<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!--*** Generated from internal PANGAEA metadata schema by dif.xslt ***--><DIF xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.4.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/">
<Entry_ID>PANGAEA_996209</Entry_ID>
<Entry_Title>KOSMOS 2023 Helgoland mesocosm study on ocean alkalinity enhancement: phytoplankton and microzooplankton abundance and biomass data</Entry_Title>
<Data_Set_Citation>
<Dataset_Creator>Petric, Svetlana; Faucher, Giulia; Riebesell, Ulf</Dataset_Creator>
<Dataset_Title>KOSMOS 2023 Helgoland mesocosm study on ocean alkalinity enhancement: phytoplankton and microzooplankton abundance and biomass data</Dataset_Title>
<Dataset_Release_Date>2026-07-31</Dataset_Release_Date>
<Dataset_Publisher>PANGAEA</Dataset_Publisher>
<Data_Presentation_Form>Dataset</Data_Presentation_Form>
<Online_Resource>https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996209</Online_Resource>
</Data_Set_Citation>
<Personnel>
<Role>Investigator</Role>
<First_Name>Svetlana</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Petric</Last_Name>
<Email>spetric@geomar.de</Email>
</Personnel>
<Discipline>
<Discipline_Name>Earth Science</Discipline_Name>
</Discipline>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Type of study</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Event label</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Sample code/label</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>DATE/TIME</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Day of experiment</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Treatment: dilution type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Treatment</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Treatment: alkalinity, total</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Alkalinity, total</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Carbon, inorganic, dissolved</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>pH</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Fugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Salinity</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Temperature, water</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Species</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Species, unique identification</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Functional group</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cell</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Biomass as carbon per volume</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
<Keyword>Abundance</Keyword>
<Keyword>Biomass</Keyword>
<Keyword>ciliates</Keyword>
<Keyword>community composition</Keyword>
<Keyword>Community composition and diversity</Keyword>
<Keyword>diatoms</Keyword>
<Keyword>Dinoflagellates</Keyword>
<Keyword>enhancement</Keyword>
<Keyword>Field experiment</Keyword>
<Keyword>Helgoland</Keyword>
<Keyword>KOSMOS_2023</Keyword>
<Keyword>KOSMOS_2023_Mesocosm-M1</Keyword>
<Keyword>KOSMOS_2023_Mesocosm-M11</Keyword>
<Keyword>KOSMOS_2023_Mesocosm-M3</Keyword>
<Keyword>KOSMOS_2023_Mesocosm-M5</Keyword>
<Keyword>KOSMOS_2023_Mesocosm-M7</Keyword>
<Keyword>KOSMOS_2023_Mesocosm-M9</Keyword>
<Keyword>Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal (mCDR)</Keyword>
<Keyword>mesocosm</Keyword>
<Keyword>mesocosm experiment</Keyword>
<Keyword>Mesocosm experiment</Keyword>
<Keyword>mesocosm study</Keyword>
<Keyword>microscopy</Keyword>
<Keyword>microzooplankton</Keyword>
<Keyword>North Sea</Keyword>
<Keyword>ocean alkalinity enhancement</Keyword>
<Keyword>Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE)</Keyword>
<Keyword>Phytoplankton</Keyword>
<Keyword>Phytoplankton biomass</Keyword>
<Keyword>Phytoplankton bloom</Keyword>
<Keyword>spring bloom</Keyword>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Titration device, Metrohm, 862 Compact Titrosampler [with built-in PT1000 temperature sensor]</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Automated Infra Red Inorganic Carbon Analyzer (AIRICA), MARIANDA; coupled with Differential infrared gas analyzer, LI-COR Biosciences,  LI-7000</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Calculated using the CO2sys_v3.0 software (Pierrot et al. 2021)</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>CTD 60M multiparameter probe (Sea &amp; Sun Technology GmbH, Germany)</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Reference in WoRMS</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Calculated</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Microscopy</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Temporal_Coverage>
