https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996171Akabane, Thomas KThomas KAkabane0000-0003-1103-695XUniversity of São PauloDaniau, Anne-LaureAnne-LaureDaniau0000-0002-1621-3911University of Bordeaux, Francede Oliveira, Paulo EduardoPaulo Eduardode OliveiraUniversity of São PauloDuarte, Danilo SDanilo SDuarteUniversity of São PauloHanquiez, VincentVincentHanquiez0000-0002-4571-6892University of Bordeaux, FranceRomero-Ramirez, AliciaAliciaRomero-RamirezUniversity of Bordeaux, FranceQueffelec, AlainAlainQueffelecUniversity of Bordeaux, FranceCampos, Marília CMarília CCampos0000-0003-0059-9853University of São PauloMendes, Vinícius RibauVinícius RibauMendes0000-0003-1072-8292University of São PauloGeorget, MurielMurielGeorgetUniversity of Bordeaux, FranceChiessi, Cristiano MazurCristiano MazurChiessi0000-0003-3318-8022University of São PauloPANGAEA2026M125-95-3off eastern South AmericaPollenpollen countsSediment coreDEPTH, sediment/rockAGESample volumeLycopodium spores addedLycopodium spores countedPollen, totalJusticiaMendonciaAlismaEchinodorusAlternantheraAmaranthusGomphrenaAnacardiaceaeApiaceaeAllamanda-typeForsteroniaLacmelleaMalouetiaIlexSpathiphyllumScheffleraAraucariaArecaceaeAttaleaMauritiaAsteraceaeBegoniaHandroanthusCordiaHeliotropiumTournefortiaBrassicaceaeBromeliaceaeProtiumMelocactusCeltisCratevaCelastraceaePlenckiaSalaciaTontoleaHedyosmumLicaniaCleomeClusiaRoureaLamanoniaWeinmanniaCyperaceaeCuratellaSloaneaEricaceaeEriocaulaceaeAcalyphaAlchorneaChamaesyceEuphorbiaEuphorbiaceaeMaprouneaMicrandraMicrostachysSapiumSebastianiaSenefelderaTragiaBauhiniaCassiaChamaecristaDimorphandraTachigaliMimosaPiptadeniaSenegaliaBowdichiaCanavaliaCentrosemaCopaiferaDalbergia sp.DesmodiumDialiumErythrinaFabaceae undifferentiatedLecointea-typePlatymisciumProsopisStylosanthesHumiriaceaeLacistema-typeLamiaceaeEschweileraLentibulariaceaeLoranthaceaePassoviaCreneaCupheaByrsonimaMalpighiaceaeEriothecaHelicteresHeliocarpusMalvaceaePseudobombaxSidaTheobromaNoranteaMelastomataceaeCabraleaCedrelaTrichiliaAbutaCissampelosMoraceaeMyricaVirolaMyrtaceaeLudwigiaTurneraAmanoaHieronymaGallesiaPhyllanthusPiperNuttallanthusStemodiaPoaceaePodocarpusTristichaPolygalaPolygalaceaeSymmeriaPontederiaCybianthusMyrsineEuplassaPanopsisRoupalaClematisRhamnaceaeRhamnidiumZiziphusRhizophoraArachnothryx-typeBorreriaChiococcaChomeliaCoccocypselumDuroiaEmmeorhizaFarameaGuettardaHilliaHoffmannia-typeIxoraMitracarpusPeramaPsychotriaRichardiaRondeletia-typeRubiaceae undifferentiatedSabiceaSimiraZanthoxylumAzaraBanaraFlacourtiaXylosmaCupaniaChrysophyllumPouteriaSimaroubaSolanumTurpinia-typeSymplocosDaphnopsisLaporteaAloysiaLantanaLippiaPetreaRinoreaQualeaVochysiaDrimysPollen, undifferentiatedAnemiaAnthocerosBryophytaCyatheaCyathea horridaLusatisporis dettmannaeLycopodium australianumIsoetesPterisAcrostichumSelaginellaSpores, trilete echinateSpores, trilete reticulateSpores, trilete scabrateSpores, trilete verrucateAzollaCystopterisSpores, monolete echinateSpores, monolete psilateSpores, monolete ruguladoSpores, monolete scabrateSpores, monolete verrucateSpores, trilete psilatePiston corerCounting, palynologyM125Meteor (1986)2016-04-08T20:23:00Dataset4119 data pointstext/tab-separated-valuesCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 InternationalThe São Francisco Basin (SFB) is the largest watershed in eastern tropical South America, encompassing extensive areas of savannas, xeric vegetation, and tropical forests. Here, we present a low-resolution pollen record spanning from 11,900 to 71,600 yr BP from marine sediment core M125-95-3 (Latitude: 10.945; Longitude: -36.2057), retrieved offshore of the São Francisco River mouth. The record indicates a persistent predominance of savanna vegetation, accompanied by shifts in the relative abundance of arboreal and herbaceous taxa, with open savannas expanding during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2. This expansion of open savannas coincided with the most intense fire regime, suggesting enhanced climatic seasonality during this interval. During Termination I, arboreal pollen gradually increased and cold-affinity taxa expanded during Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1).-36.2057-10.945South Atlantic OceanCoordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorhttps://doi.org/10.13039/501100002322305285/2025-4Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorhttps://doi.org/10.13039/50110000232249558SMCoordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorhttps://doi.org/10.13039/5011000023228881.712022/2022-1Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorhttps://doi.org/10.13039/50110000232288887.989386/2024-00São Paulo Research Foundationhttps://doi.org/10.13039/5011000018072019/19948-0São Paulo Research Foundationhttps://doi.org/10.13039/5011000018072021/13129-8São Paulo Research Foundationhttps://doi.org/10.13039/5011000018072024/00949-5São Paulo Research Foundationhttps://doi.org/10.13039/5011000018072025/05117-0