Agnini, Claudia; Fornaciari, Eliana; Raffi, Isabella; Rio, Domenico; Röhl, Ursula; Westerhold, Thomas (2007): Age estimations of calcareous nannofossil biohorizons of the middle Paleocene to early Eocene at ODP Site 208-1262 (Table 1, Appendix B) [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.691457, Supplement to: Agnini, C et al. (2007): High-resolution nannofossil biochronology of middle Paleocene to early Eocene at ODP Site 1262: Implications for calcareous nannoplankton evolution. Marine Micropaleontology, 64(3-4), 215-248, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2007.05.003
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Published: 2007 (exact date unknown) • DOI registered: 2008-05-23
Abstract:
Over the last several decades debates on the 'tempo and mode' of evolution have centered on the question whether morphological evolution preferentially occurs gradually or punctuated, i.e., with long periods of stasis alternating with short periods of rapid morphological change and generation of new species. Another major debate is focused on the question whether long-term evolution is driven by, or at least strongly influenced by changes in the environment, or by interaction with other life forms. Microfossils offer a unique opportunity to obtain the large datasets as well as the precision in dating of subsequent samples to study both these questions.We present high-resolution analyses of selected calcareous nannofossils from the deep-sea section recovered at ODP Site 1262 (Leg 208) in the South-eastern Atlantic. The studied section encompasses nannofossil Zones NP4–NP12 (equivalent to CP3–CP10) and Chrons C27r–C24n. We document more than 70 biohorizons occurring over an about 10 Myr time interval, (~62.5 Ma to ~52.5 Ma), and discuss their reliability and reproducibility with respect to previous data, thus providing an improved biostratigraphic framework, which we relate to magnetostratigraphic information, and present for two possible options of a new Paleocene stratigraphic framework based on cyclostratigraphy. This new framework enabled us to tentatively reconstruct steps in the evolution of early Paleogene calcareous nannoplankton through documentation of transitional morphotypes between genera and/or species and of the phylogenetic relations between the genera Fasciculithus, Heliolithus, Discoasteroides and Discoaster, as well as between Rhomboaster and Tribrachiatus. The exceptional record provided by the continuous, composite sequence recovered at Walvis Ridge allows us to describe the mode of evolution among calcareous nannoplankton: new genera and/or new species usually originated through branching of lineages via gradual, but relatively rapid, morphological transitions, as documented by the presence of intermediate forms between the end-member ancestral and descendant forms.
Significant modifications in the calcareous nannofossil assemblages are often “related” to significant changes in environmental conditions, but the appearance of structural innovations and radiations within a single genus also occurred during “stable” environmental conditions. These lines of evidence suggest that nannoplankton evolution is not always directly triggered by stressed environmental conditions but could be also driven by endogenous biotic control.
Project(s):
Ocean Drilling Program (ODP)
Coverage:
Latitude: -27.185833 * Longitude: 1.577000
Date/Time Start: 2003-03-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2003-03-29T00:00:00
Minimum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 106.65 m * Maximum DEPTH, sediment/rock: 201.04 m
Event(s):
208-1262 * Latitude: -27.185833 * Longitude: 1.577000 * Date/Time Start: 2003-03-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 2003-03-29T00:00:00 * Elevation: -4755.4 m * Penetration: 583.9 m * Recovery: 502.5 m * Location: Walvis Ridge, Southeast Atlantic Ocean * Campaign: Leg208 * Basis: Joides Resolution * Method/Device: Composite Core (COMPCORE) * Comment: 54 cores; 493.9 m cored; 90 m drilled; 101.7 % recovery
Comment:
Ages provided for three different solutions based on GPTS (Berggren et al., 1995; Lourens et al., 2004) and revised timescale (Westerhold et al., 2007 doi:10.1029/2006PA001322, Westerhold pers. communication)
Parameter(s):
# | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | DEPTH, sediment/rock | Depth sed | m | Geocode | ||
2 | Depth, top/min | Depth top | m | Agnini, Claudia | ||
3 | Depth, bottom/max | Depth bot | m | Agnini, Claudia | ||
4 | Depth, composite | Depth comp | mcd | Agnini, Claudia | ||
5 | Depth, composite top | Depth comp top | mcd | Agnini, Claudia | ||
6 | Depth, composite bottom | Depth comp bot | mcd | Agnini, Claudia | ||
7 | Sample code/label | Sample label | Agnini, Claudia | DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation | ||
8 | Sample code/label 2 | Sample label 2 | Agnini, Claudia | DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation | ||
9 | Ageprofile Datum Description | Ageprof dat des | Agnini, Claudia | LO = lowest occurrence, LCO = lowest common occurrence, LRO = lowest rare occurrence, HO = highest occurrence, HCO = highest common occurrence, CO = crossover | ||
10 | Nannofossil zone | Nannos zone | Agnini, Claudia | Nannofossil Zone; Martini, 1971 | ||
11 | Nannofossil zone | Nannos zone | Agnini, Claudia | Nannofossil Zone; Okada & Bukry, 1980 | ||
12 | Chronozone | Chronozone | Agnini, Claudia | Notation (Chron.% from TOP), GPTS (Cande and Kent, 1995; Lourens et al., 2004) | ||
13 | Chronozone | Chronozone | Agnini, Claudia | Notation (Chron. % from Top) Option 1 | ||
14 | Chronozone | Chronozone | Agnini, Claudia | Notation (Chron. % from Top) Option 2 | ||
15 | Age model | Age model | ka | Agnini, Claudia | GPTS (Cande and Kent, 1995; Lourens et al., 2004) | |
16 | Age, minimum/young | Age min | ka | Agnini, Claudia | Option 1 | |
17 | Age, minimum/young | Age min | ka | Agnini, Claudia | Option 2 | |
18 | Age, maximum/old | Age max | ka | Agnini, Claudia | Option 1 | |
19 | Age, maximum/old | Age max | ka | Agnini, Claudia | Option 2 | |
20 | Age model, optional | Age model opt | ka | Agnini, Claudia | Option 1 | |
21 | Age model, optional | Age model opt | ka | Agnini, Claudia | Option 2 | |
22 | Age, error | Age e | ± | Agnini, Claudia | Option 1 | |
23 | Age, error | Age e | ± | Agnini, Claudia | Option 2 | |
24 | Age, relative | Age rel | ka | Agnini, Claudia | Relative age to the PETM, Option 1 | |
25 | Age, relative | Age rel | ka | Agnini, Claudia | Relative age to the PETM, Option 2 |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
1676 data points