<Start_Date>2023-03-16</Start_Date>
<Stop_Date>2023-04-21</Stop_Date>
</Temporal_Coverage>
<Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
<Spatial_Coverage>
<Southernmost_Latitude>54.18330000000001</Southernmost_Latitude>
<Northernmost_Latitude>54.18330000000001</Northernmost_Latitude>
<Westernmost_Longitude>7.8999999999999995</Westernmost_Longitude>
<Easternmost_Longitude>7.8999999999999995</Easternmost_Longitude>
</Spatial_Coverage>
<Project>
<Short_Name>RETAKE</Short_Name>
<Long_Name>DAM CDRmare - RETAKE: CO2 removal by alkalinity enhancement: potential, benefits and risks</Long_Name>
</Project>
<Project>
<Short_Name>OceanAlkAlign</Short_Name>
<Long_Name>Ocean Alk-Align</Long_Name>
</Project>
<Project>
<Short_Name>CDRmare</Short_Name>
<Long_Name>Research Mission of the German Marine Research Alliance (DAM): Marine carbon sinks in decarbonisation pathways</Long_Name>
</Project>
<Access_Constraints>access rights needed</Access_Constraints>
<Use_Constraints>CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (License comes into effect after moratorium ends)</Use_Constraints>
<Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
<Data_Center>
<Data_Center_Name>
<Short_Name>PANGAEA</Short_Name>
<Long_Name>Data Publisher for Earth &amp; Environmental Science</Long_Name>
</Data_Center_Name>
<Data_Center_URL>https://www.pangaea.de/</Data_Center_URL>
<Personnel>
<Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
<First_Name>Michael</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Diepenbroek</Last_Name>
<Email>info@pangaea.de</Email>
<Contact_Address>
<Address>Leobener Str.</Address>
<City>Bremen</City>
<Province_or_State>Bremen</Province_or_State>
<Postal_Code>28359</Postal_Code>
<Country>Germany</Country>
</Contact_Address>
</Personnel>
</Data_Center>
<Distribution>
<Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
<Distribution_Size>58140 data points</Distribution_Size>
<Distribution_Format>text/tab-separated-values</Distribution_Format>
</Distribution>
<Summary>This dataset contains species-resolved phytoplankton and microzooplankton abundance and biomass data from the KOSMOS 2023 Helgoland mesocosm experiment conducted in the coastal waters off Helgoland Island in the North Sea, Germany. The experiment investigated the effects of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (OAE) on plankton communities during the development of a natural spring bloom. Six mesocosms (~6 m³) were subjected to an immediate dilution OAE scenario, establishing an alkalinity enhancement gradient ranging from ΔTA 0 to 1250 µmol kg⁻¹ in increments of 250 µmol kg⁻¹ through calcium-based alkalinity addition. The dataset includes taxonomically resolved phytoplankton and microzooplankton abundance (cells mL⁻¹), carbon biomass (µg C L⁻¹), functional group classifications, and World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) taxonomic identifiers. Associated carbonate chemistry measurements, including total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), pH, fugacity of carbon dioxide (fCO₂), salinity, temperature, and calculated ΔTA values are provided for each sampling event. ** For all details see the full metadata description at "https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996209"!</Summary>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601</URL>
<Description>DATE/TIME</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://invabio.wdc-mare.org/mesocubi.jpg</URL>
<Description>Mesocosm experiment</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://alkalign.ocean.dal.ca/</URL>
<Description>OceanAlkAlign</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://cdrmare.de/en/</URL>
<Description>CDRmare</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species</URL>
<Description>Species</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://github.com/dpierrot/co2sys_xl</URL>
<Description>Calculated using the CO2sys_v3.0 software (Pierrot et al. 2021)</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://retake.cdrmare.de/en/</URL>
<Description>RETAKE</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://www.marinespecies.org</URL>
<Description>Reference in WoRMS</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
<Metadata_Version>9.4</Metadata_Version>
<DIF_Creation_Date>2026-07-31</DIF_Creation_Date>
<Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2026-07-31</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
