/* DATA DESCRIPTION: Citation: Blei, Torben; Fuchs, Niels; Birnbaum, Gerit; Neckel, Niklas (2026): Drone-based ice station orthomosaics in local coordinate systems from the PS149/CONTRASTS expedition in the Arctic Ocean [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.996057 (DOI registration in progress) Abstract: This dataset consists of high-resolution airborne orthomosaics of the working areas surrounding the 11 ice stations visited during the PS149/CONTRASTS expedition in the Arctic Ocean between 2nd of July and 1st of September 2025. Mentioned ice stations are comprised of a visit to one of three floes. These floes were located in first-, second-, or multi-year ice respectively. The orthomosaics were generated through photogrammetric processing of airborne RGB imagery using Agisoft Metashape. No brightness corrections were applied. The imagery was acquired during drone surveys conducted in a chessboard-like flight pattern using a DJI Matrice 350 RTK equipped with a DJI Zenmuse H20T camera. A DJI Mavic 3 was used exclusively during the fourth visit to ice station 2 (2d) due to adverse weather conditions. The chessboard-like survey pattern generally consisted of at least two image blocks flown at different altitudes. The first visit to ice station 2 (2a) represents an exception, with observations restricted to a single altitude. Survey parameters, including flight altitude, speed, and image overlap, varied depending on weather conditions and floe drift speed. The orthomosaics are referenced in local coordinate systems defined by black-and-white ground targets deployed on the ice and, where possible, scaled using tachymeter measurements. These coordinate systems were maintained as consistently as possible throughout repeated visits to the ice stations. For surveys in which no ground targets were deployed, target locations were approximated based on their positions during previous visits. Orthomosaics generated under these conditions are marked accordingly. Keyword(s): Arctic; drone maps; ice station maps; local coordinate system; orthomosaic Related to: Nicolaus, Marcel (2026): The Expedition PS149 of the Research Vessel POLARSTERN to the Arctic Ocean in 2025. Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung = Reports on Polar and Marine Research, 808, 382 pp, https://doi.org/10.57738/BZPM_0808_2026 Funding: Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven (AWI) (URI: https://www.awi.de/), grant/award no. AWI_PS149_01: Sea Ice Physics (CONTRASTS) Coverage: MEDIAN LATITUDE: 83.631727 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 9.462055 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 82.389250 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -17.901930 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 84.780320 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 33.731230 DATE/TIME START: 2025-07-09T07:10:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-08-27T15:24:00 MINIMUM ELEVATION: 130.0 m * MAXIMUM ELEVATION: 130.0 m Event(s): PS149_13-1-Mavic3-01 * LATITUDE: 83.802983 * LONGITUDE: 20.754333 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-07-09T07:10:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-07-09T07:22:00 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11883 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: DJI Mavic 3; equipped with a 4/3 CMOS Hasselblad camera; DJI Enterprise (Mavic3) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip PS149_16-1-M350-01 * LATITUDE: 84.780317 * LONGITUDE: 14.208250 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-07-16T14:59:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-07-16T15:06:00 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11894 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), DJI Technology Co, Matrice 350 RTK; coupled with Zenmuse L2 Lidar System, XT thermal sensor, optical Camera system, RTK base station (M350_RTK) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. nan PS149_18-1-M350-01 * LATITUDE: 84.404983 * LONGITUDE: -17.901933 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-07-21T15:31:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-07-21T15:37:00 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11894 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), DJI Technology Co, Matrice 350 RTK; coupled with Zenmuse L2 Lidar System, XT thermal sensor, optical Camera system, RTK base station (M350_RTK) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. nan PS149_21-1-M350-01 * LATITUDE: 82.540000 * LONGITUDE: 26.924350 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-07-27T12:14:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-07-27T12:20:00 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11894 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), DJI Technology Co, Matrice 350 RTK; coupled with Zenmuse L2 Lidar System, XT thermal sensor, optical Camera system, RTK base station (M350_RTK) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. full AoI PS149_25-1-M350-01 * LATITUDE: 83.757417 * LONGITUDE: 15.824217 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-07-30T21:22:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-07-30T21:28:00 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11894 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), DJI Technology Co, Matrice 350 RTK; coupled with Zenmuse L2 Lidar System, XT thermal sensor, optical Camera system, RTK base station (M350_RTK) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. lower altitude PS149_30-1-M350-01 * LATITUDE: 83.618583 * LONGITUDE: -11.816083 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-08-04T21:38:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-08-04T21:46:00 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11894 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), DJI Technology Co, Matrice 350 RTK; coupled with Zenmuse L2 Lidar System, XT thermal sensor, optical Camera system, RTK base station (M350_RTK) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. 