark9_4_246p1 * Latitude: 79.650000 * Longitude: 130.550000 * Date/Time: 1993-09-03T00:00:00 * Location: Laptev Sea * Campaign: ARK-IX/4 (PS27) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Ice measurement (ICEM)
Ark9_4_251p1 * Latitude: 77.470000 * Longitude: 125.900000 * Date/Time: 1993-09-08T00:00:00 * Location: Laptev Sea * Campaign: ARK-IX/4 (PS27) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Ice measurement (ICEM)
Ark9_4_253p1 * Latitude: 77.730000 * Longitude: 125.760000 * Date/Time: 1993-09-10T00:00:00 * Location: Laptev Sea * Campaign: ARK-IX/4 (PS27) * Basis: Polarstern * Method/Device: Ice measurement (ICEM)
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
83 datasets

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Datasets listed in this publication series

  1. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_246p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125497
  2. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_251p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125498
  3. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_253p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125499
  4. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_254p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125500
  5. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_255p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125501
  6. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_256p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125502
  7. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_257p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125503
  8. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_258p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125504
  9. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_260p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125505
  10. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_261p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125506
  11. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Drill-hole ice and snow thickness measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-IX/4 in 1993 at ice floe station Ark9_4_264p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125507
  12. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_203p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125508
  13. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_205p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125509
  14. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_205p2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125510
  15. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_206p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125511
  16. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_207p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125512
  17. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_209p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125513
  18. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_210p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125514
  19. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_216p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125515
  20. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_219p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125516
  21. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_219p3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125517
  22. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_221p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125518
  23. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_228p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125519
  24. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_229p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125520
  25. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_230p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125521
  26. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_232p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125522
  27. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_232p2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125523
  28. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_233p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125524
  29. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_234p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125525
  30. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_235p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125526
  31. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_236p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125527
  32. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_237p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125528
  33. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_237p2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125529
  34. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_238p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125530
  35. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_239p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125531
  36. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_240p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125532
  37. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_241p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125533
  38. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_242p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125534
  39. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_243p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125535
  40. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XI/1 in 1995 at ice floe station Ark11_247p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125536
  41. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_207p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125010
  42. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_207p2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125011
  43. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_208p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125537
  44. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_209p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125013
  45. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_210p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125014
  46. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_212p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125015
  47. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_212p2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125016
  48. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_213p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125017
  49. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_214p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125018
  50. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_215p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125019
  51. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_216p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125020
  52. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_218p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125021
  53. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_219p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125022
  54. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_220p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125023
  55. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_221p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125024
  56. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_222p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125025
  57. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_223p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125026
  58. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_226p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125027
  59. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_227p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125028
  60. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_229p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125029
  61. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_230p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125030
  62. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_231p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125031
  63. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_232p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125032
  64. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_232p2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125033
  65. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_232p3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125034
  66. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_233p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125035
  67. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_234p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125036
  68. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_236p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125037
  69. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_236p2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125038
  70. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_238p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125039
  71. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_239p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125040
  72. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_240p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125041
  73. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_240p2. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125042
  74. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_240p3. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125043
  75. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_240p4. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125044
  76. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_240p5. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125045
  77. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_240p6. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125046
  78. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_240p7. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125047
  79. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_242p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125048
  80. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_243p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125049
  81. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_246p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125050
  82. Haas, C; Gerland, S; Eicken, H et al. (1997): Ground-based electromagnetic (EM) and drill-hole ice and snow thickness and melt pond depth measurements during Polarstern cruise ARK-XII in 1996 at ice floe station Ark12_247p1. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.125051
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