/* DATA DESCRIPTION: Citation: Afifa, Sehr; Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (2026): Sediment-to-tissue bioaccumulation factors and predator:detritivore concentration ratios for heavy metals at four Indus Basin barrages, Punjab, Pakistan [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.997465 Abstract: This dataset reports sediment-to-tissue bioaccumulation factors (BAF) and predator:detritivore concentration ratios (PD) for copper, cadmium, iron, lead, and arsenic in liver and dorsal muscle, calculated separately for each tissue, at four barrages on the Indus Basin river system in Punjab, Pakistan - Head Sulemanki, Taunsa Barrage, Head Punjnad, and Head Islam - sampled on 27 June 2026. BAF is the species-mean tissue concentration (wet mass) divided by the total sediment concentration (dry weight) at the same site; because the two are on different weight bases, these are concentration ratios rather than dry-weight- or organic-carbon-normalised BSAFs. PD is the piscivore Wallago attu concentration divided by the benthic detritivore Cirrhinus mrigala concentration at the same site and tissue, and replaces the source thesis's "trophic transfer factor" terminology: no stable-isotope or diet data exist to validate a trophic-position-based transfer factor, so the ratio is reported as a species contrast rather than as evidence of biomagnification. With one pooled specimen per species per site, no confidence interval can be attached to any value. Arsenic-based BAF and PD values are provisional: sediment arsenic concentrations (0.09–0.54 µg/g) lie one to two orders of magnitude below typical Indus/crustal background, and this low denominator drives the unusually large arsenic ratios; these should be confirmed against the original AAS worksheet before further use. All values are derived from the companion sediment and fish-tissue datasets in this collection and are reported as static figures, not live formulas. This dataset is derived from "Heavy Metal Speciation in Riverbed Sediments and Trophic Transfer to Benthic Fish at Selected Barrages of Punjab", a thesis by Afifa Sehr (24-CUVAS-0082), Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan (2026); original laboratory instrument files were not available for deposition. Related to: Afifa, Sehr (in prep.): Heavy Metal Speciation in Riverbed Sediments and Trophic Transfer to Benthic Fish at Selected Barrages of Punjab [thesis]. Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan [24-CUVAS-0082] Melake, Bealemlay Abebe; Endalew, Salie Mulat; Alamirew, Tamagnu Sintie; Temesegen, Liku Muche (2023): Bioaccumulation and Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factor of Metals and Metalloids in Edible Fish: A Systematic Review in Ethiopian Surface Waters. Environmental Health Insights, 17, 11786302231159349, https://doi.org/10.1177/11786302231159349 Naz, Saima; Chatha, Ahmad Manan Mustafa; Danabas, Durali; Khan, Muhammad Farhan; Xu, Youhou; Zhu, Peng; Shafique, Laiba (2023): Bioaccumulation Pattern and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Cirrhinus mrigala at Panjnad Headworks, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Toxics, 11(7), 596, https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11070596 Rind, Khalid Hussain; Aslam, Sonia; Memon, Nazakat Hussain; Raza, Asif; Saeed, Muhammad Qamar; Mushtaq, Alia; Ujan, Javed Ahmed; Habib, Syed Fahad; Al-Rejaie, Salim S; Mohany, Mohamed (2025): Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water, Sediment, and Fish Species in Chashma Barrage, Indus River: A Comprehensive Health Risk Assessment. Biological Trace Element Research, 203(4), 2226-2239, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-024-04290-6 References: DeForest, David K; Brix, Kevin V; Adams, William J (2007): Assessing metal bioaccumulation in aquatic environments: The inverse relationship between bioaccumulation factors, trophic transfer factors and exposure concentration. Aquatic Toxicology, 84(2), 236-246, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.02.022 Coverage: MEDIAN LATITUDE: 30.008333 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 71.987500 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 29.350000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 70.850000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 30.700000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 73.883333 DATE/TIME START: 2026-06-27T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2026-06-27T00:00:00 MINIMUM ELEVATION: 111.0 m * MAXIMUM ELEVATION: 161.0 m Event(s): Chenab-Sutlej_River_Head_Punjnad * LATITUDE: 29.350000 * LONGITUDE: 71.033333 * DATE/TIME: 2026-06-27T00:00:00 * ELEVATION: 111.0 m * LOCATION: Punjab, Pakistan * COMMENT: Sediment and fish samples were taken on this position/date. Coordinates converted (arc-minute precision, ~1.8 km). Elevation values are approximate. Indus_River_Taunsa_Barrage * LATITUDE: 30.700000 * LONGITUDE: 70.850000 * DATE/TIME: 2026-06-27T00:00:00 * ELEVATION: 161.0 m * LOCATION: Punjab, Pakistan * COMMENT: Sediment and fish samples were taken on this position/date. Coordinates converted (arc-minute precision, ~1.8 km). Elevation values are approximate. Sutlej_River_Head_Islam * LATITUDE: 29.683333 * LONGITUDE: 72.183333 * DATE/TIME: 2026-06-27T00:00:00 * ELEVATION: 138.0 m * LOCATION: Punjab, Pakistan * COMMENT: Sediment and fish samples were taken on this position/date. Coordinates converted (arc-minute precision, ~1.8 km). Elevation values are approximate. Sutlej_River_Head_Sulemanki * LATITUDE: 30.300000 * LONGITUDE: 73.883333 * DATE/TIME: 2026-06-27T00:00:00 * ELEVATION: 155.0 m * LOCATION: Punjab, Pakistan * COMMENT: Sediment and fish samples were taken on this position/date. Coordinates converted (arc-minute precision, ~1.8 km). Elevation values are approximate. Comment: Notes: DERIVED (BAF = tissue mean / sediment total at same site; PD = W.attu/C.mrigala at same site+tissue). Static values computed from the sediment and fish-tissue datasets, not live formulas. No CI possible, n=1 pooled specimen per species per site. Arsenic BAF/PD values are provisional — driven by a very low sediment arsenic denominator (0.09–0.54 µg/g, 1–2 orders of magnitude below typical Indus/crustal background); confirm against the original AAS worksheet. 'BAF' here is unnormalised tissue/sediment, not TOC-normalised BSAF. Parameter(s): Event label (Event) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) Latitude of event (Latitude) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) Longitude of event (Longitude) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) Date/Time of event (Date/Time) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) Elevation of event [m] (Elevation) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) District (District) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) Tissue type (Tissue type) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: tissue mean Cu / sediment total Cu, same site Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: tissue mean Cd / sediment total Cd, same site Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: tissue mean Fe / sediment total Fe, same site Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: tissue mean Pb / sediment total Pb, same site Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: tissue mean As / sediment total As, same site - provisional, see dataset notes Predator/Detrivore ratio (Predator/Detrivore) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: W. attu Cu / C. mrigala Cu, same site+tissue Predator/Detrivore ratio (Predator/Detrivore) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: W. attu Cd / C. mrigala Cd, same site+tissue Predator/Detrivore ratio (Predator/Detrivore) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: W. attu Fe / C. mrigala Fe, same site+tissue Predator/Detrivore ratio (Predator/Detrivore) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: W. attu Pb / C. mrigala Pb, same site+tissue Predator/Detrivore ratio (Predator/Detrivore) * PI: Qazi, Adnan Ahmad (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8446-8342, qaziadnanahmad@cuvas.edu.pk) * METHOD/DEVICE: Calculated * COMMENT: Calculated: W. attu As / C. mrigala As, same site+tissue - provisional, see dataset notes License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Status: Curation Level: Enhanced curation (URI: https://wiki.pangaea.de/wiki/Curation_levels) Size: 96 data points */ Event Latitude Longitude Date/Time Elevation [m] District Tissue type BAF (Calculated: tissue mean Cu / ...) BAF (Calculated: tissue mean Cd / ...) BAF (Calculated: tissue mean Fe / ...) BAF (Calculated: tissue mean Pb / ...) BAF (Calculated: tissue mean As / ...) Predator/Detrivore (Calculated: W. attu Cu / C. m...) Predator/Detrivore (Calculated: W. attu Cd / C. m...) Predator/Detrivore (Calculated: W. attu Fe / C. m...) Predator/Detrivore (Calculated: W. attu Pb / C. m...) Predator/Detrivore (Calculated: W. attu As / C. m...) Sutlej_River_Head_Sulemanki 30.3000 73.8833 2026-06-27 155 Okara Liver 0.144346431 0.771126761 0.019202577 0.083031674 48.79629630 0.368821293 0.288235294 0.080890337 2.136752137 0.084362140 Indus_River_Taunsa_Barrage 30.7000 70.8500 2026-06-27 161 Dera Ghazi Khan Liver 0.436728395 0.892966361 0.012273557 0.138181818 75.00000000 0.292237443 0.424390244 1.356376639 1.120930233 0.186224490 Chenab-Sutlej_River_Head_Punjnad 29.3500 71.0333 2026-06-27 111 Rahim Yar Khan Liver 0.363764045 0.549295775 0.086255323 0.101171875 97.88461538 1.140495868 3.936708861 0.836065574 15.531914890 0.192037471 Sutlej_River_Head_Islam 29.6833 72.1833 2026-06-27 138 Bahawalnagar Liver 1.236196319 0.813084112 0.038749182 0.315398551 251.66666670 1.166666667 0.023529412 0.433016422 12.290076340 0.164524422 Indus_River_Taunsa_Barrage 30.7000 70.8500 2026-06-27 161 Okara Dorsal muscle 0.222133119 0.169014085 0.003703561 0.040723982 8.62037037 2.929078014 0.411764706 0.488372093 1.168674699 21.707317070 Indus_River_Taunsa_Barrage 30.7000 70.8500 2026-06-27 161 Dera Ghazi Khan Dorsal muscle 0.320987654 0.053516820 0.002234942 0.246060606 17.64516129 0.677419355 0.944444444 0.216216216 2.690909091 44.583333330 Chenab-Sutlej_River_Head_Punjnad 29.3500 71.0333 2026-06-27 111 Rahim Yar Khan Dorsal muscle 0.511235955 0.183098592 0.016580593 0.051953125 31.76923077 3.439024390 0.111111111 0.978378378 22.470588240 25.645161290 Sutlej_River_Head_Islam 29.6833 72.1833 2026-06-27 138 Bahawalnagar Dorsal muscle 0.855828221 0.093457944 0.007572217 0.186413043 74.83333333 1.583333333 1.000000000 0.396551724 7.947826087 48.888888890