60 m PS149_32-1-M350-01 * LATITUDE: 83.227883 * LONGITUDE: 33.731233 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-08-09T16:18:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-08-09T16:48:00 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11894 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), DJI Technology Co, Matrice 350 RTK; coupled with Zenmuse L2 Lidar System, XT thermal sensor, optical Camera system, RTK base station (M350_RTK) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. three heights, no ground targets PS149_36-1-M350-01 * LATITUDE: 84.502817 * LONGITUDE: 21.984583 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-08-13T12:51:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-08-13T12:57:00 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11894 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), DJI Technology Co, Matrice 350 RTK; coupled with Zenmuse L2 Lidar System, XT thermal sensor, optical Camera system, RTK base station (M350_RTK) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. 120m PS149_41-1-M350-01 * LATITUDE: 82.746250 * LONGITUDE: -12.830233 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-08-18T16:49:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-08-18T16:58:00 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11894 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), DJI Technology Co, Matrice 350 RTK; coupled with Zenmuse L2 Lidar System, XT thermal sensor, optical Camera system, RTK base station (M350_RTK) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. 90/140 m PS149_46-1-Mavic3-01 * LATITUDE: 84.178517 * LONGITUDE: 17.785217 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-08-24T14:17:01 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-08-24T14:29:02 * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11883 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: DJI Mavic 3; equipped with a 4/3 CMOS Hasselblad camera; DJI Enterprise (Mavic3) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. nan PS149_47-1-M350-01 * LATITUDE: 82.389250 * LONGITUDE: -4.581333 * DATE/TIME START: 2025-08-27T15:24:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2025-08-27T15:34:00 * ELEVATION: 130.0 m * O2A REGISTRY URI: https://registry.o2a-data.de/items/11894 * CAMPAIGN: PS149 (CONTRASTS; ArcWatch 3) * BASIS: Polarstern (URI: https://doi.org/10.17815/jlsrf-3-163) * METHOD/DEVICE: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), DJI Technology Co, Matrice 350 RTK; coupled with Zenmuse L2 Lidar System, XT thermal sensor, optical Camera system, RTK base station (M350_RTK) * COMMENT: Not logged in DShip. full AoI Parameter(s): Event label (Event) LATITUDE (Latitude) * GEOCODE LONGITUDE (Longitude) * GEOCODE DATE/TIME (Date/Time) * GEOCODE Flight altitude [m] (Flight altitude) * COMMENT: Survey altitude 1 Flight altitude [m] (Flight altitude) * COMMENT: Survey altitude 2 Flight altitude [m] (Flight altitude) * COMMENT: Survey altitude 3 Instrument (Instrument) * COMMENT: Drone Resolution [cm/pixel] (Resolution) Comment (Comment) Raster graphic, GeoTIFF format (GeoTIFF) Raster graphic, GeoTIFF format (File Size) [Bytes] (GeoTIFF (Size)) License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) (URI: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Status: Curation Level: Enhanced curation (URI: https://wiki.pangaea.de/wiki/Curation_levels) Size: 59 data points Files: All files referred to in data matrix can be downloaded in one go as ZIP or TAR (PANGAEA user account required). To download single files, use the filename from data matrix appended to "https://download.pangaea.de/dataset/996057/files/". */ Event Latitude Longitude Date/Time Flight altitude [m] (Survey altitude 1) Flight altitude [m] (Survey altitude 2) Flight altitude [m] (Survey altitude 3) Instrument (Drone) Resolution [cm/pixel] Comment GeoTIFF GeoTIFF (Size) [Bytes] PS149_13-1-Mavic3-01 83.80298 20.75433 2025-07-09T07:10:00 40 50 70 DJI Mavic 3 1.43 approximated local system; bad camera positioning accuracy 11.tif 1.2 GBytes PS149_21-1-M350-01 82.54000 26.92435 2025-07-27T12:14:00 120 140 DJI Matrice 350 RTK 3.37 reduced local system accuracy 12.tif 692.3 MBytes PS149_32-1-M350-01 83.22788 33.73123 2025-08-09T16:18:00 100 110 140 DJI Matrice 350 RTK 3.04 approximated local system 13.tif 863.9 MBytes PS149_16-1-M350-01 84.78032 14.20825 2025-07-16T14:59:00 DJI Matrice 350 RTK 2.42 21.tif 1.3 GBytes PS149_25-1-M350-01 83.75742 15.82422 2025-07-30T21:22:00 100 120 DJI Matrice 350 RTK 3.25 22.tif 601.2 MBytes PS149_36-1-M350-01 84.50282 21.98458 2025-08-13T12:51:00 100 150 DJI Matrice 350 RTK 2.87 23.tif 1 GBytes PS149_46-1-Mavic3-01 84.17852 17.78522 2025-08-24T14:17:01 20 45 DJI Mavic 3 7.51 approximated local system 24.tif 2.1 GBytes PS149_18-1-M350-01 84.40498 -17.90193 2025-07-21T15:31:00 120 140 DJI Matrice 350 RTK 3.41 31.tif 624.7 MBytes PS149_30-1-M350-01 83.61858 -11.81608 2025-07-30T21:38:00 100 115 DJI Matrice 350 RTK 2.91 32.tif 984.8 MBytes PS149_41-1-M350-01 82.74625 -12.83023 2025-08-18T16:49:00 140 170 DJI Matrice 350 RTK 4.13 33.tif 1.2 GBytes PS149_47-1-M350-01 82.38925 -4.58133 2025-08-27T15:24:00 190 220 DJI Matrice 350 RTK 5.95 34.tif 948.8 MBytes