Yeats, Robert S; Forbes, Warren C; Scheidegger, Kenneth F; Heath, G Ross; van Andel, Tjeerd H (1973): Composition of Cretaceous basalts from DSDP Hole 16-163 [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.721056
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Abstract:
Basalt underlying early Campanian chalk at Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 163 is divided into seven extrusive cooling units bounded by glassy margins. The margins have dips of 15° to 70°, suggestive of pillow flows rather than tabular flows. The margins are fresh sideromelane (glass) grading inward to opaque and reddish-brown globules containing microcrystalline material with radial, undulose extinction. Relative to adjacent sideromelane, the reddish-brown globules are enriched in sodium and calcium, whereas the opaque globules are depleted in these elements and enriched in iron and magnesium. It appears that basalt just inside the pillow margins has differentiated in place into globules of two distinct compositions. This globule zone grades inward to less rapidly cooled pyroxene varioles and intergrowths of plagioclase and opaque minerals. In the center of the thicker cooling units, the texture is diabasic. Alteration and calcite vein abundance are greatest at pillow margins and decrease inward; the interior of the thickest cooling unit is only slightly altered, and calcite veins are absent.
Chemical analysis of whole rock by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and of sideromelane by electron microprobe, indicates that the rock is a slightly weathered tholeiite. The atomic absorption analyses, except the one nearest the top of the basalt, are relatively uniform and similar to the sideromelane microprobe analyses, including those near the top of the basalt. This suggests that deep penetration is not necessary to get through the severely altered layer at the basalt surface, and that within this altered layer, analyses of sideromelane may be more representative of crustal composition than analyses of whole rock.
Related to:
Yeats, Robert S; Forbes, Warren C; Scheidegger, Kenneth F; Heath, G Ross; van Andel, Tjeerd H (1973): Core from Cretaceous basalt, Central Equatorial Pacific, Leg 16, Deep Sea Drilling Project. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 84(3), 871-882, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1973)84%3C871:CFCBCE%3E2.0.CO;2
Project(s):
Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP)
Coverage:
Latitude: 11.244300 * Longitude: -150.292000
Date/Time Start: 1971-03-20T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1971-03-20T00:00:00
Event(s):
16-163 * Latitude: 11.244300 * Longitude: -150.292000 * Date/Time: 1971-03-20T00:00:00 * Elevation: -5320.0 m * Penetration: 294 m * Recovery: 150.2 m * Location: North Pacific/CONT RISE * Campaign: Leg16 * Basis: Glomar Challenger * Method/Device: Drilling/drill rig (DRILL) * Comment: 28 cores; 234 m cored; 0 m drilled; 64.2 % recovery
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
4 datasets
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Datasets listed in this publication series
- Yeats, RS; Forbes, WC; Scheidegger, KF et al. (1973): (Table 1) Microprobe analyses of glass and globules in pillow margins, DSDP Hole 16-163. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.721051
- Yeats, RS; Forbes, WC; Scheidegger, KF et al. (1973): (Table 2) Petrographic data from thin sections of basement rock, DSDP Hole 16-163. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.721053
- Yeats, RS; Forbes, WC; Scheidegger, KF et al. (1973): (Table 3) Representative electron microprobe analyses of minerals from specimen DSDP 16-163-29-4,67. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.721054
- Yeats, RS; Forbes, WC; Scheidegger, KF et al. (1973): (Table 4) Chemical composition of basalts from DSDP Hole 16-163. https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.721055