The article is an overview of postglacial vegetational and climate changes in northern Asia based on pollen records with reliable chronology. The presented pollen records demonstrate spatially and temporally coherent patterns of environmental changes. Open Artemisia and Poaceae-dominated communities were widely spread in northern Asia during the Lateglacial time. A significant increase of shrub pollen registered in a number of records may be correlated with the Bølling/Allerød warming occurred ca. 13,700 cal. yr BP. A followed increase in NAP contents reflects a cooling/drying of the Younger Dryas age. Many records show that the Lateglacial/Preboreal transition occurred at about 11,500 cal. yr BP and was characterized by a significant increase in birch, shrub alder and willow pollen. Records from geographically different sites demonstrate different patterns of vegetation changes connected with local environmental conditions and migration history of the arboreal species.