<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!--*** Generated from internal PANGAEA metadata schema by dif.xslt ***--><DIF xsi:schemaLocation="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/ http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/dif_v9.4.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aboutus/xml/dif/">
<Entry_ID>PANGAEA_996092</Entry_ID>
<Entry_Title>Modern pollen rain analyses for 15 sites in north-central Oman</Entry_Title>
<Data_Set_Citation>
<Dataset_Creator>Unkelbach, Julia</Dataset_Creator>
<Dataset_Title>Modern pollen rain analyses for 15 sites in north-central Oman</Dataset_Title>
<Dataset_Release_Date>2026-07-22</Dataset_Release_Date>
<Dataset_Publisher>PANGAEA</Dataset_Publisher>
<Data_Presentation_Form>Dataset</Data_Presentation_Form>
<Online_Resource>https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996092</Online_Resource>
</Data_Set_Citation>
<Personnel>
<Role>Investigator</Role>
<First_Name>Julia</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Unkelbach</Last_Name>
<Email>julia.unkelbach@biologie.uni-goettingen.de</Email>
</Personnel>
<Discipline>
<Discipline_Name>Earth Science</Discipline_Name>
</Discipline>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Event label</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>LATITUDE</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>LONGITUDE</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>ALTITUDE</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>DEPTH, sediment/rock</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Lycopodium tablets</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Spores</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Lycopodium spores counted</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Sample volume</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Phoenix dactylifera</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Pistacia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Boswellia sacra</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Citrus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Mangifera indica</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Ficus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Solanum</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Ruellia patula</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Aerva javanica</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Poaceae (Cerealia)</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Trianthema portulacastrum</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Apiaceae undifferentiated</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cichorioideae-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Heliotropium</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Brassicaceae undifferentiated</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Silene</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Spergularia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cucumis</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Sida</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Plantago</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Ranunculus muricatus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Galium</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Bacopa monnieri</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Datura</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Urticaceae undifferentiated</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Aloe collenettae</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Aloe vera</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Fern spores</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Vachellia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Ziziphus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Prosopis</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Maerua</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tamarix</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Zygophyllum</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Ephedra</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Haloxylon</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cornulaca</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Euphorbia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Limonium stocksii</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Blepharis ciliaris</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Hibiscus micranthus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Gymnocarpos</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Artemisia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Limeum</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Poaceae</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cyperaceae</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Chenopodium</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Pulicarica-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Justicia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Aizoon</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Euploca</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Polycarpaea</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Cleome</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Convolvulus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Citrullus colocynthis</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Polygala</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Ochradiscus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Plocama</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Withania</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Tribulus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Typha</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Juniperus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Sideroxylon mascatense</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Dodonaea viscosa</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Helianthemum</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Lappula</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Dianthus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Centaurium</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Rumex</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Pinus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Avicennia marina</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Acanthaceae undifferentiated</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Fabaceae undifferentiated</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Indeterminata</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Glomus</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Sporormiella</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Sordaria-type</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Delitschia</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Arnium</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Coniochaeta</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Neurospora/Gelasinospora</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Thecaphora spp.</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Curvularia spp.</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Palynomorpha, non-pollen</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Uredospore</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Fruiting body</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Fungal spore undifferentiated</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Assulina</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Acari</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Insect hair</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Lepidoptera scale</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Brachionu, eggs</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<Parameters>
<Detailed_Variable>Microfossils indeterminata</Detailed_Variable>
</Parameters>
<ISO_Topic_Category>geoscientificInformation</ISO_Topic_Category>
<Keyword>AQ1_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>Arabian Peninsula</Keyword>
<Keyword>Arid environment</Keyword>
<Keyword>KS25_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>KS3_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>KS5_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>KS54_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>KS77_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>KT11_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>KT62_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>LZ5_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>modern vegetation</Keyword>
<Keyword>MQ1_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>Plastic bag</Keyword>
<Keyword>pollen rain</Keyword>
<Keyword>Pollen trap</Keyword>
<Keyword>SP8_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>U1685</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2801</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2813</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2845</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2905</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2908</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2913</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2919</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2921</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2924</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2925</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2926</Keyword>
<Keyword>U2927</Keyword>
<Keyword>U372</Keyword>
<Keyword>U374</Keyword>
<Keyword>WD2_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>WF1_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>WF2_Oman</Keyword>
<Keyword>XH1_Oman</Keyword>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Llight microscope, Manufacturer unknown, ZEISS Primostar 3 [x400 magnification]</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Sensor_Name>
<Long_Name>Measured</Long_Name>
</Sensor_Name>
<Temporal_Coverage>
<Start_Date>2023-02-23</Start_Date>
<Stop_Date>2023-03-10</Stop_Date>
</Temporal_Coverage>
<Data_Set_Progress>Complete</Data_Set_Progress>
<Spatial_Coverage>
<Southernmost_Latitude>22.609578</Southernmost_Latitude>
<Northernmost_Latitude>23.140222</Northernmost_Latitude>
<Westernmost_Longitude>57.085861</Westernmost_Longitude>
<Easternmost_Longitude>58.220667</Easternmost_Longitude>
</Spatial_Coverage>
<Access_Constraints>unrestricted</Access_Constraints>
<Use_Constraints>CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</Use_Constraints>
<Data_Set_Language>English</Data_Set_Language>
<Data_Center>
<Data_Center_Name>
<Short_Name>PANGAEA</Short_Name>
<Long_Name>Data Publisher for Earth &amp; Environmental Science</Long_Name>
</Data_Center_Name>
<Data_Center_URL>https://www.pangaea.de/</Data_Center_URL>
<Personnel>
<Role>Data Center Contact</Role>
<First_Name>Michael</First_Name>
<Last_Name>Diepenbroek</Last_Name>
<Email>info@pangaea.de</Email>
<Contact_Address>
<Address>Leobener Str.</Address>
<City>Bremen</City>
<Province_or_State>Bremen</Province_or_State>
<Postal_Code>28359</Postal_Code>
<Country>Germany</Country>
</Contact_Address>
</Personnel>
</Data_Center>
<Distribution>
<Distribution_Media>online</Distribution_Media>
<Distribution_Size>1500 data points</Distribution_Size>
<Distribution_Format>text/tab-separated-values</Distribution_Format>
</Distribution>
<Reference>Unkelbach, Julia; Proctor, Lucas; Behling, Hermann (2026): Modern Pollen-Vegetation Relationships in North-Central Oman and Their Implications for Interpreting Fossil Pollen Records from Extremely Arid Environments. Palynology, 2705316, https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2026.2705316</Reference>
<Summary>The arid environments of southern Arabia are mosaic landscapes consisting of clusters of different vegetation types that reflect changing climate and human adaption strategies to extreme climatic conditions. The underlying study investigates modern pollen-vegetation relationships in the hyper arid mosaic landscapes of north-central Oman to refine the interpretation of fossil pollen records from similar environments. Fifteen sites were sampled using pollen traps or surface samples across natural mountain, mountain foothill, and anthropogenically influenced systems, including oasis environments. Qualitative vegetation surveys were conducted within a 20 m radius around each sampling site. Most of the studied sites are located within and in the immediate vicinity of the village of Al-Khashbah in north-central Oman. Further sites are located to the north and northeast in the Al-Hajar Mountains and its southern foothills. ** For all details see the full metadata description at "https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996092"!</Summary>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altitude</URL>
<Description>ALTITUDE</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_6709</URL>
<Description>LATITUDE</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_6709</URL>
<Description>LONGITUDE</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&amp;id=292684</URL>
<Description>Acari</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Related_URL>
<URL>https://doi.org/10.1080/01916122.2026.2705316</URL>
<Description>Modern Pollen-Vegetation Relationships in North-Central Oman and Their Implications for Interpreting Fossil Pollen Records from Extremely Arid Environments</Description>
</Related_URL>
<Metadata_Name>DIF</Metadata_Name>
<Metadata_Version>9.4</Metadata_Version>
<DIF_Creation_Date>2026-07-22</DIF_Creation_Date>
<Last_DIF_Revision_Date>2026-07-22</Last_DIF_Revision_Date>
</DIF